Editing Muslim Brotherhood (section)

===2011 revolution and after===
{{Further|2011 Egyptian revolution|Freedom and Justice Party (Egypt)|2013 Egyptian coup d'état}}
Following the [[2011 Egyptian revolution]] and fall of [[Hosni Mubarak]], the Brotherhood was legalized<ref name=MBSharia>{{cite web|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/n.php?n=8220shari8217a-law-in-egypt-is-enough-for-us8221-tells-a-muslim-brotherhood-leader-2011-05-23|title='Shariah in Egypt is enough for us,' Muslim Brotherhood leader says|work=Hürriyet Daily News|date=23 May 2011|access-date=28 November 2012|archive-date=26 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726005024/http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/n.php?n=8220shari8217a-law-in-egypt-is-enough-for-us8221-tells-a-muslim-brotherhood-leader-2011-05-23|url-status=dead}}</ref> and was at first very successful, dominating the [[2011–12 Egyptian parliamentary election|2011 parliamentary election]] and winning the [[2012 Egyptian presidential election|2012 presidential election]], before the [[2013 Egyptian coup d'état|overthrow]] of President [[Mohamed Morsi]] a year later, leading to a crackdown on the Brotherhood again.

On 30 April 2011, the Brotherhood launched a new party called the [[Freedom and Justice Party (Egypt)|Freedom and Justice Party]], which won 235 of the 498 seats in the [[2011–12 Egyptian parliamentary election|2011 Egyptian parliamentary elections]], far more than any other party.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/interactive/2012/01/20121248225832718.html|title=Interactive: Full Egypt election results|publisher=Al Jazeera|date=1 February 2012|access-date=22 September 2013|archive-date=7 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200907113107/https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/interactive/2012/01/20121248225832718.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Souaiaia, Ahmed">{{cite news|last=Souaiaia|first=Ahmed|title=Egypt and the Islamists|url=http://www.fpif.org/articles/egypt_and_the_islamists|work=FPIF|date=26 January 2012|publisher=Foreign Policy in Focus|access-date=2 June 2012|archive-date=9 May 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120509202512/http://www.fpif.org/articles/egypt_and_the_islamists|url-status=live}}</ref> The party rejected the "candidacy of women or Copts for Egypt's presidency", but not for cabinet positions.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ikhwanweb.com/article.php?id=28554|title=Freedom and Justice Party Open to Copt as Deputy|date=11 May 2011|publisher=ikhwanweb|access-date=7 September 2011|archive-date=26 October 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111026160140/http://www.ikhwanweb.com/article.php?id=28554|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[File:Secretary Kerry Meets With Egyptian President Morsy in Addis Ababa (2).jpg|thumb|Then-U.S. Secretary of State [[John Kerry]] meeting with then-Egyptian President [[Mohamed Morsi]], May 2013]]
The Muslim Brotherhood's candidate for Egypt's 2012 presidential election was [[Mohamed Morsi]], who defeated [[Ahmed Shafiq]]—the last prime minister under Mubarak's rule—with 51.73% of the vote.<ref>{{cite web|author=All Things Considered|url=https://www.npr.org/2012/06/19/155380953/a-look-at-egypts-muslim-brotherhood-candidate|title=A Look at Egypt's Muslim Brotherhood Candidate|publisher=NPR|date=19 June 2012|access-date=11 November 2012|archive-date=10 September 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120910090559/http://www.npr.org/2012/06/19/155380953/a-look-at-egypts-muslim-brotherhood-candidate|url-status=live}}</ref> Although during his campaign Morsi himself promised to stand for peaceful relations with Israel,<ref name="CNN">{{cite news |date=15 June 2012 |url=https://www.cnn.com/2012/06/15/world/meast/egypt-election-morsi/index.html |title=Islamic presidential candidate promises democracy in Egypt |publisher=CNN |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120623220659/https://articles.cnn.com/2012-06-15/middleeast/world_meast_egypt-election-morsi_1_prime-minister-ahmed-shafik-islamic-muslim-brotherhood?_s=PM%3AMIDDLEEAST |archive-date=23 June 2012}}</ref> some high level supporters and former Brotherhood officials (from the organization's 15-member Guidance Council) reiterated hostility towards Zionism.