Editing Poseidon (section)

===Festivals===
[[File:Terracotta amphora (jar) MET DP117049.jpg|thumb|right|270px| Poseidon and [[Nike (mythology)|Nike]] (victory). Terracotta Attic amphora by the Syracuse Painter, one of the last to decorate an amphora, 470-460 BC. [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]], Manhattan, NY]]

Many festivals all over Greece, in the Ionic cities and in Italy were celebrated in honour of Poseidon.
*[[Corinth]]: The [[Panhellenic]] [[Isthmian Games]] were celebrated in honour of Poseidon. His sanctuary is to be seen in the context of the position of Corinth controlling the sea.<ref name=Burkert1985Poseidon/> The festival included athletic and musical competitions and horseracing. Traditionally the games were established in the Bronze Age over the dead prince [[Palaimon]].<ref>Jeffery, ''The city states'', p.152</ref> 
*[[Athens]]: Poseidon had a fest in the month [[Attic calendar|Poseidaon]]. He was worshipped as the "master of the sea".<ref name=Geschichte/>
*Athens: [[Haloa]] was a fest of vegetation. The wine- fest ''Protrygaia'' belonged to [[Dionysus]] and to Poseidon as a god of vegetation.<ref name=Geschichte1/> 
*[[Mycale]] in [[Ionia]]: Mycale was a promontory, between [[Samos]] and [[Miletus]]. The representatives of twelve cities ([[Ionian dodecapolis|dodekapolis]]) celebrated the [[Panionium|Panionia]] (of all the Ionians), a festival of ''Poseidon Helikonios''.<ref name=Helikonios/> Traditionally the first settlers landed in this place. The temple became the meeting place of the Ionian League).<ref name=Jeffery208/> Homer describes the sacrifice of a bull to Poseidon, during the festival.<ref name=Geschichte1/>
*[[Ephesus]] in Ionia. The relation of Poseidon with the bull is stronger in Ionia. The fest ''Tauria'' was celebrated in honour of Poseidon ''Taureios'' and the capbearers were called ''tauroi'' (bulls).<ref name=Geschichte1/>
*[[Kalaureia]]: Poseidon was the patron god of the [[Amphictiony]] of Kalaureia. The festival was celebrated in honour of the god. The famous temple was the meeting place of the representatives of the members (Amphiktiones).<ref>Thomas Kelly, "The Calaurian Amphictiony" ''American Journal of Archaeology'' '''70'''.2 (April 1966:113–121).</ref> 
*[[Tainaron]]: The famous festival ''Tainaria'' was celebrated in honour of Poseidon. The participants were called ''Tainarioi''.<ref>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=tainaron&la=greek#lexicon Ταιναρον]</ref> The sacred sanctuary of the god was built in a cave in the Tainaron peninsula.<ref name="Temple of Poseidon Tainaron">[https://tainaron-blue.com/the-temple-of-poseidon/ Temple of Poseidon Tainaron]</ref> A filial cult existed in Sparta.<ref name=Geschichte/>

[[File:Poseidon Louvre G377.jpg|thumb|left|240px|Libation scene: Poseidon seated on a chair, wearing a chiton and a himation, holding a trident and a phiale.450-440 BC red-figure Attic amphora.[[Louvre]]]]
*[[Onchestos]] in [[Boeotia]]. Poseidon had a famous temple praised by Homer in the [[Catalogue of Ships]],<ref name=Iliad/> with the surname ''Helikonios''. It became the place of meeting of the second [[Boeotian league]]. The peculiar fest included horseracing.<ref name=Geschichte/> At the beginning of the race the charioteers jumped down and made a prayer to Poseidon to protect them if the chariot would fall in the sacred grove.<ref name=Hard/> 
*[[Sparta]]; Poseidon was worshipped with the surname ''Gaiaochos'' (carrying the earth or moving under the earth). There was the race ''Gaiaochoi'' and the temple was built beside an [[Hippodrome]].<ref name=Geschichte/>
*[[Helike]] in Achaea: The city is mentioned in [[Homer]]s [[Catalogue of Ships]].<ref>[http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hom.+Il.+2.575&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0134 Iliad 2.575]</ref> The temple and the festival of Poseidon ''Helikonios'' was [[Panhellenic]]. It was the place of meeting of the [[Achaean League]].The city was destroyed by a tsunami in 370 BC.<ref name="Katsonopoulou2002a"/>
*[[Epidauros]]: A fest in the month ''Poseidios'' was celebrated in honour of Poseidon. He was worshipped as the "master of the sea".<ref name=Geschichte/>
*[[Helos]] : The fest ''Pohoidaia'' was celebrated in honour of Poseidon. The festival included athletic games and competitions.<ref name=Geschichte/>
*[[Thuria (Messenia)|Thuria]]: The fest ''Pohoidaia'' was celebrated in honour of Poseidon. It included athletic games and competitions.<ref name=Geschichte/>
[[File:Sozopol Archaeological Museum IMG 4149.JPG|thumb|right|240px|[[Sozopol]] Archaeological Museum. Poseidon in the middle.]]

*[[Mantineia]] in Arcadia: Poseidon was worshipped with the surname ''Hippios'' (of the horse). The fest included the athletic games ''Hippokrateia''. The temple was holy and the entrance into the cella was not allowed.<ref name=Geschichte/>
* Pallandion in Arcadia : Poseidon had the epithet ''Hippios'' (of the horse) and the fest included the athletic games ''Hippokrateia''.<ref name=Geschichte/>
*[[Thronium (Locris)|Thronium]]: Thronium was the chief city of Ancient [[Locris]] and is mentioned by [[Homer]] in the [[Catalogue of Ships]].<ref>[http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hom.+Il.+2.533&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0134 Iliad 2.533]</ref> The name of a month in the city was ''Hippios''.<ref>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=(ippei/os&la=greek#lexicon ιππειος]</ref>
* [[Lesbos]]: A festival in the month ''Poseidios'' was celebrated in honour of Poseidon. He was worshipped as the "master of the sea".<ref name=Geschichte/>
* [[Myconos]]: In a fest he was worshipped as a god of fishing and women were not allowed. '' Chloe'' ([[Demeter]]) received offerings in the same fest, indicating that Poseidon was also god of vegetation.<ref name=Geschichte1/>
* [[Tinos]]: A great fest called ''Poseidonia'' was celebrated in honour of Poseidon. The temple included great banquet halls, indicating the large number of the participants.<ref>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:abo:tlg,0099,001:10:5:11&lang=original Strabo 10.5.11]</ref> Poseidon was worshipped as a healer-god.<ref name=Geschichte1/>