Editing Oceania (section)

====Australia====
{{Main|Prehistory of Australia|History of Indigenous Australians}}
[[File:Native Encampment by Skinner Prout, from Australia (1876, vol II).jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|A 19th-century engraving of an Aboriginal Australian encampment]]

[[Indigenous Australians]] are the original inhabitants of the Australian continent and nearby islands who migrated from [[Africa]] to [[Asia]] {{circa}} 70,000 years ago<ref name="scimag" /> and arrived in Australia {{circa}} 50,000 years ago.<ref name="illumina.com" /> They are believed to be among the [[Recent African origin of modern humans|earliest human migrations out of Africa]].<ref name="BBSRC" /> Although they likely migrated to Australia through Southeast Asia, they are not demonstrably related to any known Asian or Polynesian population.<ref name="ourcount" /> There is evidence of genetic and linguistic interchange between Australians in the far north and the Austronesian peoples of modern-day [[New Guinea]] and the islands, but this may be the result of recent trade and [[Interracial marriage|intermarriage]].<ref name="germs314" />

They reached [[Tasmania]] {{circa}} 40,000 years ago by migrating across a [[land bridge]] from the mainland that existed during the last [[ice age]].<ref name="prehis" /> It is believed that the first [[early human migration]] to Australia was achieved when this landmass formed part of the [[Sahul continent]], connected to the island of New Guinea via a land bridge.<ref name="perspe81" /> The [[Torres Strait Islanders]] are indigenous to the [[Torres Strait]] Islands, which are at the northernmost tip of [[Queensland]] near [[Papua New Guinea]].<ref name="uow2004" /> The earliest definite human remains found in Australia are that of [[Mungo Man]], which have been dated at {{circa}} 40,000 years old.<ref name="pmid4570638" />

It is estimated that 4% to 6% of the genome in [[Melanesians]] (e.g. Papua New Guinean and Bougainville Islander) derives from the [[Denisovan|Denisova hominin]], an ancient human species discovered in 2010, while no Eurasians or Africans displayed contributions of the Denisovan genes.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Reich|first=D.|author2=Green, R.E.|author3=Kircher, M.|author4=Krause, J.|author5=Patterson, N.|author6=Durand, E.Y.|title=Genetic history of an archaic hominin group from Denisova Cave in Siberia|journal=Nature|year=2010|volume=468|issue=7327|pages=1053–1060|doi=10.1038/nature09710|pmid=21179161|display-authors=etal|bibcode=2010Natur.468.1053R|pmc=4306417|url=http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/25596/1/Marques_nat_gen.pdf|hdl=10230/25596|archive-date=17 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200517024908/https://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/handle/10230/25596/Marques_nat_gen.pdf;jsessionid=35CCDAE27CDE1B5CACE38275BC976DFA?sequence=1|url-status=live}}</ref>