<ref name="ADL">{{cite web|url=http://www.adl.org/main_International_Affairs/muslim_brotherhood.htm|title=Brotherhood of Hate: Muslim Brotherhood's Hatred for Jews and Israel Flourishes in "New" Egypt – Introduction|date=12 December 2011|publisher=Anti-Defamation League|access-date=28 November 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121211104633/http://www.adl.org/main_International_Affairs/muslim_brotherhood.htm|archive-date=11 December 2012}}</ref> For example, Egyptian cleric [[Safwat Hegazi]] spoke at the announcement rally for the Muslim Brotherhood's candidate Morsi and expressed his hope and belief that Morsi would liberate Gaza, restore the Caliphate of the "United States of the Arabs" with [[Jerusalem]] as its capital, and that "our cry shall be: 'Millions of martyrs march towards Jerusalem.'" Within a short period, serious public opposition developed to President Morsi. In late November 2012, he temporarily granted himself the power to [[legislate]] without judicial oversight or review of his acts, on the grounds that he needed to protect the nation from the Mubarak-era power structure.<ref>{{cite news|last=Hendawi|first=Hamza |url=http://www.salon.com/2012/11/28/egyptian_courts_suspend_work_to_protest_morsi_decrees/singleton/|title=Egyptian courts suspend work to protest Morsi decrees|newspaper=Salon|date=28 November 2012|access-date=8 December 2012|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121209125608/http://www.salon.com/2012/11/28/egyptian_courts_suspend_work_to_protest_morsi_decrees/singleton/|archive-date=9 December 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://mideast.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2012/11/28/power_grab_on_egypts_unions|title=Egyptian Labor between Morsi and Mubarak|author=Dina Bishara|magazine=Foreign Policy|date=28 November 2012|access-date=8 December 2012|archive-date=2 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121202023112/http://mideast.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2012/11/28/power_grab_on_egypts_unions|url-status=dead}}</ref> He also put a draft constitution to a [[2012 Egyptian constitutional referendum|referendum]] that opponents complained was "an Islamist coup".<ref name=rule>{{cite magazine|last=El Rashidi|first=Yasmine|title=Egypt: The Rule of the Brotherhood|magazine=The New York Review of Books|date=7 February 2013|url=http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2013/feb/07/egypt-rule-brotherhood/?pagination=false|access-date=24 September 2013|quote=The Islamists' TV channels and press called the completion of the draft constitution an "achievement," "historic," "an occasion," "another step toward achieving the goals of the revolution." The independent and opposition press described it as "an Islamist coup."|archive-date=20 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130920032637/http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2013/feb/07/egypt-rule-brotherhood/?pagination=false|url-status=live}}</ref> These issues<ref name="alarab912">{{cite news|title=Egypt's Mursi annuls controversial decree, opposition says not enough|url=http://english.alarabiya.net/articles/2012/12/09/254059.html|access-date=9 December 2012|publisher=Al Arabiya|date=9 December 2012|quote=The two issues&nbsp;– the decree and the referendum&nbsp;– were at the heart of anti-Mursi protests that have rocked Egypt in the past two weeks.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121209000212/http://english.alarabiya.net/articles/2012/12/09/254059.html|archive-date=9 December 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>—and concerns over the prosecutions of journalists, the unleashing of pro-Brotherhood gangs on nonviolent demonstrators, the continuation of military trials, new laws that permitted detention without judicial review for up to 30 days,<ref name=continue>{{cite news|last=Williams|first=Daniel|title=Muslim Brotherhood abuses continue under Egypt's military|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/muslim-brotherhood-abuses-continue-under-egypts-military/2013/08/15/56582d5c-05e2-11e3-a07f-49ddc7417125_story.html|access-date=22 August 2013|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=15 August 2013|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927053305/http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2013-08-15/opinions/41412548_1_muslim-brotherhood-human-rights-watch-military-trials|archive-date=27 September 2013}}</ref> brought hundreds of thousands of [[2012–2013 Egyptian protests|protesters]] to the streets starting in November 2012.