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==Reserve components== Russian Armed Forces have reserves ([[Russian language|Russian]]: запас; [[transliteration]]: zapas) which includes 2 components:<ref name="Law53-FZ"/> * Active reserve – Mobilization human reserve ([[Russian language|Russian]]: мобилизационный людской резерв; [[transliteration]]: mobilizatsionnyy lyudskoy reserv) * Inactive reserve – Mobilization human resource ([[Russian language|Russian]]: мобилизационный людской ресурс; [[transliteration]]: mobilizatsionnyy lyudskoy resurs) By default, at the end of [[active duty]] each military personnel is enrolled as a [[Military reserve|mobilization human resource]]. This applies equally to [[Conscription|conscripts]] and [[Military volunteer|volunteers]] regardless of [[Military ranks|ranks]]. Furthermore, graduates of civilian institutions of higher education, who have graduated the [[Military training centers of civilian universities (Russia)|military training centers]] of their almae matres, trained under [[Reserve Officer Training in Russia|reserve officer program]], are enrolled as mobilization Human Resources after their [[Commission (document)|promotion]] to [[Officer (armed forces)|officer's]] rank (unlike graduates of such centers, trained under [[active duty]] officer program, who are due to be enrolled for [[active duty]] after their promotion to [[Officer (armed forces)|officer's]] rank). Mobilization human resource are replenished with males who reach the age of 27 years old and were not in [[military service]] for any reason. Enrolling in the [[Military reserve force|mobilization human reserve]] is voluntary and implies the special contract. This possibility is available for each persons, who is in the mobilization human resource already.<ref>{{cite act|type=Decree|index=933|date=3 September 2015|legislature=[[Government of Russia]]|title=Об утверждении Положения о порядке пребывания граждан Российской Федерации в мобилизационном людском резерве|language=ru|url=http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?searchres=&bpas=cd00000&a3=&a3type=1&a3value=&a6=&a6type=1&a6value=&a15=&a15type=1&a15value=&a7type=1&a7from=&a7to=&a7date=03.09.2015&a8=933&a8type=1&a1=&a0=&a16=&a16type=1&a16value=&a17=&a17type=1&a17value=&a4=&a4type=1&a4value=&a23=&a23type=1&a23value=&textpres=&sort=7&x=54&y=18}} {{Cite web |url=http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?searchres=&bpas=cd00000&a3=&a3type=1&a3value=&a6=&a6type=1&a6value=&a15=&a15type=1&a15value=&a7type=1&a7from=&a7to=&a7date=03.09.2015&a8=933&a8type=1&a1=&a0=&a16=&a16type=1&a16value=&a17=&a17type=1&a17value=&a4=&a4type=1&a4value=&a23=&a23type=1&a23value=&textpres=&sort=7&x=54&y=18 |title=Законодательство России. Поиск: Дата принятия 03.09.2015 Номер начинается на '933' |access-date=26 April 2024 |archive-date=28 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728121312/http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?searchres=&bpas=cd00000&a3=&a3type=1&a3value=&a6=&a6type=1&a6value=&a15=&a15type=1&a15value=&a7type=1&a7from=&a7to=&a7date=03.09.2015&a8=933&a8type=1&a1=&a0=&a16=&a16type=1&a16value=&a17=&a17type=1&a17value=&a4=&a4type=1&a4value=&a23=&a23type=1&a23value=&textpres=&sort=7&x=54&y=18 |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> The initial contract is concluded for 3 years period. Military personnel of mobilization human reserve (reservists) perform part-time duties in military units.<ref>{{cite news|last=Vorobyeva|first=Olga|date=8 October 2017|title=Под ружьё по первому зову|language=ru|work=[[Krasnaya Zvezda]]|url=http://archive.redstar.ru/index.php/component/k2/item/34669-pod-ruzhjo-po-pervomu-zovu|access-date=14 March 2020|archive-date=22 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122192658/http://archive.redstar.ru/index.php/component/k2/item/34669-pod-ruzhjo-po-pervomu-zovu|url-status=live}}</ref> Reservists are appointed to a military position in particular military units and are involved in all operational, mobilization, and combat activities of these military units. As a rule, in peacetime time reservists perform their duties 2–3 days per month and during an annual military camp training of 20 to 30 days.<ref name="izru13feb18">{{cite news|last1=Stepovoy|first1=Bogdan|last2=Ramm|first2=Alexey|last3=Andreev|first3=Yevgeniy|date=13 February 2018|title=В резерв по контракту|language=ru|work=[[Izvestia]]|url=https://iz.ru/706732/bogdan-stepovoi-aleksei-ramm-evgenii-andreev/v-rezerv-po-kontraktu|access-date=14 March 2020|archive-date=13 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213095314/https://iz.ru/706732/bogdan-stepovoi-aleksei-ramm-evgenii-andreev/v-rezerv-po-kontraktu|url-status=live}}</ref> The exact number of reservists is unknown because a relevant paragraph of the [[President of Russia|Presidential]] Decree<ref>{{cite act|type=Decree|index=370|date=17 July 2015|legislature=[[President of Russia]]|title=О создании мобилизационного людского резерва Вооружённых Сил Российской Федерации|language=ru|url=http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?searchres=&bpas=cd00000&a3=102000503&a3type=1&a3value=&a6=102000070&a6type=1&a6value=&a15=&a15type=1&a15value=&a7type=1&a7from=&a7to=&a7date=17.07.2015&a8=370&a8type=1&a1=&a0=&a16=&a16type=1&a16value=&a17=&a17type=1&a17value=&a4=&a4type=1&a4value=&a23=&a23type=1&a23value=&textpres=&sort=7&x=70&y=5}} {{Cite