Editing Portuguese Mozambique (section)

==Education==
[[File:TT CMZ-AF-GT E 2-1 10 81 - Oficina de Tipografia da Escola de Artes e Ofícios.jpg|thumb|right|Portuguese language printing and typesetting class, 1930]] 
Mozambique's rural population was largely illiterate. However, some thousands of Africans were educated in religion, the [[Portuguese language]], and Portuguese history by Catholic and Protestant [[missionary]] schools established in cities and in the countryside.

In 1930, primary schooling became racially segregated.<ref>{{Cite book|title=O ensino indígena na colónia de Moçambique|publisher=Imprensa Nacional|year=1930|location=Lourenço Marques|pages=5–9}}</ref> Africans who did not hold assimilated status had to enroll in "rudimentary schools," whereas whites and the few thousand assimilated Africans had access to "primary schools" of better quality.

Starting in the early 1940s, access to education was expanded in all levels. Nevertheless, "rudimentary schools" retained their poor quality. In 1956, there were 292,199 African students enrolled in first grade. Of these, only 9,486 had successfully passed third grade in 1959.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Duffy|first=James|date=1961|title=Portuguese Africa (Angola and Mozambique): Some Crucial Problems and the Role of Education in Their Resolution|journal=The Journal of Negro Education|volume=30|issue=3|pages=301|doi=10.2307/2294318|issn=0022-2984|jstor=2294318}}</ref> By 1970, only 7.7% of Mozambique's population was literate.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hbs.edu/businesshistory/courses/resources/historical-data-visualization/Pages/details.aspx?data_id=31|title=Adult Literacy Rates – Historical Data Visualization – Business History – Harvard Business School|website=www.hbs.edu|access-date=2019-06-03}}</ref>

A comprehensive network of [[secondary school]]s (the {{lang|pt|Liceus}}) and technical or [[vocational education]] schools were implemented across the cities and main towns of the territory. However, access to these institutions was largely limited to whites. In 1960, only 30 out of 1,000 students of the ''Liceu Salazar'' were Africans, in spite of whites making up only 2% of the Mozambican population.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Struggle for Mozambique|last=Mondlane|first=Eduardo|publisher=Zed Books|year=1983|location=London|pages=66}}</ref>

In 1962, the first Mozambican [[university]] was founded by the Portuguese authorities: the {{lang|pt|[[Universidade de Lourenço Marques]]}}.