<ref>{{cite news|author=David D. Kirkpatrick|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/12/09/world/middleeast/egypt-protests.html?pagewanted=2|title=President Mohamed Morsi of Egypt Said to Prepare Martial Law Decree|location=Egypt|newspaper=The New York Times|date=26 April 2012|access-date=8 December 2012|archive-date=11 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121211014938/http://www.nytimes.com/2012/12/09/world/middleeast/egypt-protests.html?pagewanted=2|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Egyptians take anti-Morsi protests to presidential palace|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/egyptians-take-antimorsi-protests-to-presidential-palace-8385721.html|last1=McCrumen|first1=Stephanie|last2=Hauslohner|first2=Abigail|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|date=5 December 2012|access-date=5 December 2012|location=London|archive-date=25 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925180935/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/egyptians-take-antimorsi-protests-to-presidential-palace-8385721.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

By April 2013, Egypt had "become increasingly divided" between President Mohamed Morsi and "Islamist allies" and an opposition of "moderate Muslims, Christians and liberals". Opponents accused "Morsi and the Muslim Brotherhood of seeking to monopolize power, while Morsi's allies say the opposition is trying to destabilize the country to derail the elected leadership".<ref name=fray>{{cite news|title=Coptic pope's criticism of president marks trend in Egypt, where no one is above the fray|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle_east/egypts-coptic-pope-blasts-islamist-president-over-handling-of-recent-sectarian-violence/2013/04/09/ae39df50-a0f9-11e2-bd52-614156372695_story.html|access-date=9 April 2013|agency=Associated Press|date=9 April 2013}}{{dead link|date=June 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> Adding to the unrest were severe fuel shortages and electricity outages, which raised suspicions among some Egyptians that the end of gas and electricity shortages since the ouster of President Mohamed Morsi was evidence of a conspiracy to undermine him, although other Egyptians say it was evidence of Morsi's mismanagement of the economy.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/11/world/middleeast/improvements-in-egypt-suggest-a-campaign-that-undermined-morsi.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0 |title=Sudden Improvements in Egypt Suggest a Campaign to Undermine Morsi |first1=Ben |last1=Hubbard |first2=David D. |last2=Kirkpatrick |newspaper=The New York Times |date=10 July 2013 |access-date=22 February 2017 |archive-date=17 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170417174142/http://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/11/world/middleeast/improvements-in-egypt-suggest-a-campaign-that-undermined-morsi.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0 |url-status=live }}</ref>

On 3 July 2013, Mohamed Morsi was removed from office and put into house arrest by the military,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-23133174|title=Egypt's army gives parties 48 hours to resolve crisis|first=Jeremy|last=Bowen|work=BBC News|date=1 July 2013|access-date=5 September 2017|archive-date=16 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180616100432/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-23133174|url-status=live}}</ref> that happened shortly after [[June 2013 Egyptian protests|mass protests]] against him began.<ref name=misunderstood-quote>{{cite magazine|last=El Rashidi|first=Yasmine|title=Egypt: The Misunderstood Agony|magazine=The New York Review of Books|date=26 September 2013|url=http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2013/sep/26/egypt-misunderstood-agony/?pagination=false|quote=... 3.5 or 33 million Egyptians (the counts vary according to whom you choose to believe) who had taken to the streets on June 30 as part of the Tamarod movement. This protest was a symbolic vote of "no confidence" in President Morsi, urging him to step down, to call early elections, and to hand power to the chief justice in the interim.|access-date=24 September 2013|archive-date=20 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130920020747/http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2013/sep/26/egypt-misunderstood-agony/?pagination=false|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-23312656|title=Counting crowds: Was Egypt's uprising the biggest ever?