web |url=http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?searchres=&bpas=cd00000&a3=102000503&a3type=1&a3value=&a6=102000070&a6type=1&a6value=&a15=&a15type=1&a15value=&a7type=1&a7from=&a7to=&a7date=17.07.2015&a8=370&a8type=1&a1=&a0=&a16=&a16type=1&a16value=&a17=&a17type=1&a17value=&a4=&a4type=1&a4value=&a23=&a23type=1&a23value=&textpres=&sort=7&x=70&y=5 |title=Законодательство России. Поиск: Указ Президент Дата принятия 17.07.2015 Номер начинается на |access-date=26 April 2024 |archive-date=17 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917124525/http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?searchres=&bpas=cd00000&a3=102000503&a3type=1&a3value=&a6=102000070&a6type=1&a6value=&a15=&a15type=1&a15value=&a7type=1&a7from=&a7to=&a7date=17.07.2015&a8=370&a8type=1&a1=&a0=&a16=&a16type=1&a16value=&a17=&a17type=1&a17value=&a4=&a4type=1&a4value=&a23=&a23type=1&a23value=&textpres=&sort=7&x=70&y=5 |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> which determines the number of reserve troops is classified. The military units manned by reservists are determined by [[General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation]], and this information is classified too. The persons who are in mobilization human resource (non-reservists) may be enlisted to military camp trainings in peacetime. The duration of each training can not exceed 2 months, herewith the total duration of such trainings for the entire period of being in mobilization human resource can not exceed 12 months, and a person may be enlisted in such training no more than once every three years.<ref>{{cite news|author=<!--Staff writer(s)/no by-line.-->|date=20 November 2019|title=Как оплачивается период нахождения на военных сборах?|language=ru|work=[[Argumenty i Fakty]]|url=https://aif.ru/society/army/kak_oplachivaetsya_period_nahozhdeniya_na_voennyh_sborah|access-date=14 March 2020|archive-date=25 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191125062209/https://aif.ru/society/army/kak_oplachivaetsya_period_nahozhdeniya_na_voennyh_sborah|url-status=live}}</ref> As of 2009, the number of citizens who can be used for mobilization deployment on an involuntary basis in the case of wartime mobilization was estimated at 31 million.<ref>{{cite book|last=Chuprin|first=Konstantin|date=2009|title=Вооружённые силы стран СНГ и Балтии. Справочник|language=ru|trans-title=Armed forces of CIS countries and Baltic states. Handbook|editor-last1=Taras|editor-first1=Anatoliy|location=Moscow|publisher=Современная школа|isbn=978-985-513-617-1}}</ref> Reservists are subject to mobilization in wartime first of all. Non-reservists are subject to mobilization secondarily. The mobilization of non-reservists is carried out by taking into account the age category under the article 53 of Federal Law of 28 March 1998, No.53-FZ "About military duty and military service": in order from first category to third category.<ref name=":0">{{cite news|last=Gavrilov|first=Yuriy|date=4 April 2014|title=Военным добавили пять лет|language=ru|work=[[Rossiyskaya Gazeta]]|url=https://rg.ru/2014/04/02/vozrast-site-anons.html|access-date=14 March 2020|archive-date=31 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190331152140/https://rg.ru/2014/04/02/vozrast-site-anons.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite news|author=<!--Staff writer(s)/no by-line.-->|date=4 April 2014|title=Федеральный закон от 2 апреля 2014 года №64-ФЗ "О внесении изменений в статьи 49 и 53 Федерального закона "О воинской обязанности и военной службе""|language=ru|work=[[Rossiyskaya Gazeta]]|url=https://rg.ru/2014/04/04/armiya-dok.html|access-date=14 March 2020|archive-date=7 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807181705/https://rg.ru/2014/04/04/armiya-dok.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The first category includes: 1) the persons at the any military rank below that of a commissioned officer ([[Enlisted rank|enlisted personnel]]) and not reached the age of 35 years old; 2) the persons at the any rank from [[junior lieutenant]] to [[Captain (armed forces)|captain]] ([[Captain lieutenant|captain-lieutenant]] in naval service) inclusively (junior [[Officer (armed forces)#Commission sources and training|commissioned officers]]) and not reached the age of 50 years old; 3) the persons at the any rank from [[Major (rank)|major]] ([[captain 3rd rank]] in naval service) to [[lieutenant colonel]] ([[captain 2nd rank]] in naval service) inclusively and not reached the age of 55 years old; 4) the persons at the rank of [[colonel]] ([[captain 1st rank]] in naval service) and not reached the age of 60 years old; 5) the persons at the rank of [[major general]] ([[counter admiral]] in naval service) or higher (supreme officers) and not reached the age of 65 years old.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> The second category includes: 1) enlisted personnel in age from 35 but less than 45; 2) junior commissioned officers in the age from 50 but less than 55; 3) commissioned officers at the any rank from major (captain 3rd rank in naval service) to lieutenant colonel (captain 2nd rank in naval service) inclusively in the age from 55 but less than 60; 4) commissioned officers at the rank of colonel (captain 1st rank in naval service) in the age from 60 but less than 65; 5) supreme officers in age from 65 but less than 70.