Editing Sindh (section)

=== Religion ===
{{See also|Sufism in Sindh|Hinduism in Sindh}}{{Pie chart|value1=90|color1=Green|label1=[[Islam]]|value2=8.81|color2=Orange|label2=[[Hinduism]]|value3=0.98|color3=Blue|label3=[[Christianity]]|value4=0.03|color4=Black|label4=[[Ahmaddiya]]|caption=Religion in Sindh according to [[2023 Census of Pakistan|2023 census]]|value5=0.01|value6=<0.01|value7=0.07|color5=Yellow|color6=White|color7=Gray|label5=[[Sikhism]]|label6=[[Zoroastrianism]]|label7=Other|thumb=left}}Islam in Sindh has a long history, starting with the capture of Sindh by Muhammad Bin Qasim in 712.  Over time, the majority of the population in Sindh converted to Islam, especially in rural areas.  Today, Muslims make up 90% of the population, and are more dominant in urban than rural areas. Islam in Sindh has a strong Sufi ethos with numerous Muslim saints and mystics, such as the Sufi poet [[Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai]], having lived in Sindh historically. One popular legend that highlights the strong Sufi presence in Sindh is that 125,000 Sufi saints and mystics are buried on [[Makli Hill]] near [[Thatta]].<ref>Annemarie Schimmel,&nbsp;''Pearls from Indus''&nbsp;Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan: Sindhi Adabi Board (1986). See pp. 150.</ref> The development of Sufism in Sindh was similar to the development of Sufism in other parts of the Muslim world. In the sixteenth century two Sufi ''tareeqat'' (orders) – Qadria and Naqshbandia – were introduced in Sindh.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1045164|title=History of Sufism in Sindh discussed|date=2013-09-25|work=DAWN.COM|access-date=2017-03-30|language=en}}</ref> Sufism continues to play an important role in the daily lives of Sindhis.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1161050|title=Can Sufism save Sindh?|date=2015-02-02|work=DAWN.COM|access-date=2017-03-30|language=en}}</ref>

In 1941, the last census conducted prior to the partition of India, the total population of Sindh was 4,840,795 out of which 3,462,015 (71.5%) were Muslims, 1,279,530 (26.4%) were Hindus and the remaining were Tribals, Sikhs, Christians, Parsis, Jains, Jews, and Buddhists.<ref name="sindh1941"/>{{rp|28}}<ref>Rahimdad Khan Molai Shedai; Janet ul Sindh; 3rd edition, 1993; Sindhi Adbi Board, Jamshoro; page no: 2.</ref>

Sindh also has Pakistan's highest percentage of [[Hinduism in Pakistan|Hindus]] overall, accounting for 8.8% of the population, roughly around 4.9 million people,<ref name="2017 Census"/> and 13.3% of the province's rural population as per 2023 Pakistani census report. These numbers also include the [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|scheduled caste]] population, which stands at 1.7% of the total in Sindh (or 3.1% in rural areas),<ref name=religioninpakistan>{{cite web |url=http://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files//tables/POPULATION%20BY%20RELIGION.pdf |title=Religion in Pakistan (2017 Census) |access-date=2018-03-28 |publisher=Pakistan Bureau of Statistics |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200329204115/http://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/tables/POPULATION%20BY%20RELIGION.pdf |archive-date=29 March 2020 |url-status=dead}}</ref> and is believed to have been under-reported, with some community members instead counted under the main Hindu category.