Editing Shirley Ann Jackson (section)

==References==
{{reflist|1=30em|refs=
<ref name="DiscoverMag">{{cite web|last1=Svitil|first1=Kathy A.|title=The 50 Most Important Women in Science|url=http://discovermagazine.com/2002/nov/feat50/|website=Discover Magazine|publisher=Kalmbach Publishing Co.|access-date=December 15, 2014|archive-date=December 21, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181221130712/http://discovermagazine.com/2002/nov/feat50/|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="diaspora">{{cite web|url=http://www.math.buffalo.edu/mad/physics/jackson_shirleya.html|title=Physicists of the African Diaspora|last=Williams|first=Scott|access-date=December 31, 2009|archive-date=October 6, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181006132036/http://www.math.buffalo.edu/mad/physics/jackson_shirleya.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="auto">{{Cite book|title=American women inventors|last=Ann.|first=Camp, Carole|date=2004|publisher=Enslow Publishers|isbn=0766015386|location=Berkeley Heights, NJ|oclc=48398924}}</ref>
<ref name="NYTimesBio">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/ref/college/faculty/coll_pres_jacksonbio.html|title=Biography of Shirley Ann Jackson, Ph.D. |author=<!--Not stated-->|date=July 21, 2003|work=The New York Times|access-date=March 1, 2017|archive-url=https://archive.today/20170301093632/http://www.nytimes.com/ref/college/faculty/coll_pres_jacksonbio.html|archive-date=March 1, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="BorrellSpeaking">{{Cite news|url=http://academic.evergreen.edu/z/zita/articles/SciAm/GW_CC/ScienceEducation2011.pdf |title=Speaking Out on the "Quiet Crisis" |last=Borrell |first=Brendan |date=December 1, 2011 |work=Scientific American |access-date=March 1, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170301104308/http://academic.evergreen.edu/z/zita/articles/SciAm/GW_CC/ScienceEducation2011.pdf |archive-date=March 1, 2017 |url-status=live |pages=94–99 |language=en}}</ref>
<ref name="times union">{{cite web|url=http://timesunion.com/AspStories/story.asp?storyID=754050&category=REGION |title=For RPI, priorities an issue |publisher=Times Union |access-date=December 27, 2008| url-status=dead |archive-date=December 25, 2008 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20081225225555/http://timesunion.com/AspStories/story.asp?storyID=754050&category=REGION}}</ref>
<ref name="house">{{cite web|url=http://www.rpinsider.com/archives/2484|title=Breaking News: New Presidential Home to Be Constructed|date=December 7, 2009|access-date=December 31, 2009|archive-date=December 24, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091224084614/http://www.rpinsider.com/archives/2484|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="timesunion house">{{cite news|url=http://www.timesunion.com/AspStories/story.asp?storyID=875141 |title=RPI president to get new campus home residence |last=Churchill |first=Chris |work=[[Times Union (Albany)|The Times Union]] |date=December 8, 2009 |access-date=December 31, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091215112325/http://www.timesunion.com/AspStories/story.asp?storyID=875141 |archive-date=December 15, 2009}}</ref>
<ref name="house razed">{{cite news|url=http://poly.rpi.edu/?p=1343|title=Jackson house to be razed|last=Sherman|first=Erica|date=March 3, 2010|publisher=[[The Rensselaer Polytechnic]]|access-date=April 4, 2010|archive-date=July 20, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720041605/http://poly.rpi.edu/?p=1343|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="email2">{{cite web|url=http://rpiisrpi.com/sites/default/files/President%27s%20House%20Project%20email_0.txt|title=RE President's House Project (Email to RPI Community)|last=Rounds|first=Claude|date=February 25, 2010|publisher=RPIisRPI.com|access-date=February 25, 2010}}{{dead link|date=March 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</ref>
<ref name="List of Fellows">{{cite web|title=List of Fellows|url=http://www.raeng.org.uk/about-us/people-council-committees/the-fellowship/list-of-fellows|access-date=October 28, 2014|archive-date=June 8, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160608094405/http://www.raeng.org.uk/about-us/people-council-committees/the-fellowship/list-of-fellows|url-status=dead}}</ref>
<ref name="page2">{{cite web |website=National Coalition of 100 Black Women |title=Candace Award Recipients 1982–1990, Page 2 |url=http://www.ncbw.org/programs/award2.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030314212510/http://www.ncbw.org/programs/award2.html |archive-date=March 14, 2003}}</ref>
