Editing Mount Hood (section)

==Elevation==
Mount Hood was first seen by European explorers in 1792 and is believed to have maintained a consistent summit elevation, varying by no more than a few feet due to mild seismic activity. Elevation changes since the 1950s are predominantly due to improved survey methods and model refinements of the shape of the Earth (see [[datum (geodesy)|vertical reference datum]]). Despite the physical consistency, the estimated elevation of Mount Hood has varied substantially over the years, as seen in the following table:
{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" margin:0em 0em 0em 1em;"
! Date !! Stated Elevation !! Source
|-
| 1854 || {{cvt|18361|ft}} || Thomas J. Dryer<ref name="grauer">{{cite book |title=Mount Hood: A Complete History |author=Grauer, Jack |publisher=self-published |date=July 1975 |pages=199, 291–292 |oclc=1849244}}</ref>
|-
| 1854 || {{cvt|19400|ft}} || Belden<ref name="grauer"/>
|-
| 1857 || {{cvt|14000|ft}} || Mitchell's School Atlas<ref>{{cite web |url=https://archive.org/download/mitchellsschoola00mitcrich/mitchellsschoola00mitcrich.pdf |title=Mitchell's School atlas: comprising the maps and tables designed to accompany Mitchell's School and family geography |year=1857 |first=Samuel Augustus |last=Mitchell |publisher=H. Cowperthwait & Company |location=Philadelphia |id=nrlf_ucb:GLAD-83976101 |page=8| access-date=2009-03-13}}</ref>
|-
| 1866 || {{cvt|17600|ft}} || Rev. Atkinson<ref name="grauer"/>
|-
| 1867 || {{cvt|11225|ft}} || Col. Williamson<ref name="grauer"/>
|-
| 1916 || {{cvt|11253|ft}} || Adm. Colbert<ref name="grauer"/>
|-
| 1939 || {{cvt|11245|ft}} || Adm. Colbert<ref name="grauer"/>
|-
| 1980 || {{cvt|11239|ft}} || USGS using [[Sea Level Datum of 1929|NGVD 29]]<ref name="vulcan_hood"/>
|-
| 1991 || {{cvt|11249|ft}} || U.S. National Geodetic Survey, 1986 measurement adjusted using [[North American Vertical Datum of 1988|NAVD 88]]<ref name="ngs"/>
|-
| 1993 || {{cvt|11240|ft|sigfig=4}} || Scientific expedition<ref name="Register" /> and {{cvt|11239|ft|0}}<ref name="Trafford" /> of slightly older origin
|-
| 2008? || {{cvt|11235|ft}} || ''Encyclopedia Britannica''<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/394655/Mount-Hood-National-Forest |title=Mount Hood National Forest |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica| access-date=2008-09-07| archive-date=2008-12-16| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081216121832/https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/394655/Mount-Hood-National-Forest| url-status=live}}</ref>
|}
[[File:Mt Hood Aerial View.webm|thumb|right|Mt. Hood glaciers in late July]]

Early explorers on the Columbia River estimated the elevation to be {{cvt|10000|to|12000|ft}}. Two people in Thomas J. Dryer's 1854 expedition calculated the elevation to be {{cvt|18361|ft}} and the [[tree line]] to be at {{cvt|11250|ft}}. Two months later, a Mr. Belden claimed to have climbed the mountain during a hunting trip and determined it to be {{cvt|19400|ft}} upon which "pores oozed blood, eyes bled, and blood rushed from their ears." Sometime by 1866, Reverend G. H. Atkinson determined it to be {{cvt|17600|ft}}. A Portland engineer used surveying methods from a Portland baseline and calculated a height of between {{cvt|18000|and|19000|ft}}. Many maps distributed in the late 19th&nbsp;century cited {{cvt|18361|ft}}, though [[Mitchell's School Atlas]] gave {{cvt|14000|ft}} as the correct value. For some time, many references assumed Mount Hood to be the highest point in North America.<ref name="grauer"/>