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/197657-Scheduled-castes-have-a-separate-box-for-them-but-only-if-anybody-knew|title=Scheduled castes have a separate box for them, but only if anybody knew|access-date=19 September 2020}}</ref> Although, [[Pakistan Hindu Council]] claimed that there are 6,842,526 Hindus living in Sindh Province covering around 14.29% of the region's population.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://pakistanhinducouncil.org.pk/hinduism/hindu-population-pk/ |title=Hindu Population (PK) |publisher=Pakistanhinducouncil.org.pk |access-date=2022-06-24 |archive-date=15 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200815025257/http://pakistanhinducouncil.org.pk/hinduism/hindu-population-pk/ }}</ref> Umerkot district in the Thar Desert is Pakistan's only Hindu-majority district. The [[Ramapir Temple Tando Allahyar|Shri Ramapir Temple]] in Tandoallahyar whose annual festival is the second largest Hindu pilgrimage in Pakistan is in Sindh.<ref>{{cite news |title=Hindu's converge at Ramapir Mela near Karachi seeking divine help for their security |website=[[The Times of India]] |date=26 September 2012 |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Hindus-converge-at-Ramapir-Mela-near-Karachi-seeking-divine-help-for-their-security/articleshow/16557691.cms |access-date=2020-10-13}}</ref> Sindh is also the only province in Pakistan to have a separate law for governing [[Hindu marriage laws in Pakistan|Hindu marriages]].<ref name=Shahid>{{Cite news|title=Sindh Hindu Marriage Act—relief or restraint?|author=Shahid Jatoi|newspaper=Express Tribune|date=8 June 2017 |url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/1429958/sindh-hindu-marriage-act-relief-restraint?amp=1|access-date=10 November 2020}}</ref>

2020 community estimates indicated the Sikh population in Sindh stood at approximately 10,000,<ref name="Tunio">{{Cite news|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/2232679/1-shikarpurs-sikhs-serve-humanity-beyond-religion/?amp=1|title=Shikarpur's Sikhs serve humanity beyond religion|first=Hafeez|last=Tunio|newspaper=The Express Tribune|location=Pakistan|date=31 May 2020|access-date=2 July 2020}}</ref> while the 2023 census indicated a population of 5,182 Sikhs.<ref name="sindh2023"/>

{{clear}}
<div style="overflow-x:auto; border: 1px solid #AAA; padding-left: 0.1em; padding-right: 0.1em">
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Religion in Sindh (1872−2023)
! rowspan="2" |[[Religion in Pakistan|Religious]]<br />group
! colspan="2" |1872<ref name="sindh1872">{{cite web |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25057641 |jstor=saoa.crl.25057641 |access-date=16 November 2024 |title=Census of the Bombay Presidency, taken on the 21. February 1872. |year=1872 |volume=2 |pages=76 |publisher=Bombay, 1875. }}</ref>{{efn|name=Sindh1872}}
! colspan="2" |1881<ref name="sindh1881">{{cite web |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25057678 |jstor=saoa.crl.25057678 |access-date=16 November 2024 |title=Census of India, 1891. Operations and results in the Presidency of Bombay, including Sind |year=1881 |pages=3 |archive-date=1 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240601224518/https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25057678 |url-status=live }}</ref>{{efn|name=Sindh1881}}
! colspan="2" |1891<ref name="sindh1891">{{cite web |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25352815 |jstor=saoa.crl.25352815 |access-date=16 November 2024 |title=Census of India, 1891. Vol. VIII, Bombay and its feudatories. Part II, Imperial tables |author1=India Census Commissioner |year=1891 |volume=8}}</ref>{{efn|name=Sindh1891}}
