Editing Neoclassicism (section)

=== Italy ===
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File:Palazzo Grassi Canal Grande Venezia.jpg|alt=|[[Palazzo Grassi]], on the Grand Canal in [[Venice]], by [[Giorgio Massari]], 1748–1772

File:Milano - Teatro la Scala.JPG|alt=|[[La Scala]] Opera House, [[Milan]], by [[Giuseppe Piermarini]], completed in 1778

File:8859 - Milano - P.za Belgiojoso - Palazzo Belgiojoso - Foto Giovanni Dall'Orto - 14-Apr-2007.jpg|alt=|[[Palazzo Belgioioso]], Milan, by [[Giuseppe Piermarini]], 1781

File:Milano - Villa Reale - facciata sud - 06.jpg|alt=|[[Villa Belgiojoso Bonaparte]], Milan, by [[Leopoldo Pollack]], 1790–1796

File:Napoli 2010 -Piazza del Plebiscito- by-RaBoe 056.jpg|alt=|[[Piazza del Plebiscito]], Naples, unknown architect, 1809–1846

File:Roma Piazza del Popolo due.jpg|alt=|[[Piazza del Popolo]] (Rome), redesigned between 1811 and 1822, by [[Giuseppe Valadier]]

Education of the Infant Bacchus MET DP150925.jpg|Education of the Infant Bacchus; by [[Niccolò Amastini]]; first half 19th century; onyx with gold frame; overall (in setting): 6.5 x 4.8&nbsp;cm; [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]], New York City
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From the second half of the 18th century through the 19th century, Italy went through a great deal of socio-economic changes, several foreign invasions and the turbulent Risorgimento, which resulted in [[Italian unification]] in 1861. Thus, Italian art went through a series of minor and major changes in style.

Italian Neoclassicism was the earliest manifestation of the general period known as Neoclassicism and lasted more than the other national variants of neoclassicism. It developed in opposition to the Baroque style around {{circa|1750}} and lasted until {{circa|1850|lk=no}}. Neoclassicism began around the period of the rediscovery of Pompeii and spread all over Europe as a generation of art students returned to their countries from the [[Grand Tour]] in Italy with rediscovered Greco-Roman ideals. It first centred in Rome where artists such as [[Antonio Canova]] and Jacques-Louis David were active in the second half of the 18th century, before moving to Paris. Painters of [[Veduta|Vedute]], like [[Canaletto]] and [[Giovanni Paolo Panini]], also enjoyed a huge success during the Grand Tour. Neoclassical architecture was inspired by the Renaissance works of [[Andrea Palladio]] and saw in [[Luigi Vanvitelli]] the main interpreters of the style.

Classicist literature had a great impact on the Risorgimento movement: the main figures of the period include [[Vittorio Alfieri]], [[Giuseppe Parini]], [[Vincenzo Monti]] and [[Ugo Foscolo]], [[Giacomo Leopardi]] and [[Alessandro Manzoni]] (nephew of [[Cesare Beccaria]]), who were also influenced by the French Enlightenment and German Romanticism. The virtuoso violinist [[Paganini]] and the operas of [[Rossini]], [[Donnizetti]], [[Vincenzo Bellini|Bellini]] and, later, [[Verdi]] dominated the scene in Italian classical and romantic music.

The art of [[Francesco Hayez]] and especially that of the [[Macchiaioli]] represented a break with the classical school, which came to an end as Italy unified (see Italian modern and contemporary art). Neoclassicism was the last Italian-born style, after the Renaissance and Baroque, to spread to all Western Art.