Editing Navarre (section)

== Politics ==

=== Institutions and status ===
[[File:Pamplona - Policia Foral de Navarra1.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Patrol unit from the [[Policía Foral]], the Navarrese autonomous police force, that largely replaces the [[Policía Nacional (Spain)|Spanish National Police]] and the [[Civil Guard (Spain)|Civil Guard]] in this territory.]]
After the end of [[Francoist Spain|Franco's dictatorship]], Navarre became one of the 17 [[Autonomous communities of Spain|Autonomous Communities]] in Spain. The community ceremonies, education, and social services, together with housing, urban development, and environment protection policies are under the responsibility of Navarre's political institutions. As in the rest of the communities, Navarre has a [[Parliament of Navarre|Parliament]] elected every four years, and the majority in this Parliament determines the president of the Community, who is in charge of Navarre's government. Unlike most other autonomous communities of Spain (but like the [[Basque Country (autonomous community)|Basque Autonomous Community]]), Navarre has almost full responsibility for collecting and administering taxes which must follow the overall guidelines established by the Spanish government but may have some minor differences.

The first 3 presidents of the community belonged to the extinct [[Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain)|Union of the Democratic Centre]] (UCD) party. After 1984 the government was ruled by either the [[Socialist Party of Navarre]] (PSN – PSOE, one of the federative components of the [[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party]], main centre-left wing party in Spain) or the [[Navarrese People's Union]] (UPN) (a Navarrese party that had a long alliance with the [[People's Party (Spain)|People's Party]] (PP), main right-wing party in Spain). However, in 2015 [[Uxue Barkos]] ([[Geroa Bai]]) became president with the support of [[EH Bildu]], [[Podemos (Spanish political party)|Podemos]] and [[Izquierda-Ezkerra]]. She is the first [[Basque nationalism|Basque nationalist]] president in Navarre.

[[Basque nationalism|Basque nationalist]] parties also represent a sizeable part of the vote (around 31% in the [[Navarrese regional election, 2015|2015 elections]]), and a majority in most of the northern areas. Basque nationalist parties have as a key point in their agendas to [[Southern Basque Country|merge Navarre into the Basque Autonomous Community]] by referendum (as predicted in the Spanish constitution). All Spain-based parties, as well as UPN and PSN, oppose this move.

=== Present-day political dynamics ===

[[File:NavarreParliamentDiagram2019.svg|thumb|Seat distribution in the Parliament of Navarre since 2019.
{{legend|{{party color|EH Bildu}}|[[EH Bildu]] (7)}}
{{legend|{{party color|Izquierda-Ezkerra}}|[[Izquierda-Ezkerra]] (1)}}
{{legend|{{party color|Podemos (Spanish political party)}}|[[Podemos (Spanish political party)|Podemos-Ahal Dugu]] (2)}}
{{legend|{{party color|Geroa Bai}}|[[Geroa Bai]] (9)}}
{{legend|{{party color|Socialist Party of Navarre}}|[[Socialist Party of Navarre|PSN]] (11)}}
{{legend|{{party color|Navarra Suma}}|[[Navarra Suma]] (20)}}]]
Politics in Navarre have been marked by fierce rivalry between two blocs representing different national identities that are part of Navarre society: the pro-Basque EH Bildu and the Basque nationalist Geroa Bai parties, on the one side, and the institutional pro-Spanish parties, UPN, PP and PSN on the other. Parties on the pro-Basque spectrum demand further sovereignty in internal affairs of Navarre and closer relationship with the districts of the [[Basque Autonomous Community]]. Another 2013–2014 controversy refers to the alleged ideological profiling of public school Basque language teachers, billed as "[[ETA (separatist group)|ETA]] supporting teachers".<ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-11-21|title=La Guardia Civil alerta: ETA se infiltra en la escuela navarra|url=https://www.elmundo.es/espana/2013/11/21/528d1a930ab740620d8b4585.html|access-date=2022-01-18|website=ELMUNDO|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|date=December 2013|title=Nafarroako D ereduko 1.600 irakasle ikertu ditu poliziak ETArekin zerikusia izan dezaketelakoan|url=http://www.hikhasi.eus/uploads/erab_1/2013/12/1498220304-183.hikhas_119.%20alea%20ANTZA.pdf|journal=Hik Hasi|volume=189|pages=441}}</ref>