! colspan="2" |1901<ref name="sindh1901">{{cite web |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25366895 |jstor=saoa.crl.25366895 |access-date=12 May 2024 |title=Census of India 1901. Vols. 9-11, Bombay. |author1=India Census Commissioner |year=1901 |volume=9}}</ref>{{efn|name=Sindh1901}}
! colspan="2" |1911<ref name="sindh1911">{{cite web |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25393770 |jstor=saoa.crl.25393770 |access-date=12 May 2024 |title=Census of India 1911. Vol. 7, Bombay. Pt. 2, Imperial tables. |author1=India Census Commissioner |year=1911 |volume=7}}</ref>{{efn|name=Sindh1911}}
! colspan="2" |1921<ref name="sindh1921">{{cite web |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25394131 |jstor=saoa.crl.25394131 |access-date=6 May 2024 |title=Census of India 1921. Vol. 8, Bombay Presidency. Pt. 2, Tables : imperial and provincial. |author1=India Census Commissioner |year=1921 |volume=8}}</ref>{{efn|name=Sindh1921}}
! colspan="2" |1931<ref name="sindh1931">{{cite web |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25797128 |jstor=saoa.crl.25797128 |access-date=5 May 2024 |title=Census of India 1931. Vol. 8, Bombay. Pt. 2, Statistical tables. |author1=India Census Commissioner |year=1931 |volume=8}}</ref>{{efn|name=Sindh1931}}
! colspan="2" |1941<ref name="sindh1941"/>{{rp|28}}{{efn|name=Sindh1941}}
! colspan="2" |1951<ref name="sindh1951">{{cite web|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/31311|title=CPopulation According to Religion, Tables-6, Pakistan - Census 1951|access-date=21 July 2024}}</ref>{{rp|22–26}}{{efn|name=Sindh1951|Including [[Federal Capital Territory (Karachi)]]}}
! colspan="2" |1998<ref name="sindh1998">{{cite web|url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/other/yearbooks//yearbook2014/16-16.pdf|title=Population Distribution by Religion, 1998 Census|access-date=23 January 2023}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2017<ref name="sindh2017">{{cite web|url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2017/tables/pakistan/Table09n.pdf|title=TABLE 9 - POPULATION BY SEX, RELIGION AND RURAL/URBAN|access-date=23 January 2023}}</ref><ref name="2017 Census">{{cite web |title=Religious Demographics of Pakistan 2023 |url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2023/tables/national/table_9.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829194924/https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files//population_census/sailent_feature_%20census_2017.pdf |archive-date=29 August 2021 |access-date=20 May 2021}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2023<ref name="sindh2023">{{cite web|url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/digital-census/detailed-results|title=7th Population and Housing Census - Detailed Results Table-9 Population by sex, religion and rural/urban|website=Pakistan Bureau of Statistics|access-date=6 August 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Table 9: Population by Sex, Religion and Rural/Urban, Census – 2023 |url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2023/tables/national/table_9.pdf}}</ref>
|-
![[Population|{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}]]
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
|-
! [[Islam]] [[File:Star and Crescent.svg|15px]]
| 1,712,221
|{{Percentage | 1712221 | 2192415 | 2 }}
| 1,989,630
|{{Percentage | 1989630 | 2542976 | 2 }}
| 2,318,180
|{{Percentage | 2318180 | 3003711 | 2 }}
| 2,609,337
|{{Percentage | 2609337 | 3410223 | 2 }}
| 2,822,756
