Editing Politics of the Philippines (section)

===United States===
{{See also|Philippines-United States relations}}
[[File:President Ronald Reagan with President of the Philippines Ferdinand Marcos and Imelda Marcos.jpg|thumb|Philippine President [[Ferdinand Marcos]], American President [[Ronald Reagan]], and [[Imelda Marcos]] during a Philippine state visit to the United States]]

Even after Philippine independence, the United States remained entwined within Philippine politics and the Philippine economy.<ref name="Hedman2005"/>{{rp|23}}<ref name="Politico-Diplomatic">{{cite web |url=http://ncca.gov.ph/subcommissions/subcommission-on-cultural-heritagesch/historical-research/politico-diplomatic-history-of-the-philippines/ |title=Politico-Diplomatic History of the Philippines |last=Tan |first=Samuel K. |publisher=National Commission for Culture and the Arts |date=April 16, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180818140153/http://ncca.gov.ph:80/subcommissions/subcommission-on-cultural-heritagesch/historical-research/politico-diplomatic-history-of-the-philippines/ |archive-date=August 18, 2018 |url-status=dead |access-date=April 9, 2021 }}</ref> Influence also remains in social and civil institutions.<ref name="Hedman2005"/>{{rp|24–25}} In the context of the [[Cold War]], direct and indirect influence was leveraged in the early days of independence to reinforce democratic institutions.<ref name="Hedman2005"/>{{rp|49–50}} Early civil influence was particularly strong among veterans' networks, and the American military maintained support for Philippine military campaigns against the Hukbalahap.<ref name="Hedman2005"/>{{rp|59–60}} During the Hukbalahap rebellion the United States also supported land reforms to reduce potential attraction to communism, although this pressure subsided as the rebellion ceased.<ref name="You4"/>{{rp|87}}

When Marcos declared martial law, to muted American response and with general acquiescence,<ref name="Abinales2005" />{{rp|205}} the strategic value of the Philippines and its American military bases led to continued official support.<ref name="Abinales2005" />{{rp|211}} While the United States eventually pressured Marcos to bring back elections,<ref name="You5"/>{{rp|100}} such support enabled Marcos to stay in power even as civil society and the military began to turn against him.<ref name="Abinales2005" />{{rp|224}} Eventually, the United States supported the development of an anti-Marcos coalition,<ref name="Franco"/>{{rp|109}} and in 1989 intervened to halt a coup against the new Aquino government.<ref name="Gross"/>{{rp|200}}

The influence of the United States decreased in the 1990s, when agreements to host American military bases ended and the country increased the regional aspects of its foreign policy.<ref name="Abinales2005"/>{{rp|11}} Following the [[September 11 attacks]] in the United States, security ties deepened once more, as the Moro insurgency became linked with the global [[War on Terror]]. This growing cooperation included the limited return of some US forces to Philippine soil.<ref name="Gross"/>{{rp|221}}