Editing Songwriter (section)

== Co-writing ==
Songs can be written jointly or written in collaboration with other songwriters.<ref name="Definition">{{cite web|title=Definition|date=2011 |access-date=29 September 2015 | url=http://www.thefreedictionary.com/cowriting|website=Thefreedictionary.com}}</ref> Co-writers may use the "stream of consciousness" approach, referring to having ideas flow rather than being discussed. The first step in co-writing is to establish the division of the contribution between co-writers. In copyright law, there is no distinction of importance between the lyrics of the song or the melody of the song, therefore each writer is given equal ownership over the song, unless another agreement is arranged.<ref name="Music Connection">{{cite web|title=Music Connection|date=2013 |access-date=29 September 2015|url=http://www.musicconnection.com/co-writing-tips-for-songwriters/|website=Musicconnection.com}}</ref> "Phantom" songwriters provide small contributions to songs. The songwriter suggests a line for a verse or a [[session musician]] who informally proposes a chord progression for a coda. "Phantom" songwriters are usually not given credit.

=== Songwriting partnership ===
[[File:1964-Lennon-McCartney (cropped).jpg|thumb|upright|[[Lennon–McCartney]] is the most successful songwriting partnership in history.]]
Songwriting partnership or songwriting duo is a prolific collaboration which consists of two songwriters, usually sharing 50% royalty each. Songwriting partnership can be between a composer and a lyricist ([[Andrew Lloyd Webber]] with [[Tim Rice]], or [[Elton John]] with [[Bernie Taupin]]),<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.theguardian.com/culture/2012/mar/26/lloyd-webber-rice-partnership-over|title=Tim Rice rules out collaborating again with Andrew Lloyd Webber|date=March 26, 2012|website=the Guardian}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-features/bernie-taupin-interview-elton-john-jewel-box-1084108/|title=Bernie Taupin on His 53-Year Saga With Elton John and Hopes for the Future|first1=Andy|last1=Greene|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=November 2, 2020}}</ref> a performer and a producer ([[Madonna]] with [[Patrick Leonard]] or [[Mariah Carey]] with [[Walter Afanasieff]]),<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/8459132/patrick-leonard-interview-kickstarter-madonna|title=Patrick Leonard on What to Expect From His New Album of Reimagined Madonna Collaborations|magazine=Billboard}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://variety.com/2019/music/news/mariah-carey-all-i-want-for-christmas-co-writer-walter-afanasieff-interview-1203447527/|title=Estranged From Mariah Carey, 'All I Want for Christmas' Co-Writer Calls No. 1 'Bittersweet'|first1=Chris|last1=Willman|newspaper=Variety |date=December 18, 2019}}</ref> or between bandmates ([[Jagger–Richards|Mick Jagger and Keith Richards]] of [[the Rolling Stones]] or [[Björn Ulvaeus]] and [[Benny Andersson]] of [[ABBA]]).<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/1GBFH3wsXkmL4M5DDmVKSkB/7-legendary-song-writing-duos-that-changed-the-face-of-pop-music |title=BBC - 7 legendary song-writing duos that changed the face of pop music |access-date=2021-01-17 |archive-date=2021-02-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210205114338/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/1GBFH3wsXkmL4M5DDmVKSkB/7-legendary-song-writing-duos-that-changed-the-face-of-pop-music |url-status=dead }}</ref>

According to ''Billboard'', [[Lennon–McCartney|the songwriting partnership]] between [[John Lennon]] and [[Paul McCartney]] remains the most successful one of all time, resulting over 180 songs and [[List of Billboard Hot 100 chart achievements and milestones#Artist achievements|a record 20 number ones]] for [[the Beatles]] on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100.<ref>{{cite magazine | url=https://www.billboard.com/music/music-news/it-takes-two-10-songwriting-duos-that-rocked-music-history-467781/ | title=It Takes Two: 10 Songwriting Duos That Rocked Music History | magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] }}</ref> Songwriting partnership between siblings [[Billie Eilish]] and [[Finneas O'Connell]] have generated multiple wins at the [[Academy Awards]] for [[Academy Award for Best Original Song|Best Original Song]] as well as the [[Grammy Awards]] for [[Grammy Award for Song of the Year|Song of the Year]] and [[Grammy Award for Record of the Year|Record of the Year]].<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Grein |first=Paul |date=2024-03-11 |title=Billie Eilish & Finneas, Ludwig Göransson and More Record-Setters at 2024 Oscars |url=https://www.billboard.com/music/awards/billie-eilish-finneas-records-set-2024-oscars-1235628989/ |access-date=2025-01-16 |magazine=Billboard |language=en-US}}</ref>