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> The third category includes: 1) enlisted personnel in the age from 45 but less than 50; 2) junior commissioned officers in the age from 55 but less than 60; 3) commissioned officers at the any rank from major (captain 3rd rank in naval service) to lieutenant colonel (captain 2nd rank in naval service) inclusively in the age from 60 but less than 65; 4) all females in the age less than 45 for enlisted personnel and less than 50 for commissioned officers. The person who has reached the age limit, established for the third category (the second category for persons at the rank of colonel (captain 1st rank in naval service) or higher), is retired and is not subject to mobilization.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> {| class="wikitable" |+ Age limits in the reserve component of Russian Armed Forces (males)<ref name="Law53-FZ"/> |- ! rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | Military rank ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | Mobilization human reserve ! colspan="3" style="text-align: center; width: 450px;" | Mobilization human resource |- ! style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | Age limit for signing first contract ! style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | Age limit for tenure ! style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | First grade<br />Age limit ! style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | Second grade<br />Age limit ! style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | Third grade<br />Age limit |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Marshal of the Russian Federation]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 65 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 70 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Army general (Russia)|Army general]]/[[Admiral of the fleet (Russia)|Admiral of the fleet]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 65 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 70 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Colonel general]]/[[Admiral]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 65 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 70 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Lieutenant general]]/[[Vice admiral]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 65 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 70 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Major general]]/[[Counter admiral]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 65 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 70 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Colonel]]/[[Captain 1st rank]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 57 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 65 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 60 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 65 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Lieutenant colonel]]/[[Captain 2nd rank]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 52 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 60 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 55 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 60 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 65 |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Major (rank)|Major]]/[[Captain 3rd rank]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 52 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 60 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 55 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 60 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 65 |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Captain (armed forces)|Captain]]/[[Captain lieutenant]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 47 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 55 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 50 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 55 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 60 |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Senior lieutenant]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 47 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 55 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 50 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 55 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 60 |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Lieutenant]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 47 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 55 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 50 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 55 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 60 |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Junior lieutenant]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 47 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 55 