Editing Logging (section)

==Safety considerations==
Logging is a dangerous occupation. In the United States, it has consistently been one of the most hazardous industries and was recognized by the [[National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health]] (NIOSH) as a priority industry sector in the [[National Occupational Research Agenda]] (NORA) to identify and provide intervention strategies regarding occupational health and safety issues.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/nora/councils/agff/default.html|title=CDC – NORA Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing Sector Council|date=2019-02-10|website=www.cdc.gov|language=en-us|access-date=2019-03-14}}</ref><ref name="ReferenceA"/>

In 2008, the logging industry employed 86,000 workers and accounted for 93 deaths. This resulted in a fatality rate of 108.1 deaths per 100,000 workers that year. This rate is over 30 times higher than the overall fatality rate.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/logging |title=NIOSH Logging Safety |access-date=2010-04-19|publisher=United States National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health}}</ref> Forestry/logging-related injuries (fatal and non-fatal) are often difficult to track through formal reporting mechanisms. Thus, some programs have begun to monitor injuries through publicly available reports such as news media.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Weichelt|first1=Bryan|last2=Gorucu|first2=Serap|date=2018-02-17|title=Supplemental surveillance: a review of 2015 and 2016 agricultural injury data from news reports on AgInjuryNews.org|url=http://injuryprevention.bmj.com/content/early/2018/02/16/injuryprev-2017-042671|journal=Injury Prevention|volume=25|issue=3|language=en|pages=injuryprev–2017–042671|doi=10.1136/injuryprev-2017-042671|issn=1353-8047|pmid=29386372|s2cid=3371442}}</ref>  The logging industry experiences the highest fatality rate of 23.2 per 100,000 [[full-time equivalent]] (FTE) workers and a non-fatal incident rate of 8.5 per 100 FTE workers. The most common type of injuries or illnesses at work include [[Human musculoskeletal system|musculoskeletal]] disorders (MSDs), which include an extensive list of "inflammatory and degenerative conditions affecting the [[muscle]]s, [[tendon]]s, [[ligament]]s, [[joint]]s, [[peripheral nerves]], and supporting [[blood vessel]]s."<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Rodriguez|first1=Anabel|last2=Casanova|first2=Vanessa|last3=Levin|first3=Jeffrey L.|last4=Porras|first4=David Gimeno Ruiz de|last5=Douphrate|first5=David I.|date=2019-04-03|title=Work-Related Musculoskeletal Symptoms among Loggers in the Ark-La-Tex Region|journal=Journal of Agromedicine|volume=24|issue=2|pages=167–176|doi=10.1080/1059924X.2019.1567423|issn=1059-924X|pmid=30624156|pmc=7008449}}</ref>  Loggers work with heavy, moving weights, and use tools such as [[chainsaw]]s and heavy equipment on uneven and sometimes steep or unstable [[terrain]]. Loggers also deal with severe environmental conditions, such as inclement weather and severe heat or cold. An injured logger is often far from professional emergency treatment.{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}

Traditionally, the cry of "Timber!" developed as a warning alerting fellow workers in an area that a tree is being felled, so they should be alert to avoid being struck. The term "[[widowmaker (forestry)|widowmaker]]" for timber, typically a limb or branch that is no longer attached to a tree, but is still in the canopy either wedged in a crotch, tangled in other limbs, or miraculously balanced on another limb demonstrates another emphasis on [[situation awareness|situational awareness]] as a safety principle.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Love |first=Joseph |title=Avoiding Widowmakers - Grit |url=https://www.grit.com/farm-and-garden/do-it-yourself/avoiding-widowmakers-zm0z17sozeva/ |access-date=2024-02-27 |website=www.grit.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

In British Columbia, Canada, the BC Forest Safety Council was created in September 2004 as a not-for-profit society dedicated to promoting safety in the forest sector. It works with employers, workers, contractors, and government agencies to implement fundamental changes necessary to make it safer to earn a living in forestry.<ref>[http://www.bcforestsafe.org/ BC Forest Safety Council]</ref>

The risks experienced in logging operations can be somewhat reduced, where conditions permit, by the use of mechanical tree harvesters, skidders, and forwarders.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Forestry: Guide to Managing Risks of Timber Harvesting Operations. |url=https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-3068683592 |access-date=2023-04-20 |website=Trove |language=en}}</ref>

{{Gallery
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|File:Horse Logging.webm|Horse Logging in Wales
|File:Logging in North Vancouver.jpg|Log transportation by rail in British Columbia in 1920
|File:Joensuun kanava2.jpg|[[Timber rafting]] in [[Joensuu]] [[canal]], Finland, in 2009
|File:Houtverwerking op de rivier, anoniem, 1850 - 1890 - Rijksmuseum crop.jpg|Log transport in the [[Dutch East Indies]] (now [[Indonesia]]) {{circa|1870}}
|File:Logging in Finnish Lapland.jpg|Bucked old growth wood in Finland
|File:TJ harvesteri.jpg|[[Harvester (forestry)|Mechanical harvester]] at work
|File:Hardwood logs transported down Suriname river.jpg|Hardwood logs transported down the [[Suriname River]] in  South America in 1955
|File:Mexico logs.jpg|Logs in Mexico in  2018
}}