Editing Polyamory (section)

===Parenting===

==== Canada ====
In June 2018, a court in [[Newfoundland and Labrador]] recognized three unmarried adults as legal parents of a child who was born within the polyamorous family they had formed; this was believed to be a first for Canadian law. The three adults included the child's mother and two men; the child's biological father was unknown.<ref>{{cite web |last=MacDonald |first=Michael |date=June 14, 2018 |title=3 adults in polyamorous relationship declared legal parents by N. L. court |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/polyamourous-relationship-three-parents-1.4706560 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201224192515/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/polyamourous-relationship-three-parents-1.4706560 |archive-date=December 24, 2020 |access-date=December 24, 2020 |website=[[CBC News]]}}</ref>

In April 2021, a British Columbia Supreme Court justice declared a woman was the third legal parent in a polyamorous "triad".<ref name="Labbé 2021">{{cite web |last=Labbé |first=Stefan |date=2021-04-28 |title=B.C. judge declares woman third legal parent in polyamorous 'triad' |url=https://www.timescolonist.com/news/local/b-c-judge-declares-woman-third-legal-parent-in-polyamorous-triad-1.24312700 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210828060212/https://www.timescolonist.com/news/local/b-c-judge-declares-woman-third-legal-parent-in-polyamorous-triad-1.24312700 |archive-date=August 28, 2021 |access-date=2021-08-28 |website=Times Colonist}}</ref>

In April 2025, the [[Superior Court of Quebec]] ruled that the province must recognize families with more than two parents. The court gave the provincial government one year to amend the [[Civil Code of Quebec|Civil Code]], and listed court rulings in five provinces and territories as precedent.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lau |first=Rachel |date=2025-04-30 |title=‘Multi-parent’ families, like throuples, to be granted legal rights in Quebec |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/montreal/article/multiparent-families-like-throuples-to-be-granted-legal-rights-in-quebec/ |access-date=2025-05-04 |website=CTVNews |language=en}}</ref>

==== United States ====
In 1998, a [[Tennessee]] court granted guardianship of a child to her grandmother and step-grandfather, after the child's mother April Divilbiss and partners [[outing|outed]] themselves as polyamorous on [[MTV]]. After contesting the decision for two years, Divilbiss eventually agreed to relinquish her daughter, acknowledging that she was unable to adequately care for her child and that this, rather than her polyamory, had been the grandparents' real motivation in seeking custody.<ref name="society">{{cite web |url=http://www.polyamorysociety.org/Divilbiss_Families_Case_Ends.html |title=PolyFamily Child Custody Case Ends After 2 Year Battle... |last=Divilbiss |first=April |date=October 2000 |website=Polyamory Society |access-date=December 24, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050826112228/http://www.polyamorysociety.org/Divilbiss_Families_Case_Ends.html |archive-date=August 26, 2005 |url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2013, California passed SB 274 (Family Code §7612(c)), legalizing state courts' recognition of more than two parents if the court finds that recognizing only two parents would be detrimental to the child.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-11-17 |title=Boyd Law Successfully Achieves One of California’s First Rulings Under New “Three Parent Law” |url=https://www.boydlawlosangeles.com/boyd-law-successfully-achieves-one-of-californias-first-rulings-under-new-three-parent-law/ |access-date=2025-05-04 |website=Boyd Law |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=California’s Three Parent Law {{!}} Family Law {{!}} Sacramento Law Group LLP |url=https://sacramentolawgroup.com/divorce-attorney/three-parents/ |access-date=2025-05-04 |website=sacramentolawgroup.com}}</ref> In 2017, three men became the first family in the state of [[California]] to have names of three fathers on their child's birth certificate under the law.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/poly-relationship-adoption-embryo-surrogate_n_5fc92247c5b6d7412e5f4026 |title=This Throuple Made History With Their First Child. Here's What Their Lives Are Like. |last=Feldman |first=Jamie |date=December 23, 2020 |website=[[HuffPost]] |access-date=March 13, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302022803/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/poly-relationship-adoption-embryo-surrogate_n_5fc92247c5b6d7412e5f4026 |archive-date=March 2, 2021 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In November 2020, the issue of polyamory came to the [[Supreme Court of Vermont]] in the form of a dispute between two men and a woman in a polyamorous relationship.<ref>{{cite web |author= |date=November 6, 2020 |title=SCOV Law Blog: Court decides parentage issue in divorce involving polyamory |url=https://vtdigger.org/2020/11/06/scov-law-blog-court-decides-parentage-issue-in-divorce-involving-polyamory/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124145223/https://vtdigger.org/2020/11/06/scov-law-blog-court-decides-parentage-issue-in-divorce-involving-polyamory/ |archive-date=November 24, 2020 |access-date=December 14, 2020 |website=[[VTDigger]]}}</ref>