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 50 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 55 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 60 |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Starshy praporshchik|Senior praporshchik]]/[[Starshy michman|Senior michman]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 42 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 45 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 35 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 45 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 50 |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Praporshchik]]/[[Michman]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 42 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 45 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 35 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 45 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 50 |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Starshina]]/[[Glavny starshina of the ship|Chief ship starshina]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 42 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 45 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 35 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 45 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 50 |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Senior sergeant]]/[[Glavny starshina|Chief starshina]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 42 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 45 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 35 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 45 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 50 |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Sergeant]]/[[Starshina 1st class]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 42 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 45 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 35 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 45 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 50 |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Junior sergeant]]/[[Starshina 2nd class]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 42 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 45 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 35 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 45 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 50 |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Gefreiter]]/[[Leading seaman|Senior seaman]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 42 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 45 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 35 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 45 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 50 |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Private (rank)|Private]]/[[Seaman (rank)|Seaman]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 42 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 45 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 35 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 45 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 50 |- |} {| class="wikitable" |+ Age limits in the reserve component of Russian Armed Forces (females)<ref name="Law53-FZ"/> |- ! rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | Military rank ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | Mobilization human reserve ! colspan="3" style="text-align: center; width: 450px;" | Mobilization human resource |- ! style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | Age limit for signing first contract ! style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | Age limit for tenure ! style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | First grade<br />Age limit ! style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | Second grade<br />Age limit ! style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | Third grade<br />Age limit |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Marshal of the Russian Federation]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 50 |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Army general (Russia)|Army general]]/[[Admiral of the fleet (Russia)|Admiral of the fleet]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 50 |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Colonel general]]/[[Admiral]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 50 |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Lieutenant general]]/[[Vice admiral]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 50 |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Major general]]/[[Counter admiral]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 50 |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Colonel]]/[[Captain 1st rank]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 47 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 50 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 50 |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Lieutenant colonel]]/[[Captain 2nd rank]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 47 