Editing Shetland Sheepdog (section)

==Health==

A Japanese study of pet cemetery data found a life expectancy of 14.3 years with 239 dogs—higher than 13.7 overall life expectancy.<ref>{{cite journal | last1=Inoue | first1=Mai | last2=Kwan| first2=Nigel C. L. | last3=Sugiura | first3=Katsuaki | title=Estimating the life expectancy of companion dogs in Japan using pet cemetery data | journal=Journal of Veterinary Medical Science | publisher=Japanese Society of Veterinary Science | volume=80 | issue=7 | year=2018 | issn=0916-7250 | doi=10.1292/jvms.17-0384 | pages=1153–1158}}</ref> A UK study found a life expectancy of 13.4 years for the breed compared to an average of 12.7 for purebreeds and 12 for [[Mongrel|crossbreeds]].<ref>{{cite journal | last=McMillan | first=Kirsten M. | last2=Bielby | first2=Jon | last3=Williams | first3=Carys L. | last4=Upjohn | first4=Melissa M. | last5=Casey | first5=Rachel A. | last6=Christley | first6=Robert M. | title=Longevity of companion dog breeds: those at risk from early death | journal=Scientific Reports | publisher=Springer Science and Business Media LLC | volume=14 | issue=1 | date=2024-02-01 | issn=2045-2322 | doi=10.1038/s41598-023-50458-w | page=| pmc=10834484 }}</ref>

The Shetland is predisposed to the following dermatological conditions: [[allergic skin disease]], [[Drug eruption|cutaneous drug eruptions]], [[Histiocytosis|cutaneous histiocytosis]], cutaneous or [[systemic lupus]], [[dermatomyositis]], and [[Sertoli cell tumour]].<ref>{{cite book | last1=Hnilica | first1=Keith A. | last2=Patterson | first2=Adam P. | title=Small Animal Dermatology | publisher=Saunders | publication-place=St. Louis, Missouri | date=19 September 2016 | isbn=978-0-323-37651-8 | page=}}</ref>{{Page needed|date=May 2024}}

Shetland Sheepdogs have four times the risk of other dogs of developing [[transitional cell carcinoma]], a [[cancer of the bladder]].<ref>''Clinical Medicine of the Dog and Cat'', 2nd ed., ed. Michael Schaer, p. 528.</ref>

A North American study of over a million hip scores in dogs over the age of two found the Shetland to have the fifth-lowest prevalence out of sixty breeds—4.2% of Shetlands had [[Hip dysplasia (canine)|hip dysplasia]].<ref>{{cite journal | last1=Oberbauer | first1=A. M. | last2=Keller | first2=G. G. | last3=Famula | first3=T. R. | title=Long-term genetic selection reduced prevalence of hip and elbow dysplasia in 60 dog breeds | journal=PLOS One | volume=12 | issue=2 | date=24 February 2017 | issn=1932-6203 | doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0172918 | doi-access=free | page=e0172918}}</ref>

[[Von Willebrand disease]] is an inherited bleeding disorder. The Shetland is affected by both type I and type III.<ref>{{cite web|title=Von Willebrand's Disease|url=http://www.vet.uga.edu/vpp/clerk/anderson/index.php|access-date=2 April 2011|author1=Julie B. Anderson|author2=Kenneth S. Latimer|author3=Perry J. Bain|author4=Heather L. Tarpley|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110918210247/http://www.vet.uga.edu/vpp/clerk/anderson/index.php|archive-date=18 September 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> 

[[Collie eye anomaly]] is an [[autosomal recessive]] inherited trait which results in incomplete closure of the [[embryonic fissure]], seen almost exclusively in Collies, Border Collies and Shetland Sheepdogs.<ref>"Collie." ''Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary''. Philadelphia: Elsevier Health Sciences, 2007. Credo Reference. Web. 17 September 2012.</ref>

[[File:White Shetland Sheepdog.jpg|thumb|This mostly white Shetland has several conformational faults, such as pricked ears, too much white colouration (due to it being a double merle), [[microphthalmia]], and pink spots in the nose. This dog would not be considered breeding stock.]]

