Editing Lanthanum (section)

==Precautions==
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|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
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| GHSSignalWord = Danger
| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|260}}
| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|223|231+232|370+378|422}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Lanthanum 261130 |url=https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/aldrich/261130 |website=Sigma-Aldrich}}</ref>
| NFPA-H = 0
| NFPA-F = 4
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Lanthanum has a low to moderate level of toxicity and should be handled with care. The injection of lanthanum solutions produces [[hyperglycemia]], low blood pressure, degeneration of the [[spleen]] and [[liver|hepatic]] alterations.{{citation needed|date=June 2019|reason=Cannot find book<!--
<ref>{{Cite book |first= M., Pof. Dr. |last=Zafar Iqbal |title=Elements in Health and Disease |publisher=Dr. Ahsan Iqbal |pages=23 |id=GGKEY:KEU6L0DDWZJ  |url={{Google books|plainurl=yes|id=vNcYAgAAQBAJ|page=23 }} }}</ref>
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}} The application in carbon arc light led to the exposure of people to rare earth element oxides and fluorides, which sometimes led to [[pneumoconiosis]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Dufresne |first1=A. |last2=Krier |first2=G. |last3=Muller |first3=J. |last4=Case |first4=B. |last5=Perrault |first5=G. |date=1994 |title=Lanthanide particles in the lung of a printer |journal=Science of the Total Environment |volume=151 |issue=3 |pages=249–252 |bibcode=1994ScTEn.151..249D |doi=10.1016/0048-9697(94)90474-X |pmid=8085148}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Waring |first1=P.M. |last2=Watling |first2=R.J. |date=1990 |title=Rare earth deposits in a deceased movie projectionist. A new case of rare earth pneumoconiosis |journal=The Medical Journal of Australia |volume=153 |issue=11–12 |pages=726–30 |doi=10.5694/j.1326-5377.1990.tb126334.x |pmid=2247001 |s2cid=24985591}}</ref> As the {{chem|La|3+}} ion is similar in size to the {{chem|Ca|2+}} ion, it is sometimes used as an easily traced substitute for the latter in medical studies.<ref name=Emsley>{{cite book |last=Emsley |first=John |year=2011 |title=Nature's Building Blocks: An A-Z guide to the elements |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780199605637 |pages=266–77}}</ref> Lanthanum, like the other lanthanides, is known to affect human metabolism, lowering cholesterol levels, blood pressure, appetite, and risk of blood coagulation. When injected into the brain, it acts as a painkiller, similarly to [[morphine]] and other opiates, though the mechanism behind this is still unknown.<ref name=Emsley/> Lanthanum meant for ingestion, typically as a chewable tablet or oral powder, can interfere with gastrointestinal (GI) imaging by creating opacities throughout the GI tract; if chewable tablets are swallowed whole, they will dissolve but present initially as coin-shaped opacities in the stomach, potentially confused with ingested metal objects such as coins or batteries.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Evans NS, Aronowitz P, Altertson TE |date=October 30, 2023 |title=Coin-shaped opacities in the stomach |department=JAMA Clinical Challenge |journal=[[Journal of the American Medical Association]] |volume=330 |issue=20 |pages=2016–2017 |doi=10.1001/jama.2023.19032 |pmid=37902730 |s2cid=264589220 |url=https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2811509 }}</ref>