Editing Knoxville, Tennessee (section)

==Geography==
===Topography===
[[File:Knoxville-from-sharps-ridge-tn2.jpg|thumb|right|Downtown Knoxville, with the [[Great Smoky Mountains]] rising in the distance, viewed from [[Sharp's Ridge]]]]

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|269.8|km2|order=flip}}, of which {{convert|255.2|km2|order=flip}} is land and {{convert|14.6|km2|order=flip}}, or 5.42%, is water.<ref name="Census 2010">{{cite web| url=https://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2013/files/SUB-EST2013_47.csv| title=Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (DP-1): Knoxville city, Tennessee| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder| access-date=March 25, 2013| url-status=dead| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140529173330/http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2013/files/SUB-EST2013_47.csv| archivedate=May 29, 2014| df=mdy-all}}</ref> Elevations range from just over {{convert|800|ft}} along the riverfront to just over {{convert|1000|ft}} on various hilltops in West Knoxville,<ref>{{Cite GNIS|1284297|First Creek}}</ref><ref>{{Cite GNIS|1279994|Cedar Bluff|links=off}}</ref> with the downtown area setting at just over {{convert|900|ft}}.<ref>{{Cite GNIS|1648562|Knoxville|links=off}}</ref> High points include [[Sharp's Ridge]] in North Knoxville at {{convert|1391|ft}} and Brown Mountain in South Knoxville at {{convert|1260|ft}}.<ref>{{Cite GNIS|1269382|Brown Mountain|links=off}}</ref><ref>City of Knoxville, [http://www.ci.knoxville.tn.us/parks/history/sharpsRidgeHistory.asp Sharp's Ridge Memorial Park History] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110501174148/http://www.ci.knoxville.tn.us/parks/history/sharpsRidgeHistory.asp |date=May 1, 2011 }}. Retrieved: December 29, 2011.</ref>

Knoxville is situated in the [[Great Appalachian Valley]] (known locally as the Tennessee Valley), about halfway between the [[Great Smoky Mountains]] to the east and the [[Cumberland Plateau]] to the west. The Great Valley is part of a sub-range of the [[Appalachian Mountains]] known as the [[Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians]], which is characterized by long narrow ridges flanked by broad valleys. Prominent Ridge-and-Valley structures in the Knoxville area include Sharp's Ridge and Beaver Ridge in the northern part of the city, Brown Mountain in South Knoxville, parts of [[Bays Mountain]] just south of the city, and parts of McAnnally Ridge in the northeastern part of the city.

The [[Tennessee River]], which passes through the downtown area, is formed in southeastern Knoxville at the confluence of the [[Holston River]], which flows southwest from Virginia, and the [[French Broad River]], which flows west from North Carolina. The section of the Tennessee River that passes through Knoxville is part of Fort Loudoun Lake, an artificial reservoir created by TVA's [[Fort Loudoun Dam]] about {{convert|30|mi}} downstream in [[Lenoir City, Tennessee|Lenoir City]]. Notable tributaries of the Tennessee in Knoxville include First Creek and Second Creek, which flow through the downtown area, Third Creek, which flows west of U.T., and Sinking Creek, Ten Mile Creek, and Turkey Creek, which drain West Knoxville.

