Editing Messalina (section)

===Films===
After a slow start in the first half of the 20th century, the momentum of films about or featuring Messalina increased with [[censorship]]'s decline. The following starred in her part:
* Madeleine Roch (1883–1930) in the French silent film ''Messaline'' (1910).<ref>Frédéric Zarch, ''Catalogue des films projetés à Saint-Étienne avant la première guerre mondiale'', Université de Saint-Etienne, 2000, [https://books.google.com/books?id=2dt7qW0otbcC&dq=Madeleine+Roch++%22messaline%22&pg=PA4 p.209]</ref><ref>[[:commons:File:Messaline affiche.jpg|Poster]]</ref>
* [[Maria Caserini]] in the 1910 Italian silent film ''The Love of an Empress'' (''Messalina'').<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0185496/|title=Messalina (1910)|publisher=[[IMDb]]}}</ref>
* [[Rina De Liguoro]] in the 1923 Italian silent film ''[[Messalina (1924 film)|Messalina]]'', a [[sword-and-sandal]] precursor alternatively titled ''The Fall of an Empress''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.flickriver.com/photos/italiangerry/462703057/|title=Messalina – a photo on Flickriver|website=flickriver.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308033033/https://www.flickriver.com/photos/italiangerry/462703057/|archive-date=8 March 2021}}</ref><ref>Poster and still at [https://www.filmaffinity.com/en/filmimages.php?movie_id=939835 Film Affinity]</ref> A cut version with dubbed dialogue was released in 1935.
* Greta Walkyria in the 1930 Brazilian syncronized film Messalina, directed by Luiz de Barros.<ref>{{Citation |last=Barros |first=Luiz de |title=Messalina |date=1930-04-21 |type=Drama |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0122174/ |access-date=2024-08-15 |others=Vicenzo Caiaffa, Remo Cesarini, Nélson de Oliveira |publisher=Syncrocinex}}</ref>
* [[Merle Oberon]] in the 1937 uncompleted film of ''[[I, Claudius (film)|I, Claudius]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/13108733@N00/5360971421/|title=Merle Oberon as Messalina in the London Film production, I Claudius|date=16 January 2011|via=Flickr}}</ref>
* [[María Félix]] in the 1951 Italian [[sword-and-sandal]] film ''[[Messalina (1951 film)|Messalina]]''. This also carried the titles ''Empress of Rome''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://filmplakater.wordpress.com/category/messalina-empress-of-rome/|title=Messalina Empress of Rome|website=filmplakater|date=15 May 2012 }}</ref> and ''The Affairs of Messalina''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pinterest.com/pin/804103708460260373|title=Poster}}</ref>
* [[Ludmilla Dudarova]] during a flashback in ''Nerone e Messalina'' (Italy, 1953), which had the English title ''[[Nero and the Burning of Rome]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fotoafe.it/ctrlMainLst.cfm?where=Photo&mode=Sch&idPhoto=6122|title=Archivo Storico del Cinema|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180819182220/http://www.fotoafe.it/ctrlMainLst.cfm?where=Photo&mode=Sch&idPhoto=6122|archive-date=19 August 2018}}</ref>
* [[Susan Hayward]] in the 1954 Biblical epic ''[[Demetrius and the Gladiators]]'',<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://i.pinimg.com/originals/40/c4/78/40c47862d3d6325424befda1134c68c0.jpg|title=Poster with Hayward in the foreground}}</ref> a completely fictionalized interpretation in which a reformed Messalina bids a penitential public farewell to her Christian gladiator lover, Demetrius, and takes her place on the throne next to her husband, the new emperor Claudius.<ref>Martin M. Winkler, ''Cinema and Classical Texts: Apollo's New Light'', Cambridge University 2009, [https://books.google.com/books?id=CvP80GpqP2MC&dq=messalina&pg=PA232 p. 232]</ref>
* [[Belinda Lee]] in the 1960 sword-and-sandal film ''[[Messalina, venere imperatrice]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.alamy.com/messalina-1960-006-vintage-german-movie-poster-image608003040.html|title=The German poster}}</ref>
* [[Lisa Gastoni]] in ''The Final Gladiator'' (''[[L'ultimo gladiatore]]''), or alternatively ''The Gladiator of Messalina'',<ref>Screen shot and poster at [https://www.asiancult.com/product_info.php?products_id=10579 World Cult Cinema]</ref> an Italian sword-and-sandal film also titled ''Messalina vs. the Son of Hercules'' (1963).<ref>[https://www.studiocanal.com/title/messalina-vs-the-son-of-hercules-1964 Studio Canal]</ref>
*[[Nicola Pagett]] in the 1968 ITV television series ''[[The Caesars (TV series)|The Caesars]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.updown.org.uk/outofcos/oocbefo2.htm|title=Upstairs, Downstairs – Out of costume – Before UpDown 2|website=updown.org.uk}}</ref> The series is noted for its historically accurate depiction of Roman history and personages, including a less sensationalised portrayal of Messalina.
