Editing Seville (section)

==Geography==
===Location===
[[File:(Sevilla) Seville, Spain (49104522676) (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.5|Satellite imagery of Seville ([[Sentinel-2]], [[Copernicus Programme]], [[European Space Agency]])]]
[[File:MTN50-0984-2006-cns-Sevilla.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.5|Seville sheet of MTN50 (Spain's National Topographic Map at 1:50,000 scale), at its first digital edition (year 2006).]]
Seville has an area of {{convert|141|km2|0|abbr=on}}, according to the National Topographic Map ''(Mapa Topográfico Nacional)'' series from the ''Instituto Geográfico Nacional&nbsp;– Centro Nacional de Información Geográfica'', the country's civilian survey organisation (pages 984, 985 and 1002). The city is situated in the fertile valley of the River Guadalquivir. The average height [[Above mean sea level|above sea level]] is {{convert|7|m|0|abbr=off}}. Most of the city is on the east side of the river, while [[Triana, Seville|Triana]], [[La Cartuja, Seville|La Cartuja]] and [[Los Remedios, Seville|Los Remedios]] are on the west side. The [[Albaida del Aljarafe|Aljarafe]] region lies further west, and is considered part of the [[Seville metropolitan area|metropolitan area]]. The city has boundaries on the north with [[La Rinconada, Andalusia|La Rinconada]], [[La Algaba]] and [[Santiponce]]; on the east with [[Alcalá de Guadaira]]; on the south with [[Dos Hermanas]] and [[Gelves]] and on the west with [[San Juan de Aznalfarache]], [[Tomares]] and [[Camas, Seville|Camas]].

Seville is on the same [[37th parallel north|parallel]] as United States west coast city [[San Jose, California|San Jose]] in central California. [[São Miguel Island|São Miguel]], the main island of the [[Azores]] archipelago, lies on the same latitude. Further east from Seville in the [[Mediterranean Basin]], it is on the same latitude as [[Catania]] in Sicily, Italy and just south of [[Athens]], the capital of [[Greece]]. Beyond that, it is located on the same parallel as South Korean capital, [[Seoul]]. Seville is located inland, not very far from the Andalusian coast, but still sees a much more continental climate than the nearest port cities, [[Cádiz]] and [[Huelva]]. Its distance from the sea makes summers in Sevilla much hotter than along the coastline.

===Climate===
[[File:Toits Guadalquivir ponts Séville Espagne.jpg|thumb|Skyline of Seville from the top of the [[Giralda]]]]
Seville's climate is a very [[hot-summer Mediterranean climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''Csa''), featuring very hot, long, dry summers and mild winters with moderate rainfall.<ref>{{cite journal|author=M. Kottek|author2=J. Grieser |author3=C. Beck |author4=B. Rudolf |author5=F. Rubel |title=World Map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification updated|journal=Meteorol. Z.|volume=15|pages=259–263|url=https://opus.bibliothek.uni-augsburg.de/opus4/files/40083/metz_Vol_15_No_3_p259-263_World_Map_of_the_Koppen_Geiger_climate_classification_updated_55034.pdf|doi=10.1127/0941-2948/2006/0130|access-date=22 April 2009|year=2006|issue=3|bibcode=2006MetZe..15..259K }}</ref> Seville has an annual average temperature of {{convert|19.6|C|F|0}}. The annual average temperature is {{convert|25.7|C|F|0}} during the day and {{convert|13.3|C|F|0}} at night.<ref>{{cite web|title=Valores climatológicos normales. Sevilla Aeropuerto|url=http://www.aemet.es/es/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/valoresclimatologicos?l=5783&k=and|publisher=[[AEMET]]|access-date=3 April 2022}}</ref> Seville is located in the [[Baetic Depression|Guadalquivir Valley]], which is often referred to as "the frying pan of Spain", as it features the hottest cities in the country.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 August 2001 |title=Europe's hottest spot? Let's have a heated debate |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/travel/europe/europe-s-hottest-spot-let-s-have-a-heated-debate-5363962.html |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Puentes |first=Carlos |date=22 August 2018 |title=La 'sartén' de España: una cuestión orográfica con acento cordobés |url=https://cordopolis.eldiario.es/cordoba-hoy/sarten-espana-cuestion-orografica-acento-cordobes_1_7127022.html |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=Cordópolis |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bermejo |first=Nicolás |date=9 August 2018 |title=¿Por qué el valle del Guadalquivir es la "sartén" de España? |url=https://aemetblog.es/2018/08/09/por-que-el-valle-del-guadalquivir-es-la-sarten-de-espana/ |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=[[AEMET]]blog |language=es}}</ref>