Modern height surveys also vary, but not by the huge margins seen in the past. A 1993 survey by a scientific party that arrived at the peak's summit with {{cvt|16|lb|kg}} of electronic equipment reported a height of {{cvt|11240|ft|m|sigfig=4}}, claimed to be accurate to within {{cvt|1.25|in|mm}}.<ref name="Register">{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1310&dat=19930914&id=bm4VAAAAIBAJ&pg=1592,2999111 |title=How High is Hood |date=1993-09-14 |newspaper=The Register-Guard |location=Eugene, Oregon |format=editorial |page=A8 |access-date=2009-10-29 |archive-date=2021-01-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210131052326/https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1310&dat=19930914&id=bm4VAAAAIBAJ&sjid=duoDAAAAIBAJ&pg=1592%2C2999111 |url-status=live}}</ref> Many modern sources likewise list {{cvt|11240|ft|m|sigfig=4}} as the height.<ref>{{cite book |last=Morris |first=Mark |title=Moon Oregon |publisher=Avalon Travel |year=2007 |edition=Seventh |page=107 |chapter=Columbia River Gorge and Mount Hood |isbn=978-1-56691-930-2|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-xEA_1nkxcAC&pg=PA107 |location=Emeryville, California |oclc=74524856 |access-date=2009-10-29}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Gutman |first1=Bill |first2=Shawn |last2=Frederick |title=Being Extreme: Thrills and Dangers in the World of High-risk Sports |publisher=Citadel Press |location=New York, New York |year=2003 |edition=Illustrated |page=234 |isbn=978-0-8065-2354-5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YGKfVxFDXOUC&pg=PA234 |oclc=54525467 |access-date=2009-10-29}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Palmerlee |first=Danny |title=Pacific Northwest Trips |publisher=Lonely Planet |location=Oakland, California |oclc=244420587 |year=2009 |edition=Illustrated |page=[https://archive.org/details/lonelyplanetregi00palm/page/262 262] |isbn=978-1-74179-732-9 |url=https://archive.org/details/lonelyplanetregi00palm |url-access=registration |access-date=2009-10-29}}</ref> However, numerous others place the peak's height one foot lower, at {{cvt|11239|ft|m}}.<ref name="Trafford">{{cite book |last=Helman |first=Adam |title=The Finest Peaks: Prominence and Other Mountain Measures |publisher=Trafford Publishing |location=Victoria, British Columbia |year=2005 |page=114 |chapter=Table of United States Peaks by Spire Measure |isbn=9781412059947 |oclc=71147989|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Dl9tJFsvYvYC&pg=PA114}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Marbach |first1=Peter |last2=Cook |first2=Janet |title=Mount Hood: The Heart of Oregon |publisher=Graphic Arts Center Publishing |location=Portland, Oregon |year=2005 |edition=Illustrated |page=18 |isbn=978-1-55868-923-7 |oclc=60839414 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MdB0mpVvktAC&pg=PA18 |access-date=2009-10-29 |archive-date=2017-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170207094227/https://books.google.com/books?id=MdB0mpVvktAC&pg=PA18 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=DeBenedetti |first=Christian |date=March 2005 |title=Cliff Hanger |journal=Popular Mechanics |publisher=Hearst Magazines |volume=182 |issue=3 |page=136 |issn=0032-4558 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Vc8DAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA136 |access-date=2009-10-29 |archive-date=2017-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170207175421/https://books.google.com/books?id=Vc8DAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA136 |url-status=live}}</ref> Finally, a height of {{cvt|11249|ft|m}} has also been reported.<ref name="ngs" /><ref>{{cite book |last=Bernstein |first=Art |title=Oregon Byways: 75 Scenic Drives in the Cascades and Siskiyous, Canyons and Coast |publisher=Wilderness Press |location=Berkeley, California |year=2003 |page=[https://archive.org/details/oregonbywaystony00artb/page/12 12] |oclc=53021936 |isbn=978-0-89997-277-0 |url=https://archive.org/details/oregonbywaystony00artb |url-access=registration |access-date=2009-10-29}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |series=Let's Go |title=Roadtripping USA: The Complete Coast-to-Coast Guide to America |publisher=St. Martin's Press |location=New York, New York |year=2009 |edition=Third |page=340 |isbn=978-0-312-38583-5 |oclc=243544813 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=69z1qsLK_qkC&pg=PA340 |access-date=2009-10-29 |archive-date=2014-06-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140628025452/http://books.google.com/books?id=69z1qsLK_qkC&pg=PA340 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.climbing.com/news/climbers-stranded-on-mount-hood/ |title=Climbers Stranded on Mount Hood |last=Pluth |first=Tanya |year=2009 |publisher=climbing.com (Skram Media) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140308195505/http://www.climbing.com/news/climbers-stranded-on-mount-hood/ |archive-date=2014-03-08}}</ref>