<ref name="profile">{{Cite web|title=Biography &#124; Shirley Ann Jackson, Ph.D.|url=https://president.rpi.edu/president-biography|access-date=2022-04-04|website=president.rpi.edu|archive-date=July 9, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180709144214/https://president.rpi.edu/president-biography|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="sQ2pz">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TMZMAgAAQBAJ&pg=RA2-PA333|title=Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience|last1=Appiah|first1=Kwame Anthony|last2=Gates|first2=Henry Louis Jr.|date=March 16, 2005|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9780195170559|pages=333|language=en|access-date=March 1, 2017|archive-date=June 8, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608092637/https://books.google.com/books?id=TMZMAgAAQBAJ&pg=RA2-PA333|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="olWU4">{{cite web|url=http://www.usfsp.edu/rosengrant-stem-lab/files/2017/07/Shirley-Jackson_superconductors.pdf|title=Shirley Ann Jackson superconductors|publisher=[[USFSP]]|access-date=May 2, 2018|archive-date=March 3, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190303123843/http://www.usfsp.edu/rosengrant-stem-lab/files/2017/07/Shirley-Jackson_superconductors.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="G3JiA">{{Cite web|url=https://www.blackhistory.mit.edunode/122|title=James E. Young, 1983|website=MIT Black History|language=en|access-date=2019-12-30}}{{Dead link|date=November 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
<ref name="HUnKe">{{Cite web |url=http://www.blackinventionsmuseum.org/features4.html |title=International Black Inventions Museum – Featured Inventors – Dr. Shirley A. Jackson |access-date=August 29, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021207145018/http://www.blackinventionsmuseum.org/features4.html |archive-date=December 7, 2002 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all}}</ref>
<ref name="sKf1k">{{Cite web |url=http://www.black-inventor.com/Dr-Shirley-Jackson.asp |title=Famous Black Inventors – Dr. Shirley Ann Jackson |access-date=August 10, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060205154828/http://www.black-inventor.com/Dr-Shirley-Jackson.asp |archive-date=February 5, 2006 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all}}</ref>
<ref name="q9u1f">{{cite news |title=BBC 100 Women: Nine things you didn't know were invented by women |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-40923649 |access-date=8 February 2020 |date=4 September 2017 |archive-date=June 11, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200611222542/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-40923649 |url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name="DnndB">{{Cite web|url=https://president.rpi.edu/president-biography |title=Jackson biography at RPI |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180709144214/https://president.rpi.edu/president-biography |archive-date=July 9, 2018 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all}}</ref>
<ref name="nw6l4">Inventions by others during 1954–1970:{{bulleted list |Portable Fax Machine (1961), {{Cite web|url=https://www.inventorsdigest.com/articles/still-changing-world/|title=Still Changing the World|website=www.inventorsdigest.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-08-10|date=August 4, 2016|archive-date=March 8, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308004715/https://www.inventorsdigest.com/articles/still-changing-world/|url-status=live}} |Touch-tone Telephones (1963), {{Cite web|url=https://www.edn.com/electronics-blogs/edn-moments/4424443/Tone-dialing-telephones-are-introduced--November-18--1963|title=Tone dialing telephones are introduced, November 18, 1963|website=www.edn.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-08-10|archive-date=September 1, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190901001537/https://www.edn.com/electronics-blogs/edn-moments/4424443/Tone-dialing-telephones-are-introduced--November-18--1963|url-status=live}} |Solar Cells (1954), {{cite patent|country=US|number=2780765|status=patent|title=Solar energy converting apparatus|inventor=Chapin, D. M.; Fuller, C. S.; Pearson, G. L.|url=https://www.google.com/patents/US2780765}} [https://patents.google.com/patent/US2780765] |Fiber Optic Cable (1970), {{cite patent|country=US|number=3711262|status=patent|title=Method of producing optical waveguide fibers|inventor=Keck, D.;Schultz, P.|url=https://www.google.com/patents/US3711262}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220404193231/https://patents.google.com/patent/US3711262 |date=April 4, 2022 }} |Caller ID (1970), {{cite patent|country=US|number=3812296|status=patent|title=Apparatus for generating and transmitting digital information|inventor=Paraskevakos, T.|url=https://www.google.com/patents/US3812296}} [https://patents.google.com/patent/US3812296] |Call Waiting (1961), {{cite patent|country=US|number=3133995|status=patent|title=Call awaiting signal telephone circuits|inventor=Zarouni, A.|url=https://www.google.com/patents/US3133995}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220404193239/https://patents.google.com/patent/US3133995 |date=April 4, 2022 }}}}</ref>
