Editing Scottish Gaelic (section)

=== Preservation and revitalization ===
[[Scottish Gaelic-medium education|Gaelic Medium Education]] is one of the primary ways that the Scottish Government is addressing Gaelic language shift. Along with the Bòrd na Gàidhlig policies, preschool and daycare environments are also being used to create more opportunities for intergenerational language transmission in the Outer Hebrides.<ref name="McEwan-Fujita-2022">{{Cite book |last=McEwan-Fujita |first=Emily |title=The Edinburgh Companion to the Gaelic Language |chapter-url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9780748637102-013/html |chapter=9. Sociolinguistic Ethnography of Gaelic Communities |date=2022-03-02 |pages=172–217 |publisher=Edinburgh University Press |isbn=978-0-7486-3710-2 |language=en |doi=10.1515/9780748637102-013 |access-date=19 December 2022 |archive-date=19 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221219230007/https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9780748637102-013/html |url-status=live }}</ref> &nbsp;However, revitalization efforts are not unified within Scotland or Nova Scotia, Canada.<ref name="Mcewan-Fujita-2005">{{Cite journal |last=Mcewan-Fujita |first=Emily |date=2005-01-01 |title=Neoliberalism and Minority-Language Planning in the Highlands and Islands of Scotland |journal=International Journal of the Sociology of Language |url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/ijsl.2005.2005.171.155/html |language=en |issue=171 |pages=155–171 |doi=10.1515/ijsl.2005.2005.171.155 |s2cid=144370832 |issn=1613-3668 |access-date=19 December 2022 |archive-date=19 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221219230010/https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/ijsl.2005.2005.171.155/html |url-status=live }}</ref> One can attend [[Sabhal Mòr Ostaig]], a national centre for Gaelic Language and Culture, based in [[Sleat]], on the [[Isle of Skye]]. This institution is the only source for higher education which is conducted entirely in Scottish Gaelic.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dachaigh – Sabhal Mòr Ostaig |url=https://www.smo.uhi.ac.uk/ |access-date=2022-12-19 |website=www.smo.uhi.ac.uk |language=gd-GB |archive-date=19 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221219230001/https://www.smo.uhi.ac.uk/ |url-status=live }}</ref> They offer courses for Gaelic learners from beginners into fluency. They also offer regular bachelors and graduate programs delivered entirely in Gaelic. Concerns have been raised around the fluency achieved by learners within these language programs because they are disconnected from vernacular speech communities.<ref name="McEWAN-FUJITA-2010">{{Cite journal |last=McEWAN-FUJITA |first=Emily |date=2010-01-15 |title=Ideology, affect, and socialization in language shift and revitalization: The experiences of adults learning Gaelic in the Western Isles of Scotland |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0047404509990649/type/journal_article |journal=Language in Society |language=en |volume=39 |issue=1 |pages=27–64 |doi=10.1017/S0047404509990649 |s2cid=145694600 |issn=0047-4045}}</ref><ref name="Ó Giollagáin-2020">{{Cite book |last=Ó Giollagáin |first=Conchúr |url=https://doi.org/10.57132/mpub.14497417 |title=The Gaelic crisis in the vernacular community : a comprehensive sociolinguistic survey of Scottish Gaelic |date=2020 |publisher=Aberdeen University Press |others=Gòrdan Camshron, Pàdruig Moireach, Brian Ó Curnáin, Iain Caimbeul, Brian MacDonald, Tamás Péterváry |isbn=978-1-85752-080-4 |location=Aberdeen, Scotland |doi=10.57132/mpub.14497417 |oclc=1144113424 |access-date=19 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231117111555/https://search.worldcat.org/title/1144113424 |archive-date=17 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> In regard to language revitalization planning efforts, many feel that the initiatives must come from within Gaelic speaking communities, be led by Gaelic speakers, and be designed to serve and increase fluency within the vernacular communities as the first and most viable resistance to total language shift from Gaelic to English.<ref name="Mcewan-Fujita-2005" /><ref name="McEWAN-FUJITA-2010" /> Currently, language policies are focused on creating new language speakers through education, instead of focused on how to strengthen intergenerational transmission within existing Gaelic speaking communities.<ref name="Mcewan-Fujita-2005" />