Editing Tetrahydrocannabinol (section)

====Metabolism====
The [[metabolism]] of THC occurs mainly in the [[liver]] by [[cytochrome P450]] [[enzyme]]s [[CYP2C9]], [[CYP2C19]], and [[CYP3A4]].<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Qian Y, Gurley BJ, Markowitz JS | title = The Potential for Pharmacokinetic Interactions Between Cannabis Products and Conventional Medications | journal = Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology | volume = 39 | issue = 5 | pages = 462–71 | year = 2019 | pmid = 31433338 | doi = 10.1097/JCP.0000000000001089 | s2cid = 201118659 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Watanabe K, Yamaori S, Funahashi T, Kimura T, Yamamoto I | title = Cytochrome P450 enzymes involved in the metabolism of tetrahydrocannabinols and cannabinol by human hepatic microsomes | journal = Life Sciences | volume = 80 | issue = 15 | pages = 1415–19 | date = March 2007 | pmid = 17303175 | doi = 10.1016/j.lfs.2006.12.032 }}</ref> CYP2C9 and CYP3A4 are the primary enzymes involving in metabolizing THC.<ref name="MarinolLabel2023" /> [[Pharmacogenomic]] research has found that oral THC exposure is 2- to 3-fold greater in people with [[Gene polymorphism|genetic variant]]s associated with reduced CYP2C9 function.<ref name="MarinolLabel2023" /> When taken orally, THC undergoes extensive [[first-pass metabolism]] in the liver, primarily via [[hydroxylation]].<ref name="MarinolLabel2023" /> The principal active metabolite of THC is [[11-hydroxy-THC]] (11-OH-THC), which is formed by CYP2C9 and is psychoactive similarly to THC.<ref name="pmid35523678" /><ref name="pmid30001569" /><ref name="MarinolLabel2023" /> This metabolite is further [[oxidation|oxidized]] to [[11-nor-9-carboxy-THC]] (THC-COOH). In animals, more than 100 metabolites of THC could be identified, but 11-OH-THC and THC-COOH are the predominant metabolites.<ref name="pmid35523678" /><ref name="pmid27341312">{{cite journal | vauthors = Aizpurua-Olaizola O, Zarandona I, Ortiz L, Navarro P, Etxebarria N, Usobiaga A | title = Simultaneous quantification of major cannabinoids and metabolites in human urine and plasma by HPLC-MS/MS and enzyme-alkaline hydrolysis | journal = Drug Testing and Analysis | volume = 9 | issue = 4 | pages = 626–33 | date = April 2017 | pmid = 27341312 | doi = 10.1002/dta.1998 | s2cid = 27488987 | url = https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/5028359 | access-date = 2022-12-02 | archive-date = 2023-01-05 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230105025824/https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Simultaneous_quantification_of_major_cannabinoids_and_metabolites_in_human_urine_and_plasma_by_HPLC-MS_MS_and_enzymealkaline_hydrolysis/5028359 | url-status = live }}</ref>