Editing Photography (section)

=== Cameras ===
{{Main|Camera}}
The camera is the image-forming device, and a [[photographic plate]], [[photographic film]] or a [[silicon]] electronic [[image sensor]] is the capture medium. The respective recording medium can be the plate or film itself, or a digital magnetic or electronic memory.<ref>{{cite web
| url          = http://www.dpreview.com/learn/?/glossary/
| title        = Glossary: Digital Photography Review
| publisher    = Dpreview.com
| access-date   = 24 June 2013
| archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20130118033153/http://www.dpreview.com/learn/?%2Fglossary%2F
| archive-date = 18 January 2013
| url-status   = dead
}}</ref>

Photographers control the camera and lens to "expose" the light recording material to the required amount of light to form a "[[latent image]]" (on plate or film) or [[RAW file]] (in digital cameras) which, after appropriate processing, is converted to a usable image. [[Digital photography|Digital cameras]] use an electronic image sensor based on light-sensitive electronics such as [[charge-coupled device]] (CCD) or [[complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor]] (CMOS) technology. The resulting digital image is stored electronically, but can be reproduced on a paper.

The camera (or '[[camera obscura]]') is a dark room or chamber from which, as far as possible, all light is excluded except the light that forms the image. It was discovered and used in the 16th century by painters. The subject being photographed, however, must be illuminated. Cameras can range from small to very large, a whole room that is kept dark while the object to be photographed is in another room where it is properly illuminated. This was common for reproduction photography of flat copy when large film negatives were used (see [[Process camera]]).

As soon as photographic materials became "fast" (sensitive) enough for taking [[Candid photography|candid]] or surreptitious pictures, small "detective" cameras were made, some actually disguised as a book or handbag or pocket watch (the ''Ticka'' camera) or even worn hidden behind an [[Ascot tie|Ascot]] necktie with a tie pin that was really the lens.

The [[movie camera]] is a type of photographic camera that takes a rapid sequence of photographs on recording medium. In contrast to a still camera, which captures a single snapshot at a time, the movie camera takes a series of images, each called a "frame". This is accomplished through an intermittent mechanism. The frames are later played back in a movie projector at a specific speed, called the "frame rate" (number of frames per second). While viewing, a person's eyes and brain merge the separate pictures to create the illusion of motion.<ref>{{cite journal
| url         = http://www.uca.edu/org/ccsmi/ccsmi/classicwork/Myth%20Revisited.htm
| author1     = Anderson, Joseph
| author2     = Anderson, Barbara
| title       = The Myth of Persistence of Vision Revisited
| journal     = Journal of Film and Video
| volume      = 45
| issue       = 1
| date        = Spring 1993
| pages       = 3–12
| url-status  = dead
| archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20091124182503/http://www.uca.edu/org/ccsmi/ccsmi/classicwork/Myth%20Revisited.htm
| archive-date = 24 November 2009
}}</ref>