<ref name="Xp03y">{{cite news|url=https://www.timesunion.com/business/article/Claims-of-EMPAC-rush-job-601502.php|title=Claims of EMPAC rush job|newspaper=Times Union |access-date=May 2, 2018|date=August 4, 2010|archive-date=April 22, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180422132824/https://www.timesunion.com/business/article/Claims-of-EMPAC-rush-job-601502.php|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="sGWnX">[http://chronicle.com/news/article/343/no-confidence-motion-fails-at-rensselaer-polytechnic No-Confidence Motion Fails at Rensselaer Polytechnic] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080416114510/http://chronicle.com/news/article/343/no-confidence-motion-fails-at-rensselaer-polytechnic |date=April 16, 2008}}.</ref>

<ref name="kfuPe">{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/news/education/2012/12/09/private-college-presidents-pay-was-slightly/43o4xB7bJWx58wRLJV9SYL/story.html|title=Private college presidents pay was up slightly|work=Boston Globe|date=September 12, 2012|access-date=January 5, 2013|archive-date=December 14, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121214090446/http://www.boston.com/news/education/2012/12/09/private-college-presidents-pay-was-slightly/43o4xB7bJWx58wRLJV9SYL/story.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="JwKeX">{{cite news| url= https://www.forbes.com/sites/susanadams/2013/12/15/the-highest-paid-college-presidents/| title= The Highest-Paid College Presidents| last= Adams| first= Susan| date= December 15, 2013| work= Forbes| access-date= February 16, 2014| archive-date= February 19, 2014| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140219154411/http://www.forbes.com/sites/susanadams/2013/12/15/the-highest-paid-college-presidents/| url-status= live}}</ref>

<ref name="J7FuF">{{cite web|url=http://www.rpi.edu/about/celebration/ |title=Celebration Weekend: A Tribute to the Renaissance at Rensselaer |access-date=December 31, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100123180930/http://www.rpi.edu/about/celebration/ |archive-date=January 23, 2010}}</ref>
<ref name="nv5Np">{{cite web|url=http://news.rpi.edu/update.do?artcenterkey=2661|title=Rensselaer Announces Celebration Weekend Event Lineup|access-date=December 31, 2009|archive-date=July 20, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720041141/http://news.rpi.edu/update.do?artcenterkey=2661|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="FCPUu">{{cite web|url=http://www.troyrecord.com/articles/2010/02/03/news/doc4b68e5a08bdf0755584868.txt|title=Zoning Board of Appeals denies RPI mansion|access-date=February 19, 2010|archive-date=February 20, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120220121604/http://www.troyrecord.com/articles/2010/02/03/news/doc4b68e5a08bdf0755584868.txt|url-status=live}}</ref>

<ref name="UckGc">{{cite web|url=http://news.rpi.edu/update.do?artcenterkey=2738|title=Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Board of Trustees Votes Unanimously To Appoint President Shirley Ann Jackson for 10 More Years|work=rpi.edu|access-date=June 16, 2010|archive-date=June 24, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100624022607/http://news.rpi.edu/update.do?artcenterkey=2738|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="rrreC">{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/08/education/rensselaer-president-leads-list-of-highest-paid-private-college-leaders.html|title=Rensselaer President Leads List of Highest-Paid Private College Leaders|date=December 8, 2014|work=The New York Times|access-date=March 3, 2017|archive-date=February 28, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180228161543/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/08/education/rensselaer-president-leads-list-of-highest-paid-private-college-leaders.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="aZA6p">{{cite web|url=https://money.com/highest-paid-private-college-president/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112030938/https://money.com/highest-paid-private-college-president/|url-status=live|archive-date=November 12, 2020|title=How Much the 10 Highest Paid Private College Presidents Made|website=Money|access-date=May 2, 2018}}</ref>
<ref name="218rA">{{Cite web|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|title=Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Board Extends President Jackson's Contract|url=https://news.rpi.edu/content/2018/12/20/rensselaer-polytechnic-institute-extends-president-jackson%25E2%2580%2599s-contract|access-date=2022-04-04|website=news.rpi.edu|language=en|archive-date=August 15, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210815125859/https://news.rpi.edu/content/2018/12/20/rensselaer-polytechnic-institute-extends-president-jackson%E2%80%99s-contract|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="1JmLa">[http://news.rpi.edu/campusnews/update.do?artcenterkey=2136&setappvar=page(1)&setappvar=issueSet(2136,2124,2131,2127,2117,2118,2132,2133,2130,2126)&setappvar=pos(1) "President Jackson Elected Member of American Philosophical Society"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928194541/http://news.rpi.edu/campusnews/update.do?artcenterkey=2136&setappvar=page%281%29&setappvar=issueSet%282136%2C2124%2C2131%2C2127%2C2117%2C2118%2C2132%2C2133%2C2130%2C2126%29&setappvar=pos%281%29 |date=September 28, 2011}}. May 7, 2007.</ref>
