Editing Polish literature (section)

==Interbellum (1918–39)==
Literature of the [[Second Polish Republic]] (1918–1939) encompasses a short, though exceptionally dynamic period in Polish literary consciousness. The socio-political reality has changed radically with Poland's return to independence. In large part, derivative of these changes was the collective and unobstructed development of programs for artists and writers. New [[avant-garde]] trends had emerged. The period, spanning just twenty years, was full of notable individualities who saw themselves as exponents of changing European civilization, including [[Julian Tuwim|Tuwim]], [[Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz|Witkacy]], [[Witold Gombrowicz|Gombrowicz]], [[Czesław Miłosz|Miłosz]], [[Maria Dąbrowska|Dąbrowska]] and [[Zofia Nałkowska|Nałkowska]] ([[Polish Academy of Literature|PAL]]). They all contributed to a new model of the twentieth-century Polish culture echoing its own language of everyday life.<ref name="klp.pl-1">[http://dwudziestolecie-miedzywojenne.klp.pl/ser-684.html  "Główne gatunki literackie uprawiane w dwudziestoleciu międzywojennym."] ''Kulturalna Polska''. {{in lang|pl}} Retrieved 24 September 2011.</ref><ref name="dwutygodnik.com">Prof. Marian Stala of [[Jagiellonian University]], [http://www.dwutygodnik.com/artykul/284-1989-dwa-dwudziestolecia-jednej-epoki.html 1989: Dwa dwudziestolecia (jednej epoki).] ''Dwutygodnik Literatura''. Retrieved 24 September 2011.</ref><ref name="wydawnictwoliterackie.pl">Marta Wyka, [http://www.wydawnictwoliterackie.pl/ksiazka.php?ID=1044 Literatura Dwudziestolecia i okupacji.] ''[[Wydawnictwo Literackie]]'', Krakow, 2011. {{in lang|pl}}</ref>

The two decades of [[Interbellum]] were marked by rapid development in the field of poetry, undivided and undiminished for the first time in over a century. From 1918 to 1939, the gradual and successive introduction of new ideas resulted in the formation of separate and distinct trends. The first decade of Polish interwar poetry was clear, constructive, and optimistic; as opposed to the second decade marked by dark visions of the impending war, internal conflicts within the Polish society, and growing pessimism. The whole period was amazingly rich nevertheless. In 1933 the [[Polish Academy of Literature]] (PAL) was founded by a decree of the Council of Ministers of the Republic ([[Rada Ministrów]] RP); as the highest opinion-forming authority in the country; it awarded Gold and the Silver Laurels (Złoty, and Srebrny Wawrzyn), the two highest national honors for contributions to literature until [[invasion of Poland]] in 1939.<ref name="Lerski-451">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QTUTqE2difgC&pg=PA451 |title=Historical dictionary of Poland, 966–1945 |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |year=1996 |access-date=5 December 2011 |author=[[Jerzy Jan Lerski]], Piotr Wróbel, Richard J. Kozicki |page=451 |isbn=0-313-26007-9}}</ref> One of the most prominent poets of the interwar period was [[Bolesław Leśmian]] (member of [[Polish Academy of Literature|PAL]]), whose creative personality developed before 1918, and in large part influenced both Interbellum decades (until his death in 1937). The literary life of his contemporaries revolved mostly around the issues of independence. All Polish poets treated the concept of freedom with extreme seriousness, and many patriotic works had emerged at that time, not to mention a particular variant of a poetic cult of [[Józef Piłsudski|Piłsudski]].
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* [[Andrzej Strug]] (1871–1937)
* [[Ferdynand Antoni Ossendowski]] (1876–1945), ''Lenin: God of the Godless''
* [[Bolesław Leśmian]] (c. 1877 – 1937), [[Polish Academy of Literature|PAL]]
* [[Kornel Makuszyński]] (1884–1953), ''[[Koziołek Matołek]]'', [[Polish Academy of Literature|PAL]]
* [[Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz]] (1885–1939), ''[[Insatiability|Nienasycenie]]''
* [[Stefan Grabiński]] (1887–1936)
* [[Maria Dąbrowska]] (1889–1965), ''Noce i dnie'' (Nights and Days)
* [[Zofia Kossak-Szczucka]] (1890–1968), ''Krzyżowcy'' <small>(trilogy)</small>
* [[Maria Pawlikowska-Jasnorzewska]] (1891–1945)
* [[Bruno Schulz]] (1892–1942), ''[[Sanatorium Under the Sign of the Hourglass|Sanatorium Pod Klepsydrą]]'' (The Clepsydra Sanatorium)
* [[Julian Tuwim]] (1894–1953)
* [[Kazimierz Wierzyński]] (1894–1969), [[Polish Academy of Literature|PAL]]
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* [[Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz]] (1894–1980), ''The Maids of Wilko''
* [[Stanisław Młodożeniec]] (1895–1959)
* [[Antoni Słonimski]] (1895–1976)
* [[Jan Lechoń]] (1899–1956)
* [[Maria Kuncewiczowa]] (1899–1989)
* [[Jan Brzechwa]] (1900–1966)
* [[Aleksander Wat]] (1900–1967)
* [[Bruno Jasieński]] (1901–1938)
* [[Julian Przyboś]] (1901–1970)
* [[Józef Mackiewicz]] (1902–85)
* [[Witold Gombrowicz]] (1904–1969), ''[[Ferdydurke]]''
* [[Zuzanna Ginczanka]] (1917–1945), ''O Centaurach'' (On Centaurs)
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{{further|Skamander|Polish Academy of Literature}}