Seville is the warmest city in [[Continental Europe]].<ref>{{cite web|title=CartujaQanat – Recovering the Street Life in a Climate Changing World Journal 2: How is Sevilla moving the needle in the fight to urban climate transformation|url=https://www.uia-initiative.eu/en/news/cartujaqanat-recovering-street-life-climate-changing-world-journal-2-how-sevilla-moving-needle|publisher=UIA Initiative. [[European Union]].|access-date=3 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130083925/https://www.uia-initiative.eu/en/news/cartujaqanat-recovering-street-life-climate-changing-world-journal-2-how-sevilla-moving-needle|archive-date=30 November 2021|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> It is also the hottest major metropolitan area in Europe, with summer average high temperatures of above {{convert|36|C|F}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://earth.esa.int/web/earth-watching/image-of-the-week/content/-/article/seville-spain/|title=Seville, Spain|work=[[European Space Agency]]|access-date=3 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125012241/https://earth.esa.int/web/earth-watching/image-of-the-week/content/-/article/seville-spain/ |archive-date=25 January 2021 |date=2022}}</ref> and the hottest in Spain.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cope.es/actualidad/espana/noticias/cual-ciudad-mas-calurosa-espana-cordoba-murcia-sevilla-entre-las-candidatas-20210703_1374370|title=¿Cuál es la ciudad más calurosa de España?|website=[[Cadena COPE]]|date=3 July 2021|access-date=21 December 2021}}</ref> After the city of [[Córdoba, Andalusia|Córdoba]] (also in Andalusia), Seville has the hottest summer in [[Europe]] among all cities with a population over 100,000 people, with average daily highs above {{convert|36.0|C|F|0}} in July and August.<ref>{{cite web|title=Las ciudades donde hace más calor de España|url=https://www.lasexta.com/viajestic/escapadas/ciudades-donde-hace-mas-calor-espana_2016071157ea513c0cf26658235dc177.html|publisher=[[La Sexta]]|language=es|date=14 July 2016|access-date=29 July 2021}}</ref> On average, Seville has around 60 days a year with maximum temperatures over {{convert|35.0|C|F}}.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AEMET OpenData |url=https://opendata.aemet.es/centrodedescargas/productosAEMET? |access-date=14 January 2024 |website=opendata.aemet.es}}</ref>

Temperatures above {{convert|40|C|F|0}} are not uncommon in summer. In fact, it became the first city in the world to name a [[heat wave]], with a nickname "Zoe".<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 June 2023 |title=Heatwave Yago: Here's why Seville is naming its extreme heat events |url=https://www.euronews.com/green/2023/06/26/heatwave-yago-dangerous-heat-event-named-in-seville-for-the-second-time-ever |access-date=8 January 2024 |website=euronews |language=en}}</ref> The hottest temperature extreme of {{convert|46.6|C|F|0}} was registered by the weather station at [[Seville Airport]] on 23 July 1995 while the coldest temperature extreme of {{convert|-5.5|C|F|0}} was also registered by the airport weather station on 12 February 1956.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aemet.es/es/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/efemerides_extremos*?w=0&k=and&l=5783&datos=det&x=5783&m=13&v=todos |title=Sevilla Aeropuerto: Sevilla Aeropuerto - Valores extremos absolutos - Selector - Agencia Estatal de Meteorología - AEMET. Gobierno de España |language=es|website=Aemet.es |access-date=3 April 2022}}</ref> A historical record high (disputed) of {{convert|50.0|C|F|0}} was recorded on 4 August 1881, according to the [[NOAA]] Satellite and Information Service.<ref>{{cite web|title=Highest Temperature Extremes|url=http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/globalextremes.html|publisher=NOAA Satellite and Information Service|access-date=29 August 2012|archive-date=28 November 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131128084534/http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/globalextremes.html}}</ref> There is an unaccredited record by the National Institute of Meteorology of {{convert|47.2|C|F|0}} on 1 August during the [[2003 European heat wave|2003 heat wave]], according to a weather station (83910 LEZL) located in the southern part of Seville Airport, near the former US San Pablo Air Force Base. This temperature would be one of the highest ever recorded in Spain, yet it hasn't been officially confirmed.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.asociacionceat.org/a/paginas/gore-sevilla_pl56.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://www.asociacionceat.org/a/paginas/gore-sevilla_pl56.pdf |archive-date=9 October 2022 |url-status=live |title=Bomberos de Sevilla. Alta protección y confort bajo condiciones climatológicas extremas. |language=es|website=asociacionceat.org |access-date=3 April 2022}}</ref>

