Editing Scandium (section)

=== Uncommon oxidation states ===

Compounds that feature scandium in oxidation states other than +3 are rare but well characterized. The blue-black compound {{chem2|CsScCl3}} is one of the simplest. This material adopts a sheet-like structure that exhibits extensive bonding between the scandium(II) centers.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Corbett|first=J. D.|date=1981|title=Extended metal-metal bonding in halides of the early transition metals |journal=Accounts of Chemical Research|volume=14|pages=239–246|doi= 10.1021/ar00068a003|issue=8}}</ref> [[Scandium hydride]] is not well understood, although it appears not to be a [[hydride|saline hydride]] of Sc(II).<ref name="McGuire" /> As is observed for most elements, a diatomic scandium hydride has been observed spectroscopically at high temperatures in the gas phase.<ref name="Smith" /> Scandium borides and carbides are [[non-stoichiometric compound|non-stoichiometric]], as is typical for neighboring elements.<ref name="Holleman">Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. "Inorganic Chemistry" Academic Press: San Diego, 2001. {{ISBN|0-12-352651-5}}.</ref>

Lower oxidation states (+2, +1, 0) have also been observed in organoscandium compounds.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Polly L. Arnold|author2=F. Geoffrey|author3=N. Cloke|author4=Peter B. Hitchcock|author5=John F. Nixon|name-list-style=amp|date=1996|title=The First Example of a Formal Scandium(I) Complex: Synthesis and Molecular Structure of a 22-Electron Scandium Triple Decker Incorporating the Novel 1,3,5-Triphosphabenzene Ring |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society|volume=118|issue=32|pages=7630–7631|doi= 10.1021/ja961253o|bibcode=1996JAChS.118.7630A }}</ref><ref name="Cloke1991"/><ref>{{cite journal|display-authors=5|author=Ana Mirela Neculai|author2=Dante Neculai|author3=Herbert W. Roesky|author4=Jörg Magull|author5=Marc Baldus|author6=Ovidiu Andronesi|author7=Martin Jansen|date=2002|title=Stabilization of a Diamagnetic Sc<sup>I</sup>Br Molecule in a Sandwich-Like Structure |journal=Organometallics|volume=21|pages=2590–2592|doi= 10.1021/om020090b|issue=13}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|author=Polly L. Arnold|author2=F. Geoffrey|author3=N. Cloke|author4=John F. Nixon|name-list-style=amp |date=1998|title=The first stable scandocene: synthesis and characterisation of bis(η-2,4,5-tri-tert-butyl-1,3-diphosphacyclopentadienyl)scandium(II) |journal= Chemical Communications|issue=7|pages=797–798|doi= 10.1039/A800089A}}</ref>