Editing Recreational drug use (section)

==Society and culture==
{{Main|Drug culture|History and culture of substituted amphetamines|History of alcoholic drinks|History of smoking}}
{{Further|Alcohol abuse among college students|Benzodiazepine drug misuse|Binge drinking|Drug-facilitated sexual assault}}[[File:VodkaRedBull.jpg|thumb|right|[[Caffeinated alcoholic beverage]]s, such as [[Vodka Red Bull]], are widespread and legal routes of administration for [[polysubstance use|multiple drugs]].]]
{{essay|section|date=October 2023}}

Many movements and organizations are advocating for or against the [[Drug liberalization|liberalization of the use of recreational drugs]], most notably regarding the [[Cannabis legalization|legalization of marijuana and cannabinoids]] for [[Medical cannabis|medical]] and/or recreational use.<ref name="Mayo Clin. Proc."/><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Di Forti M | title = To legalize or not to legalize cannabis, that is the question! | journal = [[World Psychiatry]] | volume = 19 | issue = 2 | pages = 188–189 | date = June 2020 | pmid = 32394550 | pmc = 7214953 | doi = 10.1002/wps.20737 | s2cid = 218598941 | publisher = [[Wiley-Blackwell]] on behalf of the [[World Psychiatric Association]] | veditors = Maj M | editor-link = Mario Maj | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Bahji A, Stephenson C | title = International Perspectives on the Implications of Cannabis Legalization: A Systematic Review & Thematic Analysis | journal = International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | volume = 16 | issue = 17 | page = 3095 | date = August 2019 | pmid = 31454942 | pmc = 6747067 | doi = 10.3390/ijerph16173095 | s2cid = 201658917 | publisher = [[MDPI]] | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="Pacula_2017">{{cite journal | vauthors = Pacula RL, Smart R | title = Medical Marijuana and Marijuana Legalization | journal = Annual Review of Clinical Psychology | volume = 13 | issue = | pages = 397–419 | date = May 2017 | pmid = 28482686 | pmc = 6358421 | doi = 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032816-045128 | veditors = Cannon T, Widiger T | editor1-link = Tyrone Cannon | editor2-link = Thomas Widiger | lccn = 2004212108 | s2cid = 3836912 | publisher = [[Annual Reviews (publisher)|Annual Reviews]] }}</ref> [[Subculture]]s have emerged among users of recreational drugs,<ref>{{cite book |editor1-last=Hunt |editor1-first=Geoffrey |editor2-last=Milhet |editor2-first=Maitena |editor3-last=Bergeron |editor3-first=Henri |year=2016 |chapter=Part II - Consumption: Cultures of Drug Use |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WfsoDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA113 |title=Drugs and Culture: Knowledge, Consumption, and Policy |location=[[London]] and [[New York City|New York]] |publisher=[[Routledge]] |pages=113–194 |isbn=9781138274426 |lccn=2010048568}}</ref> as well as [[alternative lifestyle]]s and [[social movement]]s among those who abstain from them, such as [[teetotalism]] and "[[straight edge]]".<ref>{{cite book |author-last=Haenfler |author-first=Ross |year=2015 |chapter=Straight Edge |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9gUoDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA137 |editor1-last=Parmar |editor1-first=Priya |editor2-last=Nocella II |editor2-first=Anthony J. |editor3-last=Robertson |editor3-first=Scott |editor4-last=Diaz |editor4-first=Martha |title=Rebel Music: Resistance through Hip Hop and Punk |location=[[Charlotte, North Carolina]] |publisher=[[Information Age Publishing]] |pages=137–138 |isbn=978-1-62396-910-3}}</ref>