===Climate===
Knoxville falls in the [[humid subtropical climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: ''Cfa'') zone. Summers are hot and humid, with the daily average temperature in July at {{cvt|78.4|F|1}}, and an average of 36 days per year with temperatures reaching {{cvt|90|F|0}}.<ref name="NOAA 90F">[http://lwf.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/online/ccd/max90temp.html NOAA] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061210082240/http://lwf.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/online/ccd/max90temp.html |date=December 10, 2006 }}, Mean Number of Days With Maximum Temperature 90 Degrees F or Higher.</ref> Winters are generally much cooler and less stable, with occasional small amounts of snow. January has a daily average temperature of {{cvt|38.2|F|1}}, with an average of 5 days<ref name=NOAA-K/> where the high remains at or below freezing.{{efn|In 1915, 1921, 1990, and 2013, no day the entire year remained at or below freezing.<ref name=NOAA-K/>}} The record high for Knoxville is {{cvt|105|F|0}} on [[Summer 2012 North American heat wave|June 30 and July 1, 2012]],<ref>Lance Coleman, "[http://www.knoxnews.com/news/2012/jun/30/knoxville-having-hottest-day-ever/ Knoxville Having Hottest Day Ever at 105 Degrees] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120704044022/http://www.knoxnews.com/news/2012/jun/30/knoxville-having-hottest-day-ever/ |date=July 4, 2012 }}", ''Knoxville News Sentinel'', June 30, 2012. Retrieved: June 30, 2012.</ref> while the record low is {{cvt|-24|F|0}} on [[January 1985 Arctic outbreak|January 21, 1985]].<ref name="Knoxville Climate Page">{{cite web|url=http://www.srh.noaa.gov/mrx/?n=tysclimate|title=Knoxville Climate Page|access-date=April 18, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304024909/http://www.srh.noaa.gov/mrx/?n=tysclimate|archive-date=March 4, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> Annual precipitation averages just under {{cvt|52|in|sigfig=3}}, and normal seasonal snowfall is {{cvt|4.6|in|cm}}. The one-day record for snowfall is {{cvt|17.5|in|cm}}, which occurred on February 13, 1960.<ref>"[http://www.knoxnews.com/news/2014/feb/12/top-10-snowfalls-knoxville/?partner=popular Top 10 Snowfalls in Knoxville] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140703054134/http://www.knoxnews.com/news/2014/feb/12/top-10-snowfalls-knoxville/?partner=popular |date=July 3, 2014 }}", ''Knoxville News Sentinel'', February 12, 2014.</ref>{{efn|This contributed to the winter of 1959−60 being the snowiest on record, with a total of {{cvt|56.7|in|cm}}. On the other extreme, five winters, most recently 2007−08, have recorded only a trace of snowfall.<ref name=NOAA-K/>}}
<section begin="weather box"/>{{Weather box<!--Infobox begins-->
|location=Knoxville ([[McGhee Tyson Airport]]), 1991−2020 normals,{{efn|Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the expected highest and lowest temperature readings at any point during the year or given month) calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020.}} extremes 1871–present{{efn|Official records for Knoxville kept January 1871 to February 1942 at downtown and at McGhee Tyson Airport since March 1942. For more information, see [http://threadex.rcc-acis.org Threadex]}}<!--Mandatory field.-->
|collapsed = 
|single line = Y
|Jan record high F = 77
|Feb record high F = 83
|Mar record high F = 88
|Apr record high F = 93
|May record high F = 96
|Jun record high F = 105
|Jul record high F = 105
|Aug record high F = 102
|Sep record high F = 103
|Oct record high F = 96
|Nov record high F = 85
|Dec record high F = 80
|year record high F = 105
|Jan avg record high F = 68.1
|Feb avg record high F = 71.7
|Mar avg record high F = 78.4
|Apr avg record high F = 84.5
|May avg record high F = 89.0
|Jun avg record high F = 93.1
|Jul avg record high F = 95.1
|Aug avg record high F = 94.0
|Sep avg record high F = 91.6
|Oct avg record high F = 84.0
|Nov avg record high F = 75.8
|Dec avg record high F = 69.1
|year avg record high F = 96.0
|Jan avg record low F = 11.6
|Feb avg record low F = 16.8
|Mar avg record low F = 22.6
|Apr avg record low F = 32.6
|May avg record low F = 41.4
|Jun avg record low F = 54.6
|Jul avg record low F = 61.4
|Aug avg record low F = 59.9
|Sep avg record low F = 48.3
|Oct avg record low F = 33.4
|Nov avg record low F = 24.0
|Dec avg record low F = 18.0
|year avg record low F = 9.0
|Jan high F = 48.2
|Feb high F = 52.8
|Mar high F = 61.4
|Apr high F = 71.2
|May high F = 78.9
|Jun high F = 85.7
|Jul high F = 88.4
|Aug high F = 87.8
|Sep high F = 82.5
|Oct high F = 71.7
|Nov high F = 60.0
|Dec high F = 51.0
|year high F = 70.0
|Jan mean F = 39.1
|Feb mean F = 42.9
|Mar mean F = 50.6
|Apr mean F = 59.6
|May mean F = 67.9
|Jun mean F = 75.3
|Jul mean F = 78.5