=== Songwriting camp ===
Songwriting camp is a gathering of multiple producers and topliners in a pre-selected location for the purpose of writing songs for a specific artist.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vulture.com/2018/08/the-songwriting-camps-where-pops-biggest-hits-get-crafted.html|title=The Songwriting Camps Where Pop's Biggest Hits (and Personalities) Get Crafted|first=Steve|last=Knopper|date=August 7, 2018|website=Vulture.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.shellypeiken.com/blog/songwriting-camp|title=Songwriting Camps|website=[[Shelly Peiken]]|date=May 9, 2016|access-date=January 16, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-39934986|title=How many people does it take to write a hit song?|date=May 16, 2017|website=Bbc.com}}</ref> As one of the most successful artists in releasing many [[hit song]]s, [[Rihanna]] has been known for holding various writing camps to make her albums.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nme.com/en_asia/news/music/rihanna-says-shes-held-tons-of-writing-camps-for-a-new-album-2767950|title=Rihanna says she's held "tons of writing camps" for a new album &#124; NME|website=[[NME]]|date=October 2, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2012/03/26/the-song-machine|title=The Hit Factory|first=John|last=Seabrook|magazine=The New Yorker}}</ref> Writing camps are also very popular in the [[K-pop]] music industry.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bmi.com/news/entry/how_to_write_and_pitch_songs_for_the_j_pop_and_k_pop_markets|title=How to Write and Pitch Songs for the J-Pop and K-Pop Markets|date=September 13, 2016|website=BMI.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/how-american-rb-songwriters-found-a-new-home-in-k-pop-627643/|title=How American R&B Songwriters Found a New Home in K-Pop|first1=Elias|last1=Leight|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=May 2, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://theindustryobserver.thebrag.com/mukis-k-pop-songwriting-expedition/|title=Muki's K-pop songwriting expedition [Photo Diary]|website=Theindustryobserver.thebrag.com|date=June 1, 2018}}</ref>

===Sampling===
{{main|Sampling (music)}}
Sampling is the reuse of a portion (or sample) of a sound recording in another recording. The original songwriter(s) of a song usually receive co-writing credit when their work is sampled on another song, although they did not literally involve in making the latter. For example, [[Sting (musician)|Sting]] is credited as a co-writer alongside [[Sauce Money|Todd Gaither]] and [[Faith Evans]] for "[[I'll Be Missing You]]" (1997) due to the sample of "[[Every Breath You Take]]" (1983), a song he solely wrote for [[the Police]]. However, "I'll Be Missing You" did not have legal approval for the sample before its release, thus Sting sued and received 100% of the song royalties, with payments reportedly going until 2053.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ultimateclassicrock.com/sting-puff-daddy-2000-a-day/|title=Sting Earns $2,000 a Day Because Puff Daddy Didn't Say 'Please' Back in 1997|last=Lifton|first=Dave|website=[[Ultimate Classic Rock]]|language=en|date=January 7, 2014|access-date=January 22, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Zelmer |first1=Emily |title=Diddy Actually Does Not Pay Sting $5,000 Per Day For Uncleared Song Sample |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/diddy-sting-uncleared-sample-payment-1234710483/ |access-date=2 May 2023 |date=7 April 2023}}</ref> [[Beyoncé]]'s album ''[[Lemonade (album)|Lemonade]]'' (2016) features as many as 72 co-writers due to use of samples in majority of its tracks.<ref>{{cite web|last=Fallon|first=Kevin|date=April 13, 2017|url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/does-beyonce-write-her-own-music-and-does-it-really-matter|title=Does Beyoncé Write Her Own Music? And Does It Really Matter?|website=[[The Daily Beast]]|access-date=August 21, 2020}}</ref>