|publisher=BBC News|date=16 July 2013|access-date=21 June 2018|archive-date=19 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180619194435/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-23312656|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jun/30/mohamed-morsi-egypt-protests|title=Protesters across Egypt call for Mohamed Morsi to go|date=30 June 2013|work=The Guardian}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://tv.msnbc.com/2013/07/01/top-weekend-links-millions-protest-in-egypt-to-oust-morsi/|title=Top Weekend Links: Millions protest in Egypt to oust Morsi|publisher=MSNBC|date=1 July 2013|access-date=12 July 2013|archive-date=4 July 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130704055404/http://tv.msnbc.com/2013/07/01/top-weekend-links-millions-protest-in-egypt-to-oust-morsi/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2013/07/01/egyptians-want-morsi-removed-as-massive-protests-continue-in-tahrir-square|title=Egyptians Want Morsi Removed as Massive Protests Continue in Tahrir Square|publisher=U.S. News & World Report|date=1 July 2013|access-date=5 September 2017|archive-date=10 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010025148/https://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2013/07/01/egyptians-want-morsi-removed-as-massive-protests-continue-in-tahrir-square|url-status=live}}</ref> demanding the resignation of Morsi. There were also significant counter-protests in support of Morsi;<ref name="huffingtonpost.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/07/12/morsi-supporters-protest_n_3585421.html|title=Morsi Supporters Protest In Egypt's Capital|publisher=HuffPost|date=12 July 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130716002559/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/07/12/morsi-supporters-protest_n_3585421.html|archive-date=16 July 2013}}</ref> those were originally intended to celebrate the one-year anniversary of Morsi's inauguration, and started days before the uprising.
On 14 August, the interim government declared a month-long state of emergency, and riot police cleared the pro-Morsi sit-in during the [[August 2013 Rabaa massacre|Rabaa sit-in dispersal of August 2013]]. Violence escalated rapidly following armed protesters attacking police, according to the [[National Council for Human Rights]]' report;<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.worldbulletin.net/middle-east/egypt-blames-morsi-supporters-for-rabaa-massacre-h130248.html|title=Egypt blames Morsi supporters for Rabaa massacre|website=worldbulletin.net|access-date=5 May 2020|archive-date=1 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001040923/https://www.worldbulletin.net/middle-east/egypt-blames-morsi-supporters-for-rabaa-massacre-h130248.html|url-status=usurped}}</ref> this led to the deaths of over 600 people and injury of some 4,000,<ref name="ahram1">{{cite news |url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/79160/Egypt/Politics-/Death-toll-from-Egypt-violence-rises-to--Health-mi.aspx |title=Death toll from Egypt violence rises to 638: Health ministry |newspaper=Al-Ahram |date=15 August 2013 |access-date=19 August 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130816130732/http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/79160/Egypt/Politics-/Death-toll-from-Egypt-violence-rises-to--Health-mi.aspx |archive-date=16 August 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/16/world/middleeast/egypt.html |title=Islamists Debate Their Next Move in Tense Cairo |author=Kirkpatrick, David D. |newspaper=The New York Times |date=15 August 2013 |access-date=19 August 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130817231843/http://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/16/world/middleeast/egypt.html?_r=0 |archive-date=17 August 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref> with the incident resulting in the most casualties in Egypt's modern history.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/11/14/world/middleeast/memory-egypt-mass-killing.html?_r=0|title=Memory of a Mass Killing Becomes Another Casualty of Egyptian Protests|work=The New York Times|date=13 November 2013|access-date=22 February 2017|archive-date=2 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161202103930/http://www.nytimes.com/2013/11/14/world/middleeast/memory-egypt-mass-killing.html?