Editing Schuyler Colfax (section)

===Election of 1868===
{{further|1868 Republican National Convention|1868 United States presidential election}}
[[File:Grant-Colfax.png|thumb|right|Grant Colfax 1868 Campaign Poster]]
During the 1868 Republican Convention the Republicans nominated [[Ulysses S. Grant]] for president.<ref name=iron>{{cite book |last=Bain |first=David Haward |title=The Old Iron Road: An Epic of Rails, Roads, and the Urge to Go West |publisher=Penguin Books |year=2004 |location=New York City |pages=65–6 |isbn=0-14-303526-6}}</ref> Known as "Smiler Colfax", Colfax was popular among Republicans for his friendly character, party loyalty, and Radical views on [[Reconstruction Era|Reconstruction]], and he was selected for vice president on the fifth ballot.<ref name=IJHOF_1966>Joseph E. Delgatto, [http://indianajournalismhof.org/1966/01/schuyler-colfax/ Indiana Journal Hall of Fame], Schuyler Colfax 1966</ref> Grant won the general election, and Colfax was elected the 17th Vice President of the United States.

On March 3, 1869, the final full day of the 40th Congress, Colfax, who was to be [[Oath of office of the Vice President of the United States|sworn into office]] as vice president the next day, resigned as speaker. Immediately afterward, the House passed a motion declaring [[Theodore Pomeroy]] duly elected speaker in place of Colfax. In office for one day, Pomeroy's tenure is the shortest of any speaker of the U.S. House.<ref>{{cite web| title=The shortest period of service for a Speaker on record: March 03, 1869| url=https://history.house.gov/HistoricalHighlight/Detail/35841?ret=True| work=Historical Highlights| publisher=Office of the Historian, U.S. House of Representatives| location=Washington, D.C.| access-date=March 20, 2019}}</ref>