Editing Multi-exposure HDR capture (section)

==Devices==
=== Post-capture software ===
Several software applications are available on the PC, Mac, and Linux platforms for producing HDR files and tone mapped images.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.digitalcameraworld.com/buying-guides/best-hdr-software |title=The best HDR software in 2022: produce super-realistic high dynamic range images |author=Parnell-Brookes, Jason |date=December 28, 2021 |work=Digital Camera World |access-date=15 December 2022}}</ref> Notable titles include:
{{Div col|colwidth=14.5em}}
* [[Adobe Photoshop]]
* [[Affinity Photo]]
* [[Aurora HDR]]
* [[Dynamic Photo HDR]]
* [[EasyHDR]]
* [[GIMP]]
* [[HDR PhotoStudio]]
* [[Luminance HDR]]
* [[Nik Collection]] HDR Efex Pro
* [[Oloneo PhotoEngine]]
* [[Photomatix Pro]]
* [[PTGui]]
* SNS-HDR
{{Div col end}}

=== Photography ===
{{See also|Computational photography}}
Several camera manufacturers  offer built-in multi-exposure HDR features. For example, the [[Pentax K-7]] DSLR has an HDR mode that makes 3 or 5 exposures and outputs (only) a tone mapped HDR image in a JPEG file.<ref>{{cite web|last=Howard|first=Jack|date=May 20, 2009|title=The Pentax K-7: The Era of In-camera High Dynamic Range Imaging Has Arrived!|url=http://www.adorama.com/alc/0011608/blogarticle/The-Pentax-K-7-The-era-of-in-camera-High-Dynamic-Range-Imaging-has-arrived|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141223124601/http://www.adorama.com/alc/0011608/blogarticle/The-Pentax-K-7-The-era-of-in-camera-High-Dynamic-Range-Imaging-has-arrived|archive-date=December 23, 2014|access-date=18 August 2009|work=Adorama Learning Center|publisher=[[Adorama]]}}</ref> The [[Canon PowerShot G12]], [[Canon PowerShot S95]], and [[Canon PowerShot S100]] offer similar features in a smaller format.<ref>{{cite web|last=Mokey|first=Nick|date=September 14, 2010|title=Canon PowerShot G12 picks up HD video recording, built-in HDR|url=http://www.digitaltrends.com/photography/cameras/canon-powershot-g12-picks-up-hd-video-recording-built-in-hdr/?news=123|access-date=June 12, 2020|work=[[Digital Trends]]}}</ref> Nikon's approach is called 'Active D-Lighting' which applies exposure compensation and tone mapping to the image as it comes from the sensor, with the emphasis being on creating a realistic effect.<ref>{{cite web|last=Heiner|first=Steve|date=2017|title=Intermediate: Balancing Photo Exposures with Active D-lighting|url=https://www.nikonusa.com/en/learn-and-explore/a/ideas-and-inspiration/balancing-photo-exposures-with-nikons-active-d-lighting.html|access-date=August 2, 2017|work=Nikon Learn and Explore|publisher=[[Nikon]]|department="Ideas and Inspiration" section}}</ref>

Some [[smartphone]]s provide HDR modes for their cameras, and most [[mobile platform]]s have apps that provide multi-exposure HDR picture taking.<ref>[[Android (operating system)|Android]] examples: {{cite web|title=Apps: HDR mode|url=https://play.google.com/store/search?q=hdr%20mode&c=apps|access-date=June 12, 2020|work=Google Play}}</ref> Google released a HDR+ mode for the [[Nexus 5]] and [[Nexus 6]] smartphones in 2014, which automatically captures a series of images and combines them into a single still image, as detailed by [[Marc Levoy]]. Unlike traditional HDR, Levoy's implementation of HDR+ uses multiple images underexposed by using a short shutter speed, which are then aligned and averaged by pixel, improving dynamic range and reducing noise. By selecting the sharpest image as the baseline for alignment, the effect of camera shake is reduced.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ai.googleblog.com/2014/10/hdr-low-light-and-high-dynamic-range.html |title=HDR+: Low Light and High Dynamic Range photography in the Google Camera App |author=Levoy, Marc |date=October 27, 2014 |website=Google Research |access-date=14 December 2022}}</ref>