_r=0|url-status=live}}</ref> In retaliation, Brotherhood supporters looted and burned police stations and dozens of churches in response to the violence, though a Muslim Brotherhood spokesperson condemned the attacks on Christians and instead blamed military leaders for plotting the attacks.<ref name=churches>{{cite news|last=Allam|first=Hisham|title=As Egypt Smoulders, Churches Burn|url=http://original.antiwar.com/hisham-allam/2013/08/20/as-egypt-smoulders-churches-burn/|agency=Inter Press Service|access-date=25 September 2013|archive-date=27 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927234517/http://original.antiwar.com/hisham-allam/2013/08/20/as-egypt-smoulders-churches-burn/|url-status=live}}</ref> The crackdown that followed has been called the worst for the Brotherhood's organization "in eight decades".<ref name=run>{{cite news|last=Kirkpatrick|first=David|title=An Egypt Arrest, and a Brotherhood on the Run|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/21/world/middleeast/egypt.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0|access-date=25 September 2013|newspaper=The New York Times|date=20 August 2013|author2=Mayy El Sheikh|archive-date=28 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928170726/http://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/21/world/middleeast/egypt.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0|url-status=live}}</ref> By 19 August, [[Al Jazeera Media Network|Al Jazeera]] reported that "most" of the Brotherhood's leaders were in custody.<ref>{{cite web|title=More top Brotherhood members arrested by Egypt prosecutors|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/75681/Egypt/Politics-/More-top-Brotherhood-members-arrested-by-Egypt-pro.aspx|work=Ahram Online|access-date=4 July 2013|date=4 July 2013|archive-date=5 July 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130705031417/http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/75681/Egypt/Politics-/More-top-Brotherhood-members-arrested-by-Egypt-pro.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Egypt police arrest top Brotherhood leaders|url=http://www.jpost.com/Breaking-News/Egypt-police-arrest-top-Brotherhood-leaders-318651|work=The Jerusalem Post|access-date=4 July 2013|date=3 July 2013|archive-date=6 July 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130706055022/http://www.jpost.com/Breaking-News/Egypt-police-arrest-top-Brotherhood-leaders-318651|url-status=live}}</ref> On that day Supreme Leader [[Mohammed Badie]] was arrested,<ref>{{cite web|title=Egyptian military police arrest Brotherhood supreme guide|url=http://www.egyptindependent.com/news/egyptian-military-police-arrest-brotherhood-supreme-guide|work=Egypt Independent|access-date=4 July 2013|date=4 July 2013|archive-date=4 July 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130704235528/http://www.egyptindependent.com/news/egyptian-military-police-arrest-brotherhood-supreme-guide|url-status=live}}</ref> crossing a "red line", as even [[Hosni Mubarak]] had never arrested him.<ref name=badie>{{cite web|title=Egypt arrests Muslim Brotherhood's top leader|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2013/08/2013819235957279126.html|publisher=Al Jazeera|date=20 August 2013|access-date=25 September 2013|archive-date=11 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011072504/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2013/08/2013819235957279126.html|url-status=live}}</ref> On 23 September, a court ordered the group outlawed and its assets seized.<ref name=shut>{{cite web|url=https://huffingtonpost.com/2013/09/25/egypt-shuts-down-muslim-brotherhood-newspaper_n_3987152.html|title=Egypt Shuts Down Muslim Brotherhood Newspaper|publisher=Huffington Post|date=25 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304113238/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/09/25/egypt-shuts-down-muslim-brotherhood-newspaper_n_3987152.html|archive-date=4 March 2016 }}</ref> [[Prime Minister of Egypt|Prime Minister]], [[Hazem Al Beblawi]] on 21 December 2013, declared the Muslim Brotherhood as a terrorist organisation after a car bomb ripped through a police building and killed at least 14 people in the city of [[Mansoura, Egypt|Mansoura]], which the government blamed on the Muslim Brotherhood, despite no evidence and an unaffiliated [[Ansar Beit al-Maqdis|Sinai-based terror group]] claiming responsibility for the attack.<ref>{{cite news|agency=Agence France-Presse|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1076098/egypt-pm-labels-brotherhood-terrorist-group-after-bomb-kills-14|title=Egypt PM labels Brotherhood 'terrorist' group after bomb kills 14|work=Dawn|date=24 December 2013|access-date=18 January 2014|archive-date=25 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140125023157/http://www.dawn.com/news/1076098/egypt-pm-labels-brotherhood-terrorist-group-after-bomb-kills-14|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[File:Anti-coup protesters with R4bia sign in Nasr City-Cairo 11-Oct-2013.jpg|thumb|A group of pro-Brotherhood protesters holding the [[Rabia sign]] and making the associated gesture during a pro-Brotherhood protest held in October 2013]]

