Editing Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum (section)

==== 1970s and 1980s ====
In 1971, with increasing costs and decreasing endowment income, the Guggenheim recorded a large [[Deficit spending|deficit]] for the first time in its history.<ref>{{Cite news |date=January 4, 1972 |title=Admission to Guggenheim Raised From 50 Cents to $1 |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1972/01/04/archives/admission-to-guggenheim-raised-from-50-cents-to-1.html |access-date=October 4, 2022 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Additionally, although Wright had included space for a cafe at the southern end of the museum building, the space was instead used by the conservation and framing departments.<ref name=Pfeiffer37/> The foundation proposed adding a lobby and restaurant in the museum's driveway area in early 1973<ref>{{Cite news |last=Horsley |first=Carter B. |date=February 19, 1973 |title=Guggenheim Museum to Alter Facade |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1973/02/19/archives/guggenheim-museum-to-alter-facade-vision-to-be-maintained.html |access-date=October 4, 2022 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> but had difficulty agreeing on the plans,<ref>{{Cite news |date=April 15, 1973 |title=Guggenheim Museum to Review Plan to Alter Building's Facade |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1973/04/15/archives/guggenheim-museum-to-review-plan-to-alter-buildings-facade.html |access-date=October 4, 2022 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> which were revised that November.<ref name="nyt-1973-11-10">{{Cite news |last=Goldberger |first=Paul |date=November 10, 1973 |title=Guggenheim Modifies Alteration |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1973/11/10/archives/guggenheim-modifies-alteration-a-wall-of-glass.html |access-date=October 4, 2022 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> As part of the project, designed by Donald E. Freed, the museum closed its driveway and added a dining area and bookstore there.<ref name="nyt-1973-11-10" /><ref name="NYCL pp. 12–13"/> Facing a growing deficit and a shortage of exhibit space, the Guggenheim announced in 1977 that it would raise $20 million over the following five years.<ref name="nyt-1977-12-24">{{Cite news |last=Fraser |first=C. Gerald |date=December 24, 1977 |title=Guggenheim Starts Drive to Raise $20 Million |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1977/12/24/archives/guggenheim-starts-drive-to-raise-20-million.html |access-date=October 4, 2022 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Museum officials also planned to expand the annex on 89th Street.<ref name="nyt-1977-12-24" />

Messer became director of the Guggenheim Foundation in 1980 and continued to serve as the museum director, promoting two curators to directorial positions.<ref>{{Cite news |date=November 8, 1980 |title=2 Guggenheim Curators Promoted to Directors; 'Seemed Appropriate' |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1980/11/08/archives/2-guggenheim-curators-promoted-to-directors-seemed-appropriate.html |access-date=October 5, 2022 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> The Guggenheim renovated the Thannhauser wing in the early 1980s.<ref name="nyt-1982-11-28">{{Cite news |last=Russell |first=John |date=November 28, 1982 |title=Art View; a Redesigned Wing Adds Luster to the Guggenheim |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/11/28/arts/art-view-a-redesigned-wing-adds-luster-to-the-guggenheim.html |access-date=October 4, 2022 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Following these changes, John Russell of ''The New York Times'' wrote that the Thannhauser Collection "may now be said to be the equivalent of [[Frick Collection|the Frick]] in the domain of modern art."<ref name="nyt-1982-11-28" /> "[[Works & Process]]", a series of performances at the Guggenheim, commenced in 1984.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.guggenheim.org/new-york/education/works-and-process |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081206122056/http://www.guggenheim.org/new-york/education/works-and-process |archive-date=December 6, 2008 |url-status=dead |title=Works & Process |access-date=August 13, 2016}}</ref>

In 1982 [[Gwathmey Siegel & Associates Architects]] drew up designs for an 11-story annex on 88th Street, behind the existing museum building.<ref name=NYCL13/> The original plan, announced in February 1985,<ref name="Goldberger x465" /><ref name="n162091115">{{Cite news |last=Stevens |first=Elisabeth |date=1985-02-24 |title=N.Y.'s Guggenheim plans $12 million addition |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-baltimore-sun-nys-guggenheim-plan/162091115/ |access-date=2025-01-02 |work=The Baltimore Sun |pages=164}}</ref> would have been cantilevered over the existing building.<ref name=NYCL13>{{harvnb|Landmarks Preservation Commission|1990|ps=.|p=13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Goldberger |first=Paul |date=October 10, 1985 |title=An Appraisal; Architecture: a Design for Guggenheim Tower |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1985/10/10/arts/an-appraisal-architecture-a-design-for-guggenheim-tower.html |access-date=October 4, 2022 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> The design was downsized to 10 stories in early 1987 due to opposition from local residents.<ref name="nyt-1987-02-11">{{Cite news |last=Goldberger |first=Paul |date=February 11, 1987 |title=Guggenheim Museum Proposing Scaled-down Design for Addition |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/02/11/arts/guggenheim-museum-proposing-scaled-down-design-for-addition.html |access-date=October 4, 2022 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Ladd |first=Scott |date=February 11, 1987 |title=Revised Design Proposed for Guggenheim |pages=35 |work=Newsday |via=newspapers.com |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110706549/revised-design-proposed-for/ |access-date=October 4, 2022}}</ref> At the time, the building could only exhibit 150 pieces, about 3 percent of the museum's 5000-work collection.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ladd |first=Scott |date=July 6, 1987 |title=Guggenheim Look Still Arouses Passions |pages=27 |work=Newsday |via=newspapers.com |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110706437/guggenheim-look-still-arouses/ |access-date=October 4, 2022}}</ref> In anticipation of the annex's construction and a wider-ranging renovation of the older building, Gwathmey Siegel also renovated the Thannhauser wing's second floor and the top level of the main gallery's ramp in 1987.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Mays |first=Vernon |date=Apr 1989 |title=Revealing Wright |url=https://usmodernist.org/PA/PA-1989-04.PDF |magazine=Progressive Architecture |volume=68 |page=82}}</ref> The Board of Standards and Appeals approved the 89th Street annex that October,<ref>{{Cite news |date=October 21, 1987 |title=Museum Addition Approved |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/10/21/nyregion/museum-addition-approved.html |access-date=October 4, 2022 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Lippman |first=Barbara |date=October 22, 1987 |title=Museum gets a variance |pages=141 |work=New York Daily News |via=newspapers.com |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/110706605/museum-gets-a-variancebarbara-lippman/ |access-date=October 4, 2022}}</ref> despite continuing opposition.<ref name="nyt-1990-11-28">{{Cite news |last=Glueck |first=Grace |date=November 28, 1990 |title=Guggenheim Withdraws Design Change |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/11/28/arts/guggenheim-withdraws-design-change.html |access-date=October 4, 2022 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Messer retired the next month, on the 50th anniversary of the collection's founding.<ref name="nyt-1987-11-05">{{Cite news |last=Russell |first=John |date=November 5, 1987 |title=Director of Guggenheim Retiring After 27 Years |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/11/05/arts/director-of-guggenheim-retiring-after-27-years.html |access-date=October 4, 2022 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> The [[New York City Board of Estimate]] approved plans for the Guggenheim's annex in 1988,<ref>{{Cite news |last=McGill |first=Douglas C. |date=January 15, 1988 |title=Guggenheim Expansion Plan Upheld |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/01/15/arts/guggenheim-expansion-plan-upheld.html |access-date=October 4, 2022 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> and the [[New York Supreme Court]] upheld the Board of Estimate's decision.<ref>{{Cite news |date=June 23, 1988 |title=Guggenheim Plan Upheld |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/06/23/arts/guggenheim-plan-upheld.html |access-date=October 4, 2022 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>