The average sunshine hours in Seville are approximately 3250-3300 per year. Snowfall is virtually unknown. Since the year 1500, only 10 snowfalls have been recorded/reported in Seville. During the 20th century, Seville registered just 2 snowfalls, the last one on 2 February 1954.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sevilla.abc.es/sevilla/20140203/sevi-aniversario-nevada-sevilla-201402021916.html|title=Sevilla cumple sesenta años sin ver la nieve en sus calles|website=ABC|location=Spain|date=2 February 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://foro.tiempo.com/ultimas-10-nevadas-sobre-sevilla-t5323.0.html|title=Últimas 10 nevadas sobre Sevilla|website=Foro de Tiempo.com|access-date=7 October 2018}}</ref>
* Winters are mild: December and January are the coolest months, with average maximum temperatures around {{convert|16|to|18|C|F|0}} and minimums of {{convert|6|to|7|C|F|0}}.
* Summers are very hot: July and August are the hottest months, with average maximum temperatures around {{convert|36|C|F|0}} and minimums of {{convert|21|C|F|0}}.
* The average yearly [[Precipitation (meteorology)|precipitation]] is of {{convert|502|mm|1|abbr=on}} and there are around 50 rainy days per year, with frequent [[torrential rain]]. December is the wettest month, with an average rainfall around {{convert|80|mm|in|1}}.

{{Weather box
| location = [[Seville Airport]] (1991-2020), extremes (1941–present)
| metric first = yes
| single line = yes
| Jan record high C = 24.2
| Feb record high C = 28.0
| Mar record high C = 32.9
| Apr record high C = 36.9
| May record high C = 41.0
| Jun record high C = 45.2
| Jul record high C = 46.6
| Aug record high C = 45.9
| Sep record high C = 44.8
| Oct record high C = 37.4
| Nov record high C = 31.2
| Dec record high C = 24.5
| year record high C =
| Jan high C = 16.3
| Feb high C = 18.3
| Mar high C = 21.6
| Apr high C = 24.0
| May high C = 28.2
| Jun high C = 32.9
| Jul high C = 36.3
| Aug high C = 36.2
| Sep high C = 31.6
| Oct high C = 26.3
| Nov high C = 20.3
| Dec high C = 16.9
| year high C =
| Jan mean C = 11.2
| Feb mean C = 12.7
| Mar mean C = 15.6
| Apr mean C = 17.8
| May mean C = 21.6
| Jun mean C = 25.7
| Jul mean C = 28.5
| Aug mean C = 28.6
| Sep mean C = 25.0
| Oct mean C = 20.6
| Nov mean C = 15.2
| Dec mean C = 12.2
| year mean C =
| Jan low C = 6.0
| Feb low C = 7.0
| Mar low C = 9.5
| Apr low C = 11.6
| May low C = 14.9
| Jun low C = 18.5
| Jul low C = 20.7
| Aug low C = 20.9
| Sep low C = 18.4
| Oct low C = 14.9
| Nov low C = 10.1
| Dec low C = 7.4
| Jan record low C = -4.4
| Feb record low C = -5.5
| Mar record low C = -2.0
| Apr record low C = 1.0
| May record low C = 3.8
| Jun record low C = 8.4
| Jul record low C = 11.4
| Aug record low C = 12.0
| Sep record low C = 8.6
| Oct record low C = 2.0
| Nov record low C = -1.4
| Dec record low C = -4.8
| year record low C = -5.5
| year low C =
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 56.3
| Feb precipitation mm = 46.2
| Mar precipitation mm = 46.9
| Apr precipitation mm = 51.5
| May precipitation mm = 33.9
| Jun precipitation mm = 5.8
| Jul precipitation mm = 0.6
| Aug precipitation mm = 2.5
| Sep precipitation mm = 33.1
| Oct precipitation mm = 75.4
| Nov precipitation mm = 72.6
| Dec precipitation mm = 77.2
| year precipitation mm =
| Jan precipitation days = 5.9
| Feb precipitation days = 5.3
| Mar precipitation days = 5.5
| Apr precipitation days = 6.0
| May precipitation days = 4.2
| Jun precipitation days = 1.0
| Jul precipitation days = 0.1
| Aug precipitation days = 0.4
| Sep precipitation days = 2.8
| Oct precipitation days = 6.3
| Nov precipitation days = 6.1
| Dec precipitation days = 6.5
| year precipitation days =
| unit precipitation days = 1 mm
| Jan humidity = 73
| Feb humidity = 66
| Mar humidity = 61
| Apr humidity = 57
| May humidity = 51
| Jun humidity = 45
| Jul humidity = 42
| Aug humidity = 45
| Sep humidity = 53
| Oct humidity = 62
| Nov humidity = 70
| Dec humidity = 74
| year humidity =
| Jan sun = 189
| Feb sun = 198
| Mar sun = 229
| Apr sun = 255
| May sun = 307
| Jun sun = 339
| Jul sun = 369
| Aug sun = 347
| Sep sun = 261
| Oct sun = 229
| Nov sun = 192
| Dec sun = 174
| year sun =
| Jan percentsun = 62
| Feb percentsun = 65
| Mar percentsun = 62
| Apr percentsun = 64
| May percentsun = 70
| Jun percentsun = 77
| Jul percentsun = 82
| Aug percentsun = 83
| Sep percentsun = 70
| Oct percentsun = 66
| Nov percentsun = 63
| Dec percentsun = 58
| year percentsun =
| source 1 = [[Agencia Estatal de Meteorologia]] (AEMET OpenData)<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.aemet.es/es/datos_abiertos/AEMET_OpenData | title=AEMET OpeenData |publisher=[[Agencia Estatal de Meteorologia]] |access-date=12 May 2024 }}</ref>
| source =
}}