On 24 March 2014, an Egyptian court sentenced 529 members of the Muslim Brotherhood [[Capital punishment|to death]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1095268/egypt-sentences-529-morsi-supporters-to-death|title=Egyptian Court ordered Death sentence to 529 Members|work=Dawn|date=24 March 2014|access-date=24 March 2014|archive-date=24 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140324154308/http://www.dawn.com/news/1095268/egypt-sentences-529-morsi-supporters-to-death|url-status=live}}</ref> following an attack on a police station, an act described by [[Amnesty International]] as "the largest single batch of simultaneous death sentences we've seen in recent years [...] anywhere in the world".<ref>{{cite web|title=Egypt: sentencing to death of more than 500 people is a 'grotesque' ruling|url=https://www.amnesty.org.uk/press-releases/egypt-sentencing-death-more-500-people-grotesque-ruling|publisher=[[Amnesty International|amnesty.org.uk]]|date=24 March 2014|access-date=25 March 2014|archive-date=26 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140326174913/http://www.amnesty.org.uk/press-releases/egypt-sentencing-death-more-500-people-grotesque-ruling|url-status=live}}</ref> By May 2014, approximately 16,000 people (and as high as more than 40,000 by what ''[[The Economist]]'' calls an "independent count"),<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21603071-president-abdel-fattah-al-sisi-fails-bring-enough-voters-ballot-box|title=A coronation flop: President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi fails to bring enough voters to the ballot box|newspaper=The Economist|access-date=5 September 2017|archive-date=5 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170905233107/https://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21603071-president-abdel-fattah-al-sisi-fails-bring-enough-voters-ballot-box|url-status=live}}</ref> mostly Brotherhood members or supporters, have allegedly been arrested by police since the 2013 uprising.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/mar/24/egypt-death-sentence-529-morsi-supporters|title=Egypt sentences to death 529 supporters of Mohamed Morsi|work=The Guardian|date=24 March 2014|access-date=12 December 2016|archive-date=25 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170225205950/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/mar/24/egypt-death-sentence-529-morsi-supporters|url-status=live}}</ref> On 2 February 2015, an Egyptian court sentenced another 183 members of the Muslim Brotherhood to death.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-egypt-brotherhood-court-idUSKBN0L60VK20150202|title=Egypt court sentences 183 Muslim Brotherhood supporters to death|publisher=Reuters|date=2 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924213043/http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/02/02/us-egypt-brotherhood-court-idUSKBN0L60VK20150202 |archive-date=24 September 2015 }}</ref>

An editorial in ''[[The New York Times]]'' claimed that "leaders of the Muslim Brotherhood, which became the leading political movement in the wake of Egypt's 2011 popular uprising, are languishing in prison, unfairly branded as terrorists. ... Egypt's crushing authoritarianism could well persuade a significant number of its citizens that violence is the only tool they have for fighting back".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/05/opinion/sunday/reining-in-egypts-military-aid.html|title=Reining in Egypt's Military Aid|work=The New York Times|date=4 October 2014|access-date=22 February 2017|archive-date=18 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161218070328/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/05/opinion/sunday/reining-in-egypts-military-aid.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

