Editing Ploidy (section)

===Euploidy and aneuploidy===
'''Euploidy''' ([[Ancient Greek|Greek]] ''eu'', "true" or "even") is the state of a cell or organism having one or more than one set of the same set of chromosomes, possibly excluding the [[sex chromosome|sex-determining chromosomes]]. For example, most human cells have 2 of each of the 23 homologous monoploid chromosomes, for a total of 46 chromosomes. A human cell with one extra set of the 23 normal chromosomes (functionally triploid) would be considered euploid. Euploid [[karyotype]]s would consequentially be a multiple of the [[Ploidy#Haploid and monoploid|haploid number]], which in humans is 23.{{citation needed|date=May 2023}}

'''[[Aneuploidy]]''' is the state where one or more individual chromosomes of a normal set are absent or present in more than their usual number of copies (excluding the absence or presence of complete sets, which is considered euploidy). Unlike euploidy, aneuploid karyotypes will not be a multiple of the haploid number. In humans, examples of aneuploidy include having a single extra chromosome (as in [[Down syndrome]], where affected individuals have three copies of chromosome 21) or missing a chromosome (as in [[Turner syndrome]], where affected individuals have only one sex chromosome). Aneuploid [[karyotype]]s are given names with the suffix ''-somy'' (rather than ''-ploidy'', used for euploid karyotypes), such as [[trisomy]] and [[monosomy]].{{cn|date=June 2024}}