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 50 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 50 |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Major (rank)|Major]]/[[Captain 3rd rank]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 47 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 50 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 50 |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Captain (armed forces)|Captain]]/[[Captain lieutenant]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 47 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 50 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 50 |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Senior lieutenant]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 47 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 50 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 50 |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Lieutenant]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 47 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 50 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 50 |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Junior lieutenant]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 47 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 50 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 50 |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Starshy praporshchik|Senior praporshchik]]/[[Starshy michman|Senior michman]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 42 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 45 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 45 |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Praporshchik]]/[[Michman]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 42 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 45 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 45 |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Starshina]]/[[Glavny starshina of the ship|Chief ship starshina]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 42 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 45 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 45 |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Senior sergeant]]/[[Glavny starshina|Chief starshina]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 42 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 45 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 45 |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Sergeant]]/[[Starshina 1st class]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 42 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 45 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 45 |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Junior sergeant]]/[[Starshina 2nd class]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 42 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 45 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 45 |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Gefreiter]]/[[Leading seaman|Senior seaman]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 42 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 45 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 45 |- | style="text-align: center; width: 300px;" | [[Private (rank)|Private]]/[[Seaman (rank)|Seaman]] | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 42 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 45 | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | — | style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | 45 |- |} ===2005–2008 reform of the reserve officer training system=== [[Reserve Officer Training in Russia|The reserve officer training system]], inherited from the [[Soviet Union]], involved selective conscription of graduates of civilian institutions of higher education, who have graduated the [[Military departments of civilian universities (Soviet Union and post-Soviet area)|military departments]] of their almae matres and received a [[Commission (document)|commission]] as an [[Officer (armed forces)|officer]]. Such person could be conscripted from the reserve of armed forces to active duty, up until the age of 27. The period of active duty of such an officer was several years, and at the end of that period he was due to be enlisted in the reserve of armed forces again. Such officers were called "blazers" in the army's slang (for example, [[Anatoly Kvashnin]] was a "blazer").<ref>{{cite book|last=Troshev|first=Gennady|author-link=Gennady Troshev|date=2001|title=Моя война. Чеченский дневник окопного генерала|trans-title=My war. Chechen diary of trench general|language=ru|location=Moscow|publisher=Вагриус|isbn=5-264-00657-1}}</ref> In 2005, [[Minister of Defence (Russia)|Minister of Defence]] [[Sergei Ivanov]] announced a significant reduction in the number of military departments carrying out the training commissioned officers from students of civilian institutions of higher education.