Mohamed Morsi was sentenced to death on 16 May 2015, along with 120 others.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Hendawi |first1=Hamza |title=Ousted Egyptian President Mohammed Morsi Sentenced to Death |url=http://time.com/3881620/mohammed-morsi-death-sentence/ |access-date=22 May 2015 |date=16 May 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150526122742/http://time.com/3881620/mohammed-morsi-death-sentence |archive-date=26 May 2015}}</ref>

The Muslim Brotherhood claimed that Muslims did not carry out the [[Botroseya Church bombing]] and claimed it was a false flag conspiracy by the Egyptian government and Copts, in a statement released in Arabic on the FJP's website,<ref>{{cite news |last=نظمي |first=جميل |date=12 November 2016 |title=أهداف السيسي من تفجير الكاتدرائية.. قراءة في السيناريوهات المحتملة |url=http://www.fj-p.com/Our_news_Details.aspx?News_ID=106033 |newspaper=بوابة الحرية والعدالة |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211235454/http://www.fj-p.com/Our_news_Details.aspx?News_ID=106033 |archive-date=11 February 2017 |url-status=dead}}</ref> but its claim was challenged by [[100 Women (BBC)|100 Women]] participant Nervana Mahmoud<ref>{{cite web |last=Mahmoud |first=Nervana |date=13 December 2016 |title=Carnage at the Cathedral |url=https://nervana1.org/2016/12/13/carnage-at-the-cathedral/ |website=nervana1 |access-date=11 February 2017 |archive-date=11 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211160827/https://nervana1.org/2016/12/13/carnage-at-the-cathedral/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://twitter.com/IslamismMap/status/809014518663839745 |title=The #MuslimBrotherhood is equally complicit for the bombing of #Coptic church in #Cairo last Sunday, says @Nervana_1 |date=14 December 2016 |via=Twitter |access-date=7 June 2017 |archive-date=12 March 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170312194759/https://twitter.com/islamismmap/status/809014518663839745 |url-status=live }}</ref>{{Primary source inline|date=November 2020}} and Hoover Institution and Hudson Institute fellow Samuel Tadros.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://twitter.com/Samueltadros/status/808031186014633984 |title=The Muslim Brotherhood statement on today's bombing in Coptic Cathedral claims Sisi and Copts involved |last=Tadros |first=Samuel |date=11 December 2016 |via=Twitter |access-date=7 June 2017 |archive-date=12 March 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170312181223/https://twitter.com/samueltadros/status/808031186014633984 |url-status=live }}</ref>{{Primary source inline|date=November 2020}} The Muslim Brotherhood released an English-language commentary on the bombing and said it condemned the terrorist attack.<ref>{{cite news |date=16 December 2016 |title=Statement from Muslim Brotherhood official concerning Cairo church bombings |url=https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20161216-statement-from-muslim-brotherhood-official-concerning-cairo-church-bombings/ |newspaper=Middle East Monitor |access-date=11 February 2017 |archive-date=11 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211235319/https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20161216-statement-from-muslim-brotherhood-official-concerning-cairo-church-bombings/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

Qatar-based Muslim Brotherhood members are suspected to have helped a Muslim Brotherhood agent carry out the bombing, according to the Egyptian government.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Noueihed |first1=Lin |last2=Hassan |first2=Mohammed |date=13 December 2016 |title=Egypt says church bomber linked to Muslim Brotherhood |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-egypt-security-church-idUSKBN1421OO |work=Reuters |location=Cairo |access-date=1 July 2017 |archive-date=6 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170706045515/http://www.reuters.com/article/us-egypt-security-church-idUSKBN1421OO |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=13 December 2016 |title=Egypt accuses Muslim Brotherhood over church attack |url=http://m.france24.com/en/20161213-egypt-accuses-muslim-brotherhood-over-coptic-church-attack-suspect-mustafa |newspaper=FRANCE 24 |access-date=11 February 2017 |archive-date=11 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211044303/http://m.france24.com/en/20161213-egypt-accuses-muslim-brotherhood-over-coptic-church-attack-suspect-mustafa |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://stopterrorfinance.org/stories/511061350-the-tale-of-a-cairo-based-terrorist-cell-a-suicide-attack-and-international-reverberations|title=The Tale of a Cairo-Based Terrorist Cell, a Suicide Attack, and International Reverberations|date=23 December 2016|website=Stop Terror Finance|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019144904/http://stopterrorfinance.org/stories/511061350-the-tale-of-a-cairo-based-terrorist-cell-a-suicide-attack-and-international-reverberations|archive-date=19 October 2017|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The Qatar-based supporter was named as Mohab Mostafa El-Sayed Qassem.