|{{Percentage | 2822756 | 3737223 | 2 }}
| 2,562,700
|{{Percentage | 2562700 | 3472508 | 2 }}
| 3,017,377
|{{Percentage | 3017377 | 4114253 | 2 }}
| 3,462,015
|{{Percentage | 3462015 | 4840795 | 2 }}
| 5,535,645
|{{Percentage | 5535645 | 6047748 | 2 }}
| 27,796,814
|{{Percentage | 27796814 | 30439893 | 2 }}
| 43,234,107
|{{Percentage | 43234107 | 47854510 | 2 }}
| 50,126,428
|{{Percentage | 50126428 | 55638409 | 2 }}
|-
! [[Hinduism]] [[File:Om.svg|15px]]{{efn|name=SindhHindu|1872 census: Also includes [[Tribals in India|Tribals]], [[Jainism|Jains]], [[Buddhism|Buddhists]], and [[Nanakpanthi]]s ([[Sikhs]]).<br><br>1881 census: Also includes [[Tribals in India|Tribals]] and [[Nanakpanthi]]s ([[Sikhs]]).<br><br>1891 census: Also includes [[Tribals in India|Tribals]].<br><br>1901 census: Also includes [[Tribals in India|Tribals]] and [[Nanakpanthi]]s ([[Sikhs]]).}}
| 475,848
|{{Percentage | 475848 | 2192415 | 2 }}
| 544,848
|{{Percentage | 544848 | 2542976 | 2 }}
| 674,371
|{{Percentage | 674371 | 3003711 | 2 }}
| 787,683
|{{Percentage | 787683 | 3410223 | 2 }}
| 877,313
|{{Percentage | 877313 | 3737223 | 2 }}
| 876,629
|{{Percentage | 876629 | 3472508 | 2 }}
| 1,055,119
|{{Percentage | 1055119 | 4114253 | 2 }}
| 1,279,530
|{{Percentage | 1279530 | 4840795 | 2 }}
| 482,560
|{{Percentage | 482560 | 6047748 | 2 }}
| 2,280,842
|{{Percentage | 2280842 | 30439893 | 2 }}
| 4,176,986
|{{Percentage | 4176986 | 47854510 | 2 }}
| 4,901,407
|{{Percentage | 4901407 | 55638409 | 2 }}
|-
! [[Christianity]] [[File:Christian cross.svg|15px]]
| 3,329
|{{Percentage | 3329 | 2192415 | 2 }}
| 6,082
|{{Percentage | 6082 | 2542976 | 2 }}
| 7,768
|{{Percentage | 7768 | 3003711 | 2 }}
| 7,825
|{{Percentage | 7825 | 3410223 | 2 }}
| 10,917
|{{Percentage | 10917 | 3737223 | 2 }}
| 11,734
|{{Percentage | 11734 | 3472508 | 2 }}
| 15,152
|{{Percentage | 15152 | 4114253 | 2 }}
| 20,304
|{{Percentage | 20304 | 4840795 | 2 }}
| 22,601
|{{Percentage | 22601 | 6047748 | 2 }}
| 294,885
|{{Percentage | 294885 | 30439893 | 2 }}
| 408,301
|{{Percentage | 408301 | 47854510 | 2 }}
| 546,968
|{{Percentage | 546968 | 55638409 | 2 }}
|-
! [[Zoroastrianism]] [[File:Faravahar.svg|15px]]
| 810
|{{Percentage | 810 | 2192415 | 2 }}
| 1,063
|{{Percentage | 1063 | 2542976 | 2 }}
| 1,534
|{{Percentage | 1534 | 3003711 | 2 }}
| 2,000
|{{Percentage | 2000 | 3410223 | 2 }}
| 2,411
|{{Percentage | 2411 | 3737223 | 2 }}
| 2,913
|{{Percentage | 2913 | 3472508 | 2 }}
| 3,537
|{{Percentage | 3537 | 4114253 | 2 }}
| 3,841
|{{Percentage | 3841 | 4840795 | 2 }}
| 5,046
|{{Percentage | 5046 | 6047748 | 2 }}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| 1,763
|{{Percentage | 1763 | 55638409 | 3 }}
|-
! [[Judaism]] [[File:Star_of_David.svg|15px]]
| 35
|{{Percentage | 35 | 2192415 | 2 }}
| 153
|{{Percentage | 153 | 2542976 | 2 }}
| 210
|{{Percentage | 210 | 3003711 | 2 }}
| 428
|{{Percentage | 428 | 3410223 | 2 }}
| 595
|{{Percentage | 595 | 3737223 | 2 }}
| 671
|{{Percentage | 671 | 3472508 | 2 }}
| 985
|{{Percentage | 985 | 4114253 | 2 }}
| 1,082
|{{Percentage | 1082 | 4840795 | 2 }}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
|-
! [[Jainism]] [[File:Jain_Prateek_Chihna.svg|15px]]
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| 1,191
|{{Percentage | 1191 | 2542976 | 2 }}
| 923
|{{Percentage | 923 | 3003711 | 2 }}
| 921
|{{Percentage | 921 | 3410223 | 2 }}
| 1,349
|{{Percentage | 1349 | 3737223 | 2 }}
| 1,534
|{{Percentage | 1534 | 3472508 | 2 }}
| 1,144
|{{Percentage | 1144 | 4114253 | 2 }}
| 3,687
|{{Percentage | 3687 | 4840795 | 2 }}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