<ref>{{cite news|last=Karamayev|first=Sergey|date=1 July 2005|title=Чем меньше кафедр — тем крепче оборона. Министерство обороны хочет закрыть военные кафедры в российских вузах|language=ru|work=[[Lenta.ru]]|url=https://lenta.ru/articles/2005/06/30/genshtab/|access-date=11 September 2021|archive-date=20 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220230624/https://lenta.ru/articles/2005/06/30/genshtab/|url-status=live}}</ref> By March 2008, 168 of 235 civilian universities, academies and institutions which previously had military departments had lost these units.<ref name="rbc11mar08">{{cite news|author=<!--Staff writer(s)/no by-line.-->|date=11 March 2008|title=Названы вузы, в которых создадут военные центры|language=ru|work=[[RBK Group|RBK]]|url=https://www.rbc.ru/society/11/03/2008/5703cb909a79470eaf769a1c|access-date=11 September 2021|archive-date=28 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220228181139/https://www.rbc.ru/society/11/03/2008/5703cb909a79470eaf769a1c|url-status=live}}</ref> 37 of 67 civilian universities, academies and institutions which retained military departments became the basis for the establishment of new military training centers.<ref name="rbc11mar08" /> The military training centers focused on training officers for active duty, whilst the military departments focused on training officers for the reserve.<ref>{{cite act|type=Decree|index=152|date=6 March 2008|legislature=[[Government of Russia]]|title=Об обучении граждан Российской Федерации по программе военной подготовки в федеральных государственных образовательных организациях высшего образования|language=ru|url=http://www.pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?searchres=&bpas=cd00000&a3=102000496&a3type=1&a3value=&a6=102000066&a6type=1&a6value=&a15=&a15type=1&a15value=&a7type=1&a7from=&a7to=&a7date=06.03.2008&a8=152&a8type=1&a1=&a0=&a16=&a16type=1&a16value=&a17=&a17type=1&a17value=&a4=&a4type=1&a4value=&a23=&a23type=1&a23value=&textpres=&sort=7&x=72&y=20}} {{Cite web |url=http://www.pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?searchres=&bpas=cd00000&a3=102000496&a3type=1&a3value=&a6=102000066&a6type=1&a6value=&a15=&a15type=1&a15value=&a7type=1&a7from=&a7to=&a7date=06.03.2008&a8=152&a8type=1&a1=&a0=&a16=&a16type=1&a16value=&a17=&a17type=1&a17value=&a4=&a4type=1&a4value=&a23=&a23type=1&a23value=&textpres=&sort=7&x=72&y=20 |title=Законодательство России. Поиск: Постановление Правительство Дата принятия 06.03.2008 Номер начинается на '152' |access-date=11 September 2021 |archive-date=6 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220506003905/http://www.pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?searchres=&bpas=cd00000&a3=102000496&a3type=1&a3value=&a6=102000066&a6type=1&a6value=&a15=&a15type=1&a15value=&a7type=1&a7from=&a7to=&a7date=06.03.2008&a8=152&a8type=1&a1=&a0=&a16=&a16type=1&a16value=&a17=&a17type=1&a17value=&a4=&a4type=1&a4value=&a23=&a23type=1&a23value=&textpres=&sort=7&x=72&y=20 |url-status=dead }}{{Cite web |url=http://www.pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?searchres=&bpas=cd00000&a3=102000496&a3type=1&a3value=&a6=102000066&a6type=1&a6value=&a15=&a15type=1&a15value=&a7type=1&a7from=&a7to=&a7date=06.03.2008&a8=152&a8type=1&a1=&a0=&a16=&a16type=1&a16value=&a17=&a17type=1&a17value=&a4=&a4type=1&a4value=&a23=&a23type=1&a23value=&textpres=&sort=7&x=72&y=20 |title=Законодательство России. Поиск: Постановление Правительство Дата принятия 06.03.2008 Номер начинается на '152' |access-date=11 September 2021 |archive-date=6 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220506003905/http://www.pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?searchres=&bpas=cd00000&a3=102000496&a3type=1&a3value=&a6=102000066&a6type=1&a6value=&a15=&a15type=1&a15value=&a7type=1&a7from=&a7to=&a7date=6 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 2006 the conscription of reserve officers was abolished. Graduates of military departments were not subject to conscription to active duty anymore (with the exception of a wartime mobilization). All graduates of military training centers were due to be enrolled for 3 years active duty upon their university graduation.<ref>{{cite act|type=Federal Law|index=104-FZ|date=6 July 2006|legislature=[[State Duma]]|title=О внесении изменений в отдельные законодательные акты Российской Федерации в связи с сокращением срока военной службы по призыву|language=ru|url=http://www.pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?searchres=&bpas=cd00000&a3=102000505&a3type=1&a3value=&a6=&a6type=1&a6value=&a15=&a15type=1&a15value=&a7type=1&a7from=&a7to=&a7date=06.07.2006&a8=104-%D4%C7&a8type=1&a1=&a0=&a16=&a16type=1&a16value=&a17=&a17type=1&a17value=&a4=&a4type=1&a4value=&a23=&a23type=1&a23value=&textpres=&sort=7&x=46&y=19}} {{Cite web |url=http://www.pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?searchres=&bpas=cd00000&a3=102000505&a3type=1&a3value=&a6=&a6type=1&a6value=&a15=&a15type=1&a15value=&a7type=1&a7from=&a7to=&a7date=06.07.2006&a8=104-%D4%C7&a8type=1&a1=&a0=&a16=&a16type=1&a16value=&a17=&a17type=1&a17value=&a4=&a4type=1&a4value=&a23=&a23type=1&a23value=&textpres=&sort=7&x=46&y=19 |title=Законодательство России. Поиск: Федеральный закон Дата принятия 06.07.2006 Номер начинается |access-date=11 September 2021 |archive-date=6 