<ref>{{cite news |agency=Agence France-Presse |date=15 December 2016 |title=Doha denies involvement in Cairo church attack |url=http://www.arabnews.com/node/1024481/middle-east |newspaper=Arab News |location=DOHA |access-date=11 February 2017 |archive-date=11 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211235234/http://www.arabnews.com/node/1024481/middle-east |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=عطوان |first=عبد الباري |date=17 December 2016 |title=تلاسن حاد بالبيانات بين مصر ومجلس التعاون الخليجي بسبب اتهام قطر بالوقوف خلف تفجير الكنيسة البطرسية الاحد الماضي.. الزياني يشكك.. والخارجية المصرية تؤكد وتطالبه بتحري الدقة.. اين الحقيقة؟ |url=http://www.raialyoum.com/?p=584216 |newspaper=راي اليوم |access-date=11 February 2017 |archive-date=11 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211160640/http://www.raialyoum.com/?p=584216 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=13 December 2016 |title=Egypt says church bomber linked to Muslim Brotherhood |url=http://www.thenational.ae/world/middle-east/egypt-says-church-bomber-linked-to-muslim-brotherhood |work=The Nation |access-date=27 February 2017 |archive-date=28 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170228080433/http://www.thenational.ae/world/middle-east/egypt-says-church-bomber-linked-to-muslim-brotherhood |url-status=live }}</ref> The terrorist was named as Mahmoud Shafiq Mohamed Mostaf.<ref>{{cite news |last=Gryboski |first=Michael |date=13 December 2016 |title=22-Y-O Suicide Bomber Who Killed 24 at Cairo's Coptic Church Linked to Terror Group |url=http://www.christianpost.com/news/22-year-old-suicide-bomber-who-killed-24-cairos-coptic-church-linked-to-terror-group-172104/print.html#.WFCZkQozo2A.twitter |newspaper=The Christian Post |access-date=11 February 2017 |archive-date=11 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211160559/http://www.christianpost.com/news/22-year-old-suicide-bomber-who-killed-24-cairos-coptic-church-linked-to-terror-group-172104/print.html#.WFCZkQozo2A.twitter |url-status=live }}</ref>

The Arabic-language website of the Muslim Brotherhood commemorated the anniversary of the death of its leader, Hassan al-Banna, and repeated his words calling for the teachings of Islam to spread all over the world and to raise the "flag of Jihad", taking their land, "regaining their glory", "including diaspora Muslims" and demanding an [[Islamic state]] and a Muslim government, a Muslim people, a Muslim house, and Muslim individuals.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.ikhwanonline.com/Article.aspx?ArtID=228915&SecID=212 |title=في ذكرى استشهاد الإمام.. الإخوان على عهد الكفاح ماضون |last=صالح |first=صالح |date=12 February 2017 |website=إخوان أون لاين |access-date=16 February 2017 |archive-date=16 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216131632/http://www.ikhwanonline.com/Article.aspx?ArtID=228915&SecID=212 |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[Mekameleen TV]], a Turkey-based free-to-air satellite television channel run by exiled Brotherhood supporters, mourned his death and claimed it was "martyrdom". Mekameleen supports the Brotherhood.<ref>{{cite news |title=Egyptian soldiers accused of killing unarmed Sinai men in leaked video |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-39670873 |date=21 April 2017 |work=[[BBC News]] |access-date=26 August 2020 |archive-date=18 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190818033745/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-39670873 |url-status=live }}</ref> Condolences were sent upon Omar Abdel Rahman's death by the website of the Muslim Brotherhood's Freedom and Justice Party in Egypt.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://fj-p.com/Our_news_Details.aspx?News_ID=109684 |title=الإخوان المسلمون ينعون للأمة الشيخ عمر عبدالرحمن |date=18 February 2017 |access-date=5 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170905231822/http://fj-p.com/Our_news_Details.aspx?News_ID=109684 |archive-date=5 September 2017 |url-status=dead}}</ref>