A mutation the MDR1 gene causes sensitivity to certain drugs such as [[ivermectin]]. This sensitivity has been observed in the Shetland. The MDR1 mutation has been identified in the Shetland and the breed was identified as predisposed in a study in the US.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Neff|first1=Mark W|last2=Robertson|first2=Kathryn R.|last3=Wong|first3=Aaron K.|last4=Safra|first4=Noa|last5=Broman|first5=Karl W.|last6=Slatkin|first6=Montgomery|last7=Mealey|first7=Katrina L.|author-link7=Katrina Mealey|last8=Pedersen|first8=Niels C.|last9=Motulsky|first9=Arno G.|year=2004|title=Breed Distribution and History of Canine Mdr1-1δ, a Pharmacogenetic Mutation That Marks the Emergence of Breeds from the Collie Lineage|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America|volume=101|issue=32|pages=11725–11730|doi=10.1073/pnas.0402374101|pmc=511012|pmid=15289602|doi-access=free}}</ref> Due to this genetic mutation, affected dogs may exhibit sensitivity or adverse reactions to many drugs, including [[acepromazine]], [[butorphanol]], [[doxorubicin]], [[erythromycin]], [[ivermectin]], [[loperamide]], [[milbemycin]], [[moxidectin]], [[rifampin]], [[selamectin]], [[vinblastine]], and [[vincristine]].<ref>{{cite web|title=MDR1 Gene Mutation- Flier|url=http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/depts-VCPL/printable/VCPL-Flier.pdf|access-date=2 April 2011|archive-date=12 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150412024533/http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/depts-VCPL/printable/VCPL-Flier.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Problem Drugs – MDR1 Gene Mutation|url=http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/depts-VCPL/drugs.aspx}}</ref>

Ulcerative dermatosis of Shetland sheepdog and rough collie (UDSSC) is a disease that is believed to be a [[Vesicle (dermatology)|vesicular]] variant of [[discoid lupus erythematosus]]. It is an ulcerative dermatosis that affects the thigh, groin, axillae, and ventral abdomen.<ref>{{cite book | last1=Rhodes | first1=Karen Helton | last2=Werner | first2=Alexander H. | title=Blackwell's Five-Minute Veterinary Consult Clinical Companion | publisher=Wiley-Blackwell | publication-place=Ames, Iowa | date=25 January 2011 | isbn=978-0-8138-1596-1 | page=181}}</ref>

A UK study found a significant predisposition to [[gall bladder mucocele]], with the breed being 93.87 times more likely to acquire the condition than other dogs.<ref>{{cite journal | last=Bandara | first=Y. | last2=Bayton | first2=W. A. | last3=Williams | first3=T. L. | last4=Scase | first4=T. | last5=Bexfield | first5=N. H. | title=Histopathological frequency of canine hepatobiliary disease in the United Kingdom | journal=Journal of Small Animal Practice | volume=62 | issue=9 | date=2021 | issn=0022-4510 | doi=10.1111/jsap.13354 | pages=730–736}}</ref> A study looking at the increased incidence of [[hepatobiliary disease]] in the Shetland Sheepdog found that an [[insertion mutation]] of the [[ABCB4]] gene that occurs in the Shetland Sheepdog—as well as other breeds—had a significant association with gall bladder mucocele prevalence.<ref>{{cite journal | last=Mealey | first=Katrina L | last2=Minch | first2=Jonathan D | last3=White | first3=Stephen N | last4=Snekvik | first4=Kevin R | last5=Mattoon | first5=John S | title=An insertion mutation in ABCB4 is associated with gallbladder mucocele formation in dogs | journal=Comparative Hepatology | volume=9 | issue=1 | date=2010 | issn=1476-5926 | pmid=20598156 | pmc=2904718 | doi=10.1186/1476-5926-9-6 | doi-access=free | page=}}</ref>