* [[Sheila White (actress)|Sheila White]] in the 1976 BBC serial ''[[I, Claudius (TV series)|I, Claudius]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sharetv.com/shows/i_claudius_uk/cast/Messalina|title=Messalina – I, Claudius (UK) Characters|website=sharetv.com|access-date=19 August 2018|archive-date=19 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180819182430/https://sharetv.com/shows/i_claudius_uk/cast/Messalina|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[Anneka Di Lorenzo]] in the 1979 film ''[[Caligula (film)|Caligula]]'', and the 1977 comedy ''[[Messalina, Messalina]]'', which used many of the same set pieces as the earlier-filmed, but later-released ''Caligula''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0076388/|title=Messalina, Messalina|publisher=IMDb}}</ref> An alternative European title for the 1977 production was ''Messalina, Empress and Whore''.<ref>Gary Allen Smith, Epic Films: Casts, Credits and Commentary, McFardland 2004,  [https://books.google.com/books?id=n4mACgAAQBAJ&dq=%22Messalina+Empress+and+whore%22&pg=PA168 p. 168]</ref><ref>[http://img2193.imagevenue.com/img.php?image=12184_caligula_ii_messalina_messalina_movie_poster_1977_1020465888_122_250lo.jpg Poster]</ref>
* Betty Roland in the Franco-Italian "porno peplum" ''Caligula and Messalina'' (1981).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pinterest.com/pin/290200769751686842|title=Poster on Pinterest}}</ref>
* Raquel Evans in the 1982 Spanish comedy ''Bacanales Romanas'', released in English as the "porno peplum" ''My Nights with Messalina''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fixgalleria.net/release.php?id=2934|title=fixgalleria.net|first=Jetro|last=Suni|website=fixgalleria.net}}</ref>
* [[Jennifer O'Neill]] in the 1985 TV series ''[[A.D. (miniseries)|AD]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ebay.com/itm/JENNIFER-ONEILL-AS-MESSALINA-PRETTY-PORTRAIT-A-D-ORIGINAL-1985-NBC-TV-PHOTO-/351416786738|title=Jennifer O'Neill as Messalina Pretty Portrait A.D. original 1985 NBC TV Photo|website=eBay|access-date=19 August 2018|archive-date=19 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180819182338/https://www.ebay.com/itm/JENNIFER-ONEILL-AS-MESSALINA-PRETTY-PORTRAIT-A-D-ORIGINAL-1985-NBC-TV-PHOTO-/351416786738|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[Sonia Aquino]] in the 2004 TV movie ''[[Nero (2004 film)|Imperium: Nero]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kino-teatr.ru/kino/acter/w/euro/178784/foto/182892/|title=Publicity photo}}</ref>
* Tabea Tarbiat in the 2013 film ''[[Nymphomaniac (film)|Nymphomaniac Volume II]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2382009/fullcredits/|title=Nymphomaniac Volume II – Full cast credits|publisher=[[IMDb]]}}</ref>