{{Weather box
| location = [[Seville Airport]] (1981–2010)
| metric first = yes
| single line = yes
| collapsed = yes
| Jan high C = 16.2
| Feb high C = 18.1
| Mar high C = 21.9
| Apr high C = 23.4
| May high C = 27.2
| Jun high C = 32.2
| Jul high C = 36.0
| Aug high C = 35.5
| Sep high C = 31.7
| Oct high C = 26.0
| Nov high C = 20.2
| Dec high C = 16.6
| year high C = 25.4
| Jan mean C = 11.0
| Feb mean C = 12.5
| Mar mean C = 15.6
| Apr mean C = 17.3
| May mean C = 20.7
| Jun mean C = 25.1
| Jul mean C = 28.2
| Aug mean C = 27.9
| Sep mean C = 25.0
| Oct mean C = 20.2
| Nov mean C = 15.1
| Dec mean C = 11.9
| year mean C = 19.2
| Jan low C = 5.7
| Feb low C = 7.0
| Mar low C = 9.2
| Apr low C = 11.1
| May low C = 14.2
| Jun low C = 18.0
| Jul low C = 20.3
| Aug low C = 20.4
| Sep low C = 18.2
| Oct low C = 14.4
| Nov low C = 10.0
| Dec low C = 7.3
| year low C = 13.0
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 66
| Feb precipitation mm = 50
| Mar precipitation mm = 36
| Apr precipitation mm = 54
| May precipitation mm = 31
| Jun precipitation mm = 10
| Jul precipitation mm = 2
| Aug precipitation mm = 5
| Sep precipitation mm = 27
| Oct precipitation mm = 68
| Nov precipitation mm = 91
| Dec precipitation mm = 99
| year precipitation mm = 539
| Jan precipitation days = 6.1
| Feb precipitation days = 5.8
| Mar precipitation days = 4.3
| Apr precipitation days = 6.1
| May precipitation days = 3.7
| Jun precipitation days = 1.3
| Jul precipitation days = 0.2
| Aug precipitation days = 0.5
| Sep precipitation days = 2.4
| Oct precipitation days = 6.1
| Nov precipitation days = 6.4
| Dec precipitation days = 7.5
| year precipitation days = 50.5
| unit precipitation days = 1 mm
| Jan humidity = 71
| Feb humidity = 67
| Mar humidity = 59
| Apr humidity = 57
| May humidity = 53
| Jun humidity = 48
| Jul humidity = 44
| Aug humidity = 48
| Sep humidity = 54
| Oct humidity = 62
| Nov humidity = 70
| Dec humidity = 74
| year humidity = 59
| Jan sun = 183
| Feb sun = 189
| Mar sun = 220
| Apr sun = 238
| May sun = 293
| Jun sun = 317
| Jul sun = 354
| Aug sun = 328
| Sep sun = 244
| Oct sun = 217
| Nov sun = 181
| Dec sun = 154
| year sun = 2918
| source 1 = [[Agencia Estatal de Meteorología]]<ref name="AEMET">{{cite web|title=Valores climatológicos normales. Sevilla Aeropuerto|url=http://www.aemet.es/es/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/valoresclimatologicos?l=5783&k=and|publisher=[[AEMET]]|access-date=21 December 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Valores extremos. Sevilla Aeropuerto|url=https://www.aemet.es/es/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/efemerides_extremos*?w=0&k=and&l=5783&datos=det&x=5783&m=13&v=todos|publisher=[[AEMET]]|access-date=21 December 2021}}</ref>
| date = August 2023
| source =
}}