Editing Mandolin (section)

=== Mandobass ===
[[File:Gibson Mandobass and Melody Maiden.jpg|thumb|right|upright=.5|Gibson mando-bass from 1922 advertisement]]
The [[mandobass]] is the bass version of the mandolin, just as the [[double bass]] is the bass to the violin. Like the double bass, it most frequently has four single strings, rather than double courses—and like the double bass, it is most commonly tuned to [[perfect fourth]]s rather than fifths like most mandolin family instruments: E<sub>1</sub>–A<sub>1</sub>–D<sub>2</sub>–G<sub>2,</sub>. These were made by the Gibson company in the early 20th century, was also never very common. A smaller scale four-string mandobass, usually tuned in fifths: G<sub>1</sub>–D<sub>2</sub>–A<sub>2</sub>–E<sub>3</sub> (two octaves below the mandolin), though not as resonant as the larger instrument, was often preferred by players as easier to handle and more portable.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mandolin.co.uk/blogs/Mando-Bass_History_101.pdf|author=Ruppa, Paul|title=''American Mando-Bass History 101''|website=Mandolin.co.uk|access-date=29 April 2019}}</ref> Reportedly, however, most [[mandolin orchestra]]s preferred to use the ordinary [[double bass]], rather than a specialised mandolin family instrument. Calace and other Italian makers predating Gibson also made mandolin-basses.

The relatively rare eight-string mandobass, or "tremolo-bass", also exists, with double courses like the rest of the mandolin family, and is tuned either G<sub>1</sub>–D<sub>2</sub>–A<sub>2</sub>–E<sub>3</sub>, two octaves lower than the mandolin, or C<sub>1</sub>–G<sub>1</sub>–D<sub>2</sub>–A<sub>2</sub>, two octaves below the mandola.<ref>Marcuse, Sibyl; Musical Instruments: A Comprehensive Dictionary; W. W. Norton & Company (1975). (see entries for ''mandolin'', and for individual mandolin family members.)</ref><ref>Johnson, J. R.; 'The Mandolin Orchestra in America, Part 3: Other Instruments', ''American Lutherie'', No. 21 (Spring) 1990, pp. 45–46.</ref>