Editing Lima (section)

===Independence===
[[File:La Independencia del Perú.jpg|thumb|[[Proclamación de la Independencia del Perú|Painting]] of [[José de San Martín]] during the Declaration of Independence of Peru in the [[Plaza Mayor, Lima|Plaza Mayor]], on July 28, 1821]]
A combined expedition of Argentine and Chilean independence fighters led by General Don [[José de San Martín]] landed in southern Lima in 1820, but did not attack the city. Faced with a naval blockade and guerrilla action on the mainland, Viceroy [[José de la Serna, 1st Count of the Andes|José de la Serna]] was forced to evacuate the city in July 1821 to save the [[Royalist (Spanish American independence)|Royalist army]]. Fearing a popular uprising and lacking the means to impose the order, the City Council invited San Martín to enter the city, signing a Declaration of Independence at his request.

Once General [[José de San Martín|San Martín]] proclaimed the [[Peruvian War of Independence|independence of Peru]],<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.congreso.gob.pe/historia/|title=Reseña Histórica del Congreso|website=Congreso de la República del Perú |last1=Pe |first1=vis. com }}</ref> Lima became the capital of the new [[Republic of Peru|republic]]. Thus, it was the seat of the government of the liberator and also the seat of the first [[Constituent Congress of Peru, 1822|Constituent Congress]] that the country had.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Basadre |first1=Jorge |author-link1=Jorge Basadre |year=2002 |orig-date=1st pub.: 1929–30 |editor-last=Ballón Vargas|editor-first=José Carlos |title=La iniciación de la república: contribución al estudio de la evolución política y social del Perú |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OYNKyacn2CkC |language=spanish|volume=2|publisher=Universidad Nacional de San Marcos|page=31|isbn=9972-46-196-3}}</ref> The war lasted for two more years, during which the city changed hands many times and suffered abuses from both sides. By the time the war was decided, on 9 December 1824, at the [[Battle of Ayacucho]], Lima had been considerably impoverished.