Since the early 2000s, [[medical professional]]s have acknowledged and addressed the problem of the increasing consumption of [[alcoholic drinks]] and [[club drugs]] (such as [[MDMA]], [[cocaine]], [[rohypnol]], [[Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid|GHB]], [[ketamine]], [[Phencyclidine|PCP]], [[LSD]], and [[methamphetamine]]) associated with [[rave culture]] among adolescents and young adults in the [[Western world]].<ref name="CMAJ 2000">{{cite journal | vauthors = Weir E | title = Raves: a review of the culture, the drugs and the prevention of harm | journal = CMAJ | volume = 162 | issue = 13 | pages = 1843–8 | date = June 2000 | pmid = 10906922 | pmc = 1231377 | url = https://www.cmaj.ca/content/cmaj/162/13/1843.full.pdf | url-status = live | publisher = [[Canadian Medical Association]] | archive-date = 28 June 2019 | access-date = 17 August 2021 | lccn = 87039047 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190628204824/https://www.cmaj.ca/content/cmaj/162/13/1843.full.pdf | eissn = 1488-2329 | s2cid = 10853457}}</ref><ref name="Am. J. Health-Syst. Pharm">{{cite journal | vauthors = Smith KM, Larive LL, Romanelli F | title = Club drugs: methylenedioxymethamphetamine, flunitrazepam, ketamine hydrochloride, and gamma-hydroxybutyrate | journal = American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy | volume = 59 | issue = 11 | pages = 1067–76 | date = June 2002 | pmid = 12063892 | doi = 10.1093/ajhp/59.11.1067 | publisher = [[American Society of Health-System Pharmacists]] | oclc = 41233599 | eissn = 1535-2900 | s2cid = 44680086| doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="AANA 2004">{{cite journal | vauthors = Klein M, Kramer F | title = Rave drugs: pharmacological considerations | journal = AANA Journal | volume = 72 | issue = 1 | pages = 61–7 | date = February 2004 | pmid = 15098519 | s2cid = 41926572 | url = https://www.aana.com/docs/default-source/aana-journal-web-documents-1/61-67.pdf | url-status = live | publisher = [[American Association of Nurse Anesthetists]] | access-date = 17 August 2021 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210817012105/https://www.aana.com/docs/default-source/aana-journal-web-documents-1/61-67.pdf | archive-date = 17 August 2021 }}</ref><ref name="Subst. Use Misuse">{{cite journal | vauthors = Degenhardt L, Copeland J, Dillon P | title = Recent trends in the use of "club drugs": an Australian review | journal = Substance Use & Misuse | volume = 40 | issue = 9–10 | pages = 1241–56 | date = 2005 | pmid = 16048815 | doi = 10.1081/JA-200066777 | publisher = [[Taylor & Francis]] | s2cid = 25509945 | lccn = 2006268261 | eissn = 1532-2491}}</ref><ref name="Hum. Exp. Toxicol.">{{cite journal | vauthors = Halpern P, Moskovich J, Avrahami B, Bentur Y, Soffer D, Peleg K | title = Morbidity associated with MDMA (ecstasy) abuse: a survey of emergency department admissions | journal = Human & Experimental Toxicology | volume = 30 | issue = 4 | pages = 259–66 | date = April 2011 | pmid = 20488845 | doi = 10.1177/0960327110370984 | publisher = [[SAGE Publications]] | bibcode = 2011HETox..30..259H | s2cid = 30994214 | lccn = 90031138 | eissn = 1477-0903 }}</ref> Studies have shown that adolescents are more likely than young adults to use [[Polysubstance use|multiple drugs]],<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors= Palamar JJ, Acosta P, Le A, Cleland CM, Nelson LS |date=November 2019 |title=Adverse drug-related effects among electronic dance music party attendees |journal=International Journal of Drug Policy |publisher=[[Elsevier]] |volume=73 |pages=81–87 |doi=10.1016/j.drugpo.2019.07.005 |issn=1873-4758 |pmc=6899195 |pmid=31349134 |s2cid=198932918}}</ref> and the consumption of club drugs is highly associated with the presence of [[criminal behavior]]s and recent [[alcohol abuse]] or [[Alcohol dependence|dependence]].<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Wu LT, Schlenger WE, Galvin DM | title = Concurrent use of methamphetamine, MDMA, LSD, ketamine, GHB, and flunitrazepam among American youths | journal = Drug and Alcohol Dependence | volume = 84 | issue = 1 | pages = 102–13 | date = September 2006 | pmid = 16483730 | pmc = 1609189 | doi = 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.01.002 | s2cid = 24699584 | publisher = [[Elsevier]] }}</ref>