<ref name="MInpo">{{cite web|url=http://nationalmedals.org/laureates/shirley-ann-jackson |title=NSTMF |access-date=June 7, 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806111405/http://nationalmedals.org/laureates/shirley-ann-jackson |archive-date=August 6, 2016 |df=mdy}}</ref>
<ref name="arWms">{{cite web|title=President Shirley Ann Jackson Named Recipient of National Medal of Science|url=http://news.rpi.edu/content/2015/12/22/president-shirley-ann-jackson-named-recipient-national-medal-science|website=RPI.edu|access-date=February 1, 2016|archive-date=February 7, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160207052057/http://news.rpi.edu/content/2015/12/22/president-shirley-ann-jackson-named-recipient-national-medal-science|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="rQowA">{{cite web|url=http://www.rpi.edu/president/honorarydegrees.html|title=President's Honorary Degrees – Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI)|work=rpi.edu|access-date=March 26, 2007|archive-date=February 24, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070224072403/http://www.rpi.edu/president/honorarydegrees.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="R58Wh">{{Cite web|url=http://rpi.edu/president/profile.html|title=President's Profile – Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI)|website=rpi.edu|access-date=November 2, 2016|archive-date=April 7, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407124823/http://www.rpi.edu/president/profile.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="kuqP6">{{Cite news|url=https://www.womenofthehall.org/inductee/shirley-ann-jackson/|title=Jackson, Shirley Ann – National Women's Hall of Fame|newspaper=National Women's Hall of Fame|language=en-US|access-date=November 2, 2016|archive-date=December 21, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181221182935/https://www.womenofthehall.org/inductee/shirley-ann-jackson/|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="KlOCC">{{Cite web|title=Shirley Ann Jackson, Leader in Higher Education and Government, to Receive the Vannevar Bush Award|url=https://www.nsf.gov/news/news_summ.jsp?cntn_id=108494|access-date=2022-04-04|website=www.nsf.gov|language=English|archive-date=May 23, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170523154738/https://nsf.gov/news/news_summ.jsp?cntn_id=108494|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="iCRXk">{{cite press release|url=http://news.rpi.edu/update.do?artcenterkey=2566&setappvar=page(1)|title=Shirley Ann Jackson Appointed to the President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology|date=April 27, 2009|publisher=RPI|access-date=April 27, 2009|archive-date=May 18, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090518093228/http://news.rpi.edu/update.do?artcenterkey=2566&setappvar=page(1)|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="MoHpP">{{Cite web|url=https://president.rpi.edu/speeches/2004/keeping-connection|title=Jackson speech to Delta Sigma Theta, March 2004|website=president.rpi.edu|language=en-US|access-date=2018-08-10|archive-date=August 7, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807051409/https://president.rpi.edu/speeches/2004/keeping-connection|url-status=live}}</ref>
}}
<!-- these refs no loner used
<ref name="TH3KO">{{cite AV media|url=https://www.youtube.com/user/RPIconcerns|title=RPIconcerns|via=YouTube}}</ref>
<ref name="Ks8dU">[http://www.timesunion.com/AspStories/story.asp?storyID=633371&amp;category=REGION&amp;newsdate=10/26/2007 RPI professors stage '60s-style teach-in]{{dead link|date=October 2014}}</ref>
<ref name="zz3Q8">{{cite news|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1355/is_23_104/ai_111403550|title=Dr. Shirley Ann Jackson is highest-paid university president in the nation|year=2003|access-date=December 27, 2008 |work=Jet}} The "highest-paid" accolade is also sometimes directed at [[Ohio State University]]'s [[E. Gordon Gee|Gordon Gee]].</ref>
<ref name="nU3yu">{{cite news|url=http://wnyt.com/article/stories/S1041136.shtml?cat=300 |title=Mansion causes pollution concern |date=July 21, 2009 |publisher=[[WNYT (TV)|WNYT]] |access-date=July 22, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141210044659/http://wnyt.com/article/stories/S1041136.shtml?cat=300 |archive-date=December 10, 2014}}</ref>
<ref name="VoGyu">[https://news.yahoo.com/s/mcclatchy/3387449 Yahoo.com] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100102065123/http://news.yahoo.com/s/mcclatchy/3387449 |date=January 2, 2010}}</ref>
<ref name="z3qlQ">{{cite news|url=http://blog.timesunion.com/realestate/size-of-planned-rpi-home-upped-to-19500-square-feet/3437/|title=City surprised by size of planned RPI presidential home|last=Churchill|first=Chris|date=June 3, 2010|work=The Times Union|access-date=June 8, 2010}}</ref>
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