Since the establishment of Navarre's present status (the ''Amejoramiento'', the 'Betterment') in 1982, the successive regional governments ruled by UPN and PSN have been shaken by frequent political instability and [[Corruption in Navarre|corruption scandals]], with UPN's Miguel Sanz's term being the most stable and longest, extending from 2001 to 2011. Between 2012 and 2014, a series of corruption scandals broke out involving regional president [[Yolanda Barcina]] and other regional government officials that included influence peddling, embezzlement, misappropriation of funds and mismanagement leading to the [[Caja Navarra scandal|bankruptcy of Caja Navarra]].<ref>{{cite news|title=La Cámara de Comptos constata que el Gobierno hizo dejación de funciones al no controlar Caja Navarra |url=http://www.noticiasdenavarra.com/2014/02/13/politica/navarra/la-camara-de-comptos-constata-que-el-gobierno-hizo-dejacion-de-funciones-al-no-controlar-caja-navarra |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140215090818/http://www.noticiasdenavarra.com/2014/02/13/politica/navarra/la-camara-de-comptos-constata-que-el-gobierno-hizo-dejacion-de-funciones-al-no-controlar-caja-navarra |url-status=dead |archive-date=15 February 2014 |newspaper=Noticias de Navarra |date=13 February 2014 |access-date=14 February 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title= Barcina y Sanz duplicaban la reuniones de Caja Navarra para cobrar más en dietas |url= http://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20130307/54369078179/barcina-sanz-duplicaban-reuniones-caja-navarra-cobrar-mas-dietas.html|newspaper=La Vanguardia |date= 7 March 2013|access-date=14 February 2014}}</ref> By November 2012, the PSN—UPN's standing ally in Navarre up to that point—backed down on its support of UPN, but refused to impeach Yolanda Barcina or search new political alliances, leaving a deadlocked government. The regional president, widely questioned in Navarre as of 2012 and relying only on the PP central government's backup, went on to urge the [[Constitutional Court of Spain|Constitutional Court]] to challenge several decisions made by the [[Parliament of Navarre]].<ref>{{cite news |title= Barcina arriesga el régimen foral para salvar su Gobierno |url= http://www.naiz.info/eu/actualidad/noticia/20130811/barcina-arriesga-el-regimen-foral-para-salvar-su-gobierno|newspaper=Naiz |date= 11 August 2013|access-date=14 February 2014}}</ref>

After the latest scandal and corruption allegations affecting a secretary of her cabinet (Lourdes Goicoechea, regional public finance secretary) in February 2014,<ref>{{cite news |title= La exdirectora de Hacienda acusa a Lourdes Goicoechea de presionar sobre inspecciones a determinados clientes |url= http://www.noticiasdenavarra.com/2014/02/11/politica/navarra/la-exdirectora-de-hacienda-acusa-a-lourdes-goicoechea-de-presionar-sobre-inspecciones-a-determinados-clientes |newspaper= Noticias de Navarra |date= 11 February 2014 |access-date= 14 February 2014 |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://archive.today/20140215090806/http://www.noticiasdenavarra.com/2014/02/11/politica/navarra/la-exdirectora-de-hacienda-acusa-a-lourdes-goicoechea-de-presionar-sobre-inspecciones-a-determinados-clientes |archive-date= 15 February 2014 }}</ref> the Spanish home office secretary [[Jorge Fernández Díaz]] stepped in warning leading members of PSN that "Navarre is strategic for Spain", and asserting that any other political alliance means "supporting ETA". The Justice secretary in Madrid [[Alberto Ruiz Gallardón]] in turn stated that "the worst political error is not corruption" but getting along with [[Bildu]] (a Basque pro-independence coalition).<ref>{{cite news |title= Fernández Díaz: "Navarra es estratégica para España" |url= http://www.naiz.info/eu/actualidad/noticia/20140213/fernandez-diaz-navarra-es-estrategica-para-espana |newspaper=Naiz |date= 13 February 2014|access-date=14 February 2014}}</ref> In May 2015, the elections for Navarre Parliament left a better result for pro-Basque parties, which managed to establish an alliance, [[Uxue Barkos]] from Geroa Bai being elected president of Navarre for the period 2015 – 2019. June 2019 elections, however, turned the tide, when rightist forces reunited in the platform [[Navarra Suma]], made up of UPN, PP and [[Citizens (Spanish political party)|Ciudadanos]], and garnered 20 MPs, 40% of the seats in the Parliament of Navarre, although both Geroa Bai and EH Bildu increased their vote share.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.eldiario.es/politica/MINUTO-POLITICO-exigencias-Vox-Madrid_13_904439548_29036.html|title=Navarra Suma arrebata un escaño a EH Bildu y consigue 20 parlamentarios e Izquierda-Ezkerra mantiene el suyo|website=Hazte socio de eldiario.es|date=29 May 2019|language=es|access-date=2019-06-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.elperiodico.com/es/politica/20190311/pp-ciudadanos-upn-pacto-electoral-navarra-7347336|title=PP, Cs y UPN se presentarán juntos en la plataforma 'Navarra suma'|last=Santos|first=Pilar|date=2019-03-11|website=elperiodico|language=es|access-date=2019-06-05}}</ref> Following the election results, PSN's [[María Chivite]] was elected president with the support provided by progressive forces, handing over Pamplona's council to Navarra Suma and explicitly excluding EH Bildu from any talks or alliances, but relying on its abstention for her inauguration.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://elpais.com/politica/2019/06/10/actualidad/1560191462_814317.html|title=El PSOE facilitará Pamplona a la derecha sin renunciar al Gobierno de Navarra|last=Marcos|first=José|date=2019-06-11|work=El País|access-date=2019-10-04|language=es|issn=1134-6582}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.europapress.es/nacional/noticia-maria-chivite-tomara-manana-posesion-presidenta-gobierno-navarra-20190805144107.html|title=María Chivite tomará posesión este martes como presidenta del Gobierno de Navarra|date=2019-08-05|publisher=Europa Press|access-date=2019-10-04}}</ref>