Some of the sensors on modern phones and cameras may combine two images on-chip so that a wider dynamic range without in-pixel compression is directly available to the user for display or processing.{{Citation needed|date=November 2017}}

=== Videography ===
{{distinguish|text = the capture of video inside an [[High-dynamic-range video|HDR format]] in order to view them on an [[High-dynamic-range video|HDR display]]}}
[[File:Hdr time lapse montage.ogv|thumb|Example of HDR [[Time-lapse photography|time-lapse]] video]]
Although not as established as for still photography capture, it is also possible to capture and combine multiple images for each frame of a video in order to increase the dynamic range captured by the camera.<ref>{{Cite web|title=RED.com|url=https://www.red.com/red-101/hdrx-high-dynamic-range-video|access-date=2021-11-05|website=www.red.com}}</ref> This can be done via multiple methods:

* Creating a [[Time-lapse photography|time-lapse]] of individually images created via the multi-exposure HDR technique.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2011-02-07|title=Create HDR time-lapse video with a digital camera|url=https://www.macworld.com/article/210116/hdr.html|access-date=2021-11-06|website=Macworld|language=en-US}}</ref>
* Taking consecutively two differently exposed images by cutting the frame rate in half.<ref name=":0" />
* Taking simultaneously two differently exposed images by cutting the resolution in half.<ref name=":0" />
* Taking simultaneously two differently exposed images with full resolution and frame rate via a sensor with dual gain architecture. For example: [[Arri Alexa]]'s sensor,<ref name=":1" /> [[Samsung]] sensors with Smart-ISO Pro.<ref>{{Cite web|title=[Video] Painting With Light: How Smart-ISO Pro Captures Lifelike HDR Images|url=https://news.samsung.com/global/video-painting-with-light-how-smart-iso-pro-captures-lifelike-hdr-images|access-date=2021-11-05|website=news.samsung.com|language=en}}</ref>

Some cameras designed for use in security applications can automatically provide two or more images for each frame, with changing exposure.{{Citation needed|date=November 2017}} For example, a sensor for 30fps video will give out 60fps with the odd frames at a short exposure time and the even frames at a longer exposure time.

In 2020, [[Qualcomm]] announced [[Snapdragon 888]], a mobile [[System on a chip|SoC]] able to do computational multi-exposure HDR video capture in 4K and also to record it in a format compatible with [[High-dynamic-range video|HDR displays]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-12-04|title=Qualcomm explains how the Snapdragon 888 is changing the camera game (Video!)|url=https://www.androidauthority.com/snapdragon-888-camera-qualcomm-interview-1180775/|access-date=2021-06-08|website=Android Authority|language=en-US}}</ref>

In 2021, the [[Xiaomi Mi 11 Ultra]] smartphone is able to do computational multi-exposure HDR for video capture.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Rehm|first=Lars|date=2021-04-02|title=Xiaomi Mi 11 Ultra Camera review: Large sensor power|url=https://www.dxomark.com/xiaomi-mi-11-ultra-camera-review-large-sensor-power/|access-date=2021-06-08|website=DXOMARK|language=en-US}}</ref>

===Surveillance cameras===

HDR capture can be implemented on surveillance cameras, even inexpensive models. This is usually termed a '''wide dynamic range''' (WDR) function<ref name=axis>{{cite web|title=Wide Dynamic Range: Challenges and Solutions|url=https://www.axis.com/files/whitepaper/wp_wide_dynamic_range_58576_en_1406_lo.pdf|website=Axis (via Wayback Machine)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140928133722/https://www.axis.com/files/whitepaper/wp_wide_dynamic_range_58576_en_1406_lo.pdf|accessdate=2016-01-16|archive-date=2014-09-28}}</ref> Examples include CarCam Tiny, Prestige DVR-390, and DVR-478.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dashcamcar.com/#why-you-need-a-dash-cam |title=What is a Dash Cam? {{!}} Why should you have it?|last=Brown|first=James|date=2019-01-02|website=Dashboard camera vehicle|language=en-US|access-date=2019-01-17}}</ref>