The prevalence of recreational drugs in human societies is widely reflected in fiction, entertainment, and the arts, subject to prevailing laws and social conventions. For instance, in the [[music industry]], the musical genres [[Hip hop music|hip hop]], [[Hardcore hip hop|hardcore rap]], and [[Trap music|trap]], alongside their [[List of hip hop genres|derivative subgenres]] and [[subculture]]s, are most notorious for having continuously celebrated and promoted [[Illegal drug trade|drug trafficking]], [[Gangster|gangster lifestyle]], and consumption of alcohol and other drugs since their inception in the United States during the late 1980s–early 1990s.<ref>{{cite web |last=Gonzales |first=Matt |date=2 March 2020 |origyear=27 November 2017 |title=Rap Culture's Evolution from Glorifying to Decrying Drug Use |url=https://www.drugrehab.com/featured/substance-use-and-rap-music/ |url-status=live |location=[[Orlando, Florida]] |publisher=DrugRehab.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116094555/https://www.drugrehab.com/featured/substance-use-and-rap-music/ |archive-date=16 January 2021 |access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |author-last=Granovsky |author-first=Josh |date=23 November 2018 |title=Emo rap needs to end |url=https://www.queensjournal.ca/story/2018-11-23/pop-culture/emo-rap-needs-to-end/ |url-status=live |magazine=[[The Queen's Journal]] |location=[[Kingston, Ontario]] |publisher=[[Alma Mater Society of Queen's University]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210724213024/https://www.queensjournal.ca/story/2018-11-23/pop-culture/emo-rap-needs-to-end/ |archive-date=24 July 2021 |access-date=7 August 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author-last=Smiley |author-first=Calvin J. |year=2017 |title=Addict Rap?: The Shift from Drug Distributor to Drug Consumer in Hip Hop |url=https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1062&context=jhhs |url-status=live |format=PDF |journal=Journal of Hip Hop Studies |location=[[Richmond, Virginia]] |publisher=VCU Scholars Compass ([[Virginia Commonwealth University]]) |volume=4 |issue=1 |pages=1–24 |doi=10.34718/ZBWC-RN03 |doi-access=free |issn=2331-5563 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210706234554/https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1062&context=jhhs |archive-date=6 July 2021 |access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref> In [[video games]], for example, drugs are portrayed in a variety of ways: including power-ups ([[cocaine]] gum replenishes stamina in ''[[Red Dead Redemption 2]]''), obstacles to be avoided (such as the Fuzzies in ''[[Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island]]'' that distort the player's view when accidentally consumed), items to be bought and sold for in-game currency (coke dealing is a big part of ''[[Scarface: The World Is Yours]]''). In the ''[[Fallout (franchise)|Fallout]]'' video game franchise, drugs ("chems" in the game) can fill the role of any above mentioned.<ref name="Levan-Downing">{{cite book |author1-last=Levan |author1-first=Kristine |author2-last=Downing |author2-first=Steven |year=2022 |chapter=Chapter 2: Drugs |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tXufEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA22 |title=Crime, Punishment, and Video Games |location=[[Lanham, Maryland]] |publisher=[[Rowman & Littlefield]] |pages=22–23 |isbn=978-1-7936-1338-7 |lccn=2022037114}}</ref> [[Illegal drug trade|Drug trafficking]], [[Street gang|gang rivalries]], and their related criminal underworld also play a big part in the ''[[Grand Theft Auto]]'' video game franchise.<ref name="Levan-Downing"/>