|-
! [[Buddhism]] [[File:Dharma_Wheel_(2).svg|15px]]
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| 9
|{{Percentage | 9 | 2542976 | 2 }}
| 2
|{{Percentage | 2 | 3003711 | 2 }}
| 0
|{{Percentage | 0 | 3410223 | 2 }}
| 21
|{{Percentage | 21 | 3737223 | 3 }}
| 41
|{{Percentage | 41 | 3472508 | 3 }}
| 53
|{{Percentage | 53 | 4114253 | 3 }}
| 111
|{{Percentage | 111 | 4840795 | 3 }}
| 670
|{{Percentage | 670 | 6047748 | 2 }}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
|-
! [[Sikhism]] [[File:Khanda.svg|15px]]
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| 720
|{{Percentage | 720 | 3003711 | 2 }}
| {{N/a}}{{efn|name=1901Census|1901 census: Enumerated as Hindus.}}
| {{N/a}}
| 12,339
|{{Percentage | 12339 | 3737223 | 2 }}
| 8,036
|{{Percentage | 8036 | 3472508 | 2 }}
| 19,172
|{{Percentage | 19172 | 4114253 | 2 }}
| 32,627
|{{Percentage | 32627 | 4840795 | 2 }}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| 5,182
|{{Percentage | 5182 | 55638409 | 2 }}
|-
! [[Tribal religions in India|Tribal]]
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}{{efn|name=1901Census}}
| {{N/a}}
| 9,224
|{{Percentage | 9224 | 3737223 | 2 }}
| 8,186
|{{Percentage | 8186 | 3472508 | 2 }}
| 204
|{{Percentage | 204 | 4114253 | 2 }}
| 37,598
|{{Percentage | 37598 | 4840795 | 2 }}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
|-
! [[Ahmadiyya]] [[File:Liwa-e-Ahmadiyya_1-2.svg|15px]]
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| 43,524
|{{Percentage | 43524 | 30439893 | 2 }}
| 21,661
|{{Percentage | 21661 | 47854510 | 2 }}
| 18,266
|{{Percentage | 18266 | 55638409 | 2 }}
|-
! Others
| 172
|{{Percentage | 172 | 2192415 | 2 }}
| 0
|{{Percentage | 0 | 2542976 | 2 }}
| 3
|{{Percentage | 3 | 3003711 | 2 }}
| 2,029
|{{Percentage | 2029 | 3410223 | 2 }}
| 298
|{{Percentage | 298 | 3737223 | 2 }}
| 64
|{{Percentage | 64 | 3472508 | 3 }}
| 1,510
|{{Percentage | 1510 | 4114253 | 2 }}
| 0
|{{Percentage | 0 | 4840795 | 2 }}
| 1,226
|{{Percentage | 1226 | 6047748 | 2 }}
| 23,828
|{{Percentage | 23828 | 30439893 | 2 }}
| 13,455
|{{Percentage | 13455 | 47854510 | 2 }}
| 38,395
|{{Percentage | 38395 | 55638409 | 2 }}
|- class="sortbottom"
! Total Responses
! 2,192,415
!{{Percentage | 2192415 | 2322765 | 2 }}
! 2,542,976
!{{Percentage | 2542976 | 2542976 | 2 }}
! 3,003,711
!{{Percentage | 3003711 | 3003711 | 2 }}
! 3,410,223
!{{Percentage | 3410223 | 3410223 | 2 }}
! 3,737,223
!{{Percentage | 3737223 | 3737223 | 2 }}
! 3,472,508
!{{Percentage | 3472508 | 3472508 | 2 }}
! 4,114,253
!{{Percentage | 4114253 | 4114253 | 2 }}
! 4,840,795
!{{Percentage | 4840795 | 4840795 | 2 }}
! 6,047,748
!{{Percentage | 6047748 | 6054474 | 2 }}
! 30,439,893
!{{Percentage | 30439893 | 30439893 | 2 }}
! 47,854,510
!{{Percentage | 47854510 | 47854510 | 2 }}
! 55,638,409
!{{Percentage | 55638409 | 55696147 | 2 }}
|- class="sortbottom"
! Total Population
! 2,322,765
!{{Percentage | 2322765 | 2322765 | 2 }}
! 2,542,976
!{{Percentage | 2542976 | 2542976 | 2 }}
! 3,003,711
!{{Percentage | 3003711 | 3003711 | 2 }}
! 3,410,223
!{{Percentage | 3410223 | 3410223 | 2 }}
! 3,737,223
!{{Percentage | 3737223 | 3737223 | 2 }}
! 3,472,508
!{{Percentage | 3472508 | 3472508 | 2 }}
! 4,114,253
!{{Percentage | 4114253 | 4114253 | 2 }}
! 4,840,795
!{{Percentage | 4840795 | 4840795 | 2 }}
! 6,054,474
!{{Percentage | 6054474 | 6054474 | 2 }}
! 30,439,893
!{{Percentage | 30439893 | 30439893 | 2 }}
! 47,854,510
!{{Percentage | 47854510 | 47854510 | 2 }}
! 55,696,147
!{{Percentage | 55696147 | 55696147 | 2 }}
|}
</div>