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220506003909/http://www.pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?searchres=&bpas=cd00000&a3=102000505&a3type=1&a3value=&a6=&a6type=1&a6value=&a15=&a15type=1&a15value=&a7type=1&a7from=&a7to=&a7date=06.07.2006&a8=104-%D4%C7&a8type=1&a1=&a0=&a16=&a16type=1&a16value=&a17=&a17type=1&a17value=&a4=&a4type=1&a4value=&a23=&a23type=1&a23value=&textpres=&sort=7&x=46&y=19 |url-status=bot: unknown }}{{Cite web |url=http://www.pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?searchres=&bpas=cd00000&a3=102000505&a3type=1&a3value=&a6=&a6type=1&a6value=&a15=&a15type=1&a15value=&a7type=1&a7from=&a7to=&a7date=06.07.2006&a8=104-%D4%C7&a8type=1&a1=&a0=&a16=&a16type=1&a16value=&a17=&a17type=1&a17value=&a4=&a4type=1&a4value=&a23=&a23type=1&a23value=&textpres=&sort=7&x=46&y=19 |title=Законодательство России. Поиск: Федеральный закон Дата принятия 06.07.2006 Номер начинается |access-date=11 September 2021 |archive-date=6 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220506003909/http://www.pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?searchres=&bpas=cd00000&a3=102000505&a3type=1&a3value=&a6=&a6type=1&a6value=&a15=&a15type=1&a15value=&a7type=1&a7from=&a7to=&a7date=6 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ===2018 beginning of formation of voluntary military reserve force=== In 2018, [[Russia]] started a full-scale formation of a [[military reserve force]] based upon [[Volunteer military|volunteers]] selected from among those who retired from [[active duty]].<ref name="izru13feb18" /> The Russian military reserve force ({{langx|ru|мобилизационный людской резерв}}) is a set of citizens who have signed a contract to perform military service as a reservist. They are appointed to a military position in a particular [[Military organization#Commands, formations, and units|military unit]]. They are involved in all operational, mobilization, and combat activities of these military units, unlike other citizens who haven't signed such contracts and who can be used for a mobilization deployment of armed forces on an involuntary basis only in cases stipulated by law ({{langx|ru|мобилизационный людской ресурс}}).<ref>{{cite web|last=Polunin|first=Sergey|date=25 December 2020|title=Положение о мобилизационном резерве Вооружённых Сил Российской Федерации и что это|language=ru|website=Militaryarms.ru|url=https://militaryarms.ru/sluzhba-v-armii/mobilizacionnyj-rezerv-vooruzhennyx-sil-rossijskoj-federacii/|access-date=11 September 2021|archive-date=28 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220228221059/https://militaryarms.ru/sluzhba-v-armii/mobilizacionnyj-rezerv-vooruzhennyx-sil-rossijskoj-federacii/|url-status=live}}</ref> The deployment of [[Military organization#Commands, formations, and units|military units]] composed of reservists, takes minimum time and does not requires any retraining of [[military personnel]]. The military units composed of reservists use the same weapons as used by military units, composed of [[active duty]] military personnel. Military units staffed by [[Military reserve force|reservists]] are 100% manned up to wartime standards just like military units staffed by active duty military personnel only. There is no possibility to define by military units designation what we're dealing with - reserve or not reserve military unit. The number of reservists is not presented in open sources and is not among the number of active duty [[Volunteer military|military volunteers]] which is published by [[Ministry of Defence (Russia)|Ministry of Defence]]. This makes it difficult for establish real troop strength of new Russian military units and formations. [[File:Мацква.ру, репортаж с Парада Победы 2023 на Красной площади, фото 7.jpg|thumb|Russian troops in May 2023]] ===2019 reform of the reserve officer training system=== In 2018 the military departments and the military training centers were abolished.<ref>{{cite act|type=Federal Law|index=309-FZ|date=3 August 2018|legislature=[[State Duma]]|title=О внесении изменений в отдельные законодательные акты Российской Федерации в части совершенствования военной подготовки студентов федеральных государственных образовательных организаций высшего образования|language=ru|url=http://www.pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?searchres=&bpas=cd00000&a3=102000505&a3type=1&a3value=&a6=&a6type=1&a6value=&a15=&a15type=1&a15value=&a7type=1&a7from=&a7to=&a7date=03.08.2018&a8=309-%D4%C7&a8type=1&a1=&a0=&a16=&a16type=1&a16value=&a17=&a17type=1&a17value=&a4=&a4type=1&a4value=&a23=&a23type=1&a23value=&textpres=&sort=7&x=60&y=17}} {{Cite web |url=http://www.pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?searchres=&bpas=cd00000&a3=102000505&a3type=1&a3value=&a6=&a6type=1&a6value=&a15=&a15type=1&a15value=&a7type=1&a7from=&a7to=&a7date=03.08.2018&a8=309-%D4%C7&a8type=1&a1=&a0=&a16=&a16type=1&a16value=&a17=&a17type=1&a17value=&a4=&a4type=1&a4value=&a23=&a23type=1&a23value=&textpres=&sort=7&x=60&y=17 |title=Законодательство России. Поиск: Федеральный закон Дата принятия 03.08.2018 Номер начинается |access-date=26 April 2024 |archive-date=11 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210911130516/http://www.pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?searchres=&bpas=cd00000&a3=102000505&a3type=1&a3value=&a6=&a6type=1&a6value=&a15=&a15type=1&a15value=&a7type=1&a7from=&a7to=&a7date=03.08.2018&a8=309-%D4%C7&a8type=1&a1=&a0=&a16=&a16type=1&a16value=&a17=&a17type=1&a17value=&a4=&a4type=1&a4value=&a23=&a23type=1&a23value=&textpres=&sort=7&x=60&y=17 |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> From that moment on, students of civilian institutions of higher education were trained under both officers training programmes (for reserve and for active duty) in the [[Military training centers of civilian universities (Russia)|Military Training Centers]].