Editing Pitcher plant (section)

=== Feces-trapping symbiosis===
Mature plants of ''[[Nepenthes lowii#Carnivory|Nepenthes lowii]]'' attract [[tree shrew]]s (''[[Tupaia montana]]''), which feed on nectar that the plant produces but also defecate into the pitcher, providing nitrates and other nutrients. The plant and tree shrew have a [[symbiosis|symbiotic relationship]]. The rim of ''N. lowii'' is not slippery so that tree shrews can easily get in and out; it provides more nectar than other pitcher plants. The shape of the pitcher rim and the position of the nectar ensure that the animal's hindquarters are over the rim while it feeds.<ref>[http://www.livescience.com/9666-pitcher-plant-doubles-toilet.html Pitcher Plant Doubles as Toilet]</ref>

''Nepenthes rafflesiana'' var. ''elongata'' has a similar relationship with [[Hardwicke's woolly bat]]s (''Kerivoula hardwickii'').<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Grafe |first1=T. Ulmar |last2=Schöner |first2=Caroline R. |last3=Kerth |first3=Gerald |last4=Junaidi |first4=Anissa |last5=Schöner |first5=Michael G. |date=2011-06-23 |title=A novel resource–service mutualism between bats and pitcher plants |journal=Biology Letters |language=en |volume=7 |issue=3 |pages=436–439 |doi=10.1098/rsbl.2010.1141 |issn=1744-9561 |pmc=3097880 |pmid=21270023}}</ref> The bats roost inside the pitchers and the plants derive much of their foliar nitrogen from the feces of the bats. Compared to other varieties of ''Nepenthes rafflesiana'' that do not exhibit this form of mutualism, ''N. rafflesiana'' var. ''elongata'' has elongated pitchers that can accommodate both single bats and mother-juvenile pairs. As well as its elongated shape, ''N. rafflesiana'' var. ''elongata'' has reduced volumes of pitcher fluid compared to other species, leaving more space to accommodate the bats.