In December 2017, the Navarrese parliament passed a law splitting teachers aspiring to work in the state-run education network into two different professional categories, one for those qualified in [[Basque language|Basque]] and [[Spanish language|Spanish]], and another for Spanish monolinguals, so thwarting with the vote of [[Izquierda-Ezkerra]] (integrated in the regional government) the new progressive government's plan to have just one; the latter echoes a long-running demand of education unions.<ref>{{cite news |title= IU hace fracasar el intento del Gobierno de implantar la lista única para euskera y castellano en la próxima OPE de Educación|author=N.Elia |url= http://www.eldiario.es/norte/navarra/IU-Gobierno-castellano-OPE-Educacion_0_720928907.html|newspaper=El Diario|date= 21 December 2017|access-date=23 December 2017}}</ref> In July 2018, the [[Constitutional Court of Spain]] suspended the Far Right's and Civil Servants' Victims Act passed by the [[Parliament of Navarre]] in 2015.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.eldiario.es/norte/navarra/ultima_hora/Constitucional-victimas-extrema-funcionarios-publicos_0_797920399.html|title=El Constitucional anula la ley foral de víctimas de extrema derecha y funcionarios públicos|work=eldiario.es|access-date=2018-07-31|language=es}}</ref> Three months later, the chief executive officer of the [[National Police Corps|National Police]] in Navarre stepped down for the disclosure of a fake [[Twitter]] account he owned that praised [[Antonio Tejero]], as well as Vox leader [[Santiago Abascal]] as a new [[José Antonio Primo de Rivera|Jose Antonio]], also insulting a number of Catalan and Basque nationalist and leftist figures.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.eldiario.es/politica/Twitter-Policia-Nacional-Navarra-nacionalistas_0_827668239.html|title=Una cuenta secreta de Twitter del jefe de la Policía Nacional en Navarra insulta a políticos de izquierdas y nacionalistas|work=eldiario.es|access-date=2018-10-25|language=es}}</ref> In October 2019, the High Court of Navarre ruled against the public use of bilingual signalling and institutional announcements in Mixed-Speaking and Non-Basque Speaking areas, also proscribing the consideration of Basque as a merit in job positions, unless strictly needed; the judgement sparked an uproar among some parties in the coalition government of Navarre, as well as EH Bildu, but was saluted by the PSN and Navarra Suma.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.eitb.eus/es/noticias/sociedad/detalle/6707940/los-partidos-estan-divididos-sentencia-valoracion-euskera/|title=Los partidos están divididos por la sentencia de la valoración del euskera|website=www.eitb.eus|language=es|access-date=2019-10-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.eitb.eus/es/noticias/sociedad/detalle/6706891/anulan-euskera-merito-zonas-mixta-no-vascofona-navarra/|title=Anulan la valoración del euskera como mérito en las zonas 'mixta' y 'no vascófona'|website=www.eitb.eus|date=October 2019 |language=es|access-date=2019-10-01}}</ref>