Editing Sandstone (section)

==Uses==
[[File:SydneyUniversity MainBuilding Panorama.jpg|thumb|upright=1.4|alt=A panoramic photograph of the Quadrangle|The Main Quadrangle of the [[University of Sydney]], a so-called [[Sandstone universities|sandstone university]] ]]
[[File:MariaImmaculatal Augustiner.jpg|thumb|upright=0.5|Sandstone statue ''Maria Immaculata'' by Fidelis Sporer, around 1770, in [[Freiburg]], Germany ]]
[[File:Lampe a graisse - Lascaux.jpg|thumb|upright|17,000 yr old sandstone [[oil lamp]] discovered at the caves of [[Lascaux]], France ]]

Sandstone has been used since prehistoric times for construction,<ref>{{cite book |last1=Applegate |first1=Alex |last2=Zedeño |first2=Nieves |title=Holocene Settlement of the Egyptian Sahara |chapter=Site E-92-8: A Late Prehistoric C-Group Component at Nabta Playa |date=2001 |pages=529–533 |doi=10.1007/978-1-4615-0653-9_19|isbn=978-1-4613-5178-8 }}</ref><ref name="The Calderstones">{{cite web |last=Royden |first=Mike |title=The Calderstones |publisher=Mike Royden |url=http://www.btinternet.com/~m.royden/mrlhp/local/calders/calders.htm |accessdate=2009-07-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080725022240/http://www.btinternet.com/~m.royden/mrlhp/local/calders/calders.htm|archive-date=2008-07-25}}</ref> decorative art works<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bahn |first1=Paul G. |title=The Cambridge illustrated history of prehistoric art |date=1998 |publisher=New York |location=Cambridge, U.K. |isbn=978-0521454735 |page=84}}</ref> and tools.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Smith |first1=Kevin N. |last2=Vellanoweth |first2=René L. |last3=Sholts |first3=Sabrina B. |last4=Wärmländer |first4=Sebastian K.T.S. |title=Residue analysis, use-wear patterns, and replicative studies indicate that sandstone tools were used as reamers when producing shell fishhooks on San Nicolas Island, California |journal=Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports |date=August 2018 |volume=20 |pages=502–505 |doi=10.1016/j.jasrep.2018.05.011|bibcode=2018JArSR..20..502S |doi-access=free }}</ref> It has been widely employed around the world in constructing temples,<ref name="Study and consolidation of sandston">{{cite journal |last1=Saleh |first1=Saleh A. |last2=Helmi |first2=Fatma M. |last3=Kamal |first3=Monir M. |last4=E. El-Banna-a1 |first4=Abdel-Fattah |title=Study and consolidation of sandstone: Temple of Karnak, Luxor, Egypt |journal=Studies in Conservation |date=May 1992 |volume=37 |issue=2 |pages=93–104 |doi=10.1179/sic.1992.37.2.93}}</ref> churches,<ref name="Study and consolidation of sandston"/> homes and other buildings, and in [[civil engineering]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Grissom |first1=Carol A. |last2=Aloiz |first2=Emily M. |last3=Vicenzi |first3=Edward P. |last4=Livingston |first4=Richard A. |title=Seneca sandstone: a heritage stone from the USA |journal=Geological Society, London, Special Publications |date=2020 |volume=486 |issue=1 |pages=163–176 |doi=10.1144/SP486.4|bibcode=2020GSLSP.486..163G |s2cid=134230768 }}</ref>

Although its resistance to [[weathering]] varies, sandstone is easy to work. That makes it a common [[building material|building]] and [[pavement (material)|paving]] material, including in [[asphalt concrete]]. However, some types that have been used in the past, such as the [[Collyhurst sandstone]] used in [[North West England]], have had poor long-term weather resistance, necessitating repair and replacement in older buildings.<ref>[http://www.sci-eng.mmu.ac.uk/manchester_stone/images.asp?page1=2&vartype=building&id=&offset=0# Edensor, T. & Drew, I. ''Building stone in the City of Manchester: St Ann's Church''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160611202432/http://www.sci-eng.mmu.ac.uk/manchester_stone/images.asp?page1=2&vartype=building&id=&offset=0 |date=2016-06-11 }}. Sci-eng.mmu.ac.uk. Retrieved on 2012-05-11.</ref> Because of the hardness of individual grains, uniformity of grain size and [[friability]] of their structure, some types of sandstone are excellent materials from which to make [[grindstone (tool)|grindstones]], for sharpening blades and other implements.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hannibal |first1=Joseph T. |title=Berea sandstone: A heritage stone of international significance from Ohio, USA |journal=Geological Society, London, Special Publications |date=2020 |volume=486 |issue=1 |pages=177–204 |doi=10.1144/SP486-2019-33|bibcode=2020GSLSP.486..177H |s2cid=210265062 }}</ref> Non-friable sandstone can be used to make grindstones for grinding grain, e.g., [[gritstone]].

A type of pure quartz sandstone, orthoquartzite, with more of 90–95 percent of quartz,<ref>{{Cite web|title = Definition of orthoquartzite – mindat.org glossary|url = http://www.mindat.org/glossary/orthoquartzite|website = www.mindat.org|access-date = 2015-12-13}}</ref> has been proposed for nomination to the [[Global Heritage Stone Resource]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url = http://www.segemar.gov.ar/bibliotecaintemin/LIBROSDIGITALES/GeologicalSocietyLondonSpecialPublications2014CraveroSP4079.pdf|title = 'Piedra Mar del Plata': An Argentine orthoquartzite worthy of being considered as a 'Global Heritage Stone Resource'|date = 8 July 2014|access-date = 3 April 2015|publisher = Geological Society, London|last = Cravero|first = Fernanda |display-authors=et al |url-status = dead|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150409151134/http://www.segemar.gov.ar/bibliotecaintemin/LIBROSDIGITALES/GeologicalSocietyLondonSpecialPublications2014CraveroSP4079.pdf|archive-date = 9 April 2015}}</ref> In some regions of Argentina, the orthoquartzite-stoned [[facade|façade]] is one of the main features of the [[Mar del Plata style]] bungalows.<ref name=":0" />