<ref>{{cite act|type=Decree|index=848|date=3 July 2019|legislature=[[Government of Russia]]|title=Об утверждении Положения о военных учебных центрах при федеральных государственных образовательных организациях высшего образования и о признании утратившими силу некоторых актов Правительства Российской Федерации|language=ru|url=http://www.pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?searchres=&bpas=cd00000&a3=102000496&a3type=1&a3value=&a6=102000066&a6type=1&a6value=&a15=&a15type=1&a15value=&a7type=1&a7from=&a7to=&a7date=03.07.2019&a8=848&a8type=1&a1=&a0=&a16=&a16type=1&a16value=&a17=&a17type=1&a17value=&a4=&a4type=1&a4value=&a23=&a23type=1&a23value=&textpres=&sort=7&x=75&y=12}} {{Cite web |url=http://www.pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?searchres=&bpas=cd00000&a3=102000496&a3type=1&a3value=&a6=102000066&a6type=1&a6value=&a15=&a15type=1&a15value=&a7type=1&a7from=&a7to=&a7date=03.07.2019&a8=848&a8type=1&a1=&a0=&a16=&a16type=1&a16value=&a17=&a17type=1&a17value=&a4=&a4type=1&a4value=&a23=&a23type=1&a23value=&textpres=&sort=7&x=75&y=12 |title=Законодательство России. Поиск: Постановление Правительство Дата принятия 03.07.2019 Номер н |access-date=26 April 2024 |archive-date=11 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210911130520/http://www.pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?searchres=&bpas=cd00000&a3=102000496&a3type=1&a3value=&a6=102000066&a6type=1&a6value=&a15=&a15type=1&a15value=&a7type=1&a7from=&a7to=&a7date=03.07.2019&a8=848&a8type=1&a1=&a0=&a16=&a16type=1&a16value=&a17=&a17type=1&a17value=&a4=&a4type=1&a4value=&a23=&a23type=1&a23value=&textpres=&sort=7&x=75&y=12 |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> In 2019, there were training military centers in 93 civilian institutions of higher education.<ref>{{cite act|type=Order|index=427-R|date=13 March 2019|legislature=[[Government of Russia]]|language=ru|url=http://www.pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?searchres=&bpas=cd00000&a3=102000499&a3type=1&a3value=&a6=102000066&a6type=1&a6value=&a15=&a15type=1&a15value=&a7type=1&a7from=&a7to=&a7date=13.03.2019&a8=427-%F0&a8type=1&a1=&a0=&a16=&a16type=1&a16value=&a17=&a17type=1&a17value=&a4=&a4type=1&a4value=&a23=&a23type=1&a23value=&textpres=&sort=7&x=50&y=24}} {{Cite web |url=http://www.pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?searchres=&bpas=cd00000&a3=102000499&a3type=1&a3value=&a6=102000066&a6type=1&a6value=&a15=&a15type=1&a15value=&a7type=1&a7from=&a7to=&a7date=13.03.2019&a8=427-%F0&a8type=1&a1=&a0=&a16=&a16type=1&a16value=&a17=&a17type=1&a17value=&a4=&a4type=1&a4value=&a23=&a23type=1&a23value=&textpres=&sort=7&x=50&y=24 |title=Законодательство России. Поиск: Распоряжение Правительство Дата принятия 13.03.2019 Номер на |access-date=26 April 2024 |archive-date=11 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210911130516/http://www.pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?searchres=&bpas=cd00000&a3=102000499&a3type=1&a3value=&a6=102000066&a6type=1&a6value=&a15=&a15type=1&a15value=&a7type=1&a7from=&a7to=&a7date=13.03.2019&a8=427-%F0&a8type=1&a1=&a0=&a16=&a16type=1&a16value=&a17=&a17type=1&a17value=&a4=&a4type=1&a4value=&a23=&a23type=1&a23value=&textpres=&sort=7&x=50&y=24 |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Gavrilov|first=Yuriy|date=15 March 2019|title=Лейтенант из института. Определены вузы для военной подготовки студентов|language=ru|work=[[Rossiyskaya Gazeta]]|url=https://rg.ru/2019/03/15/voennye-uchebnye-centry-sozdadut-v-93-vuzah-strany.html|access-date=11 September 2021|archive-date=11 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210911130514/https://rg.ru/2019/03/15/voennye-uchebnye-centry-sozdadut-v-93-vuzah-strany.html|url-status=live}}</ref> ===Mobilization=== [[2022 Russian mobilization|The first]] [[mobilization]] of citizens being in [[Military reserve force|mobilization human resource]], conducted on a compulsory basis, in the Russian Federation's history was announced by [[President of Russia|Presidential]] Decree of 21 September 2022 No.647 during the [[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine|Russian invasion of Ukraine]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=McCarthy|first1=Simone|last2=Picheta|first2=Rob|date=21 September 2022|title=Russia announces immediate 'partial mobilization' of citizens, escalating its invasion of Ukraine|language=en|magazine=[[CNN]]|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2022/09/21/europe/ukraine-russian-referendums-intl-hnk/index.html|access-date=21 September 2022|archive-date=21 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220921124520/https://edition.cnn.com/2022/09/21/europe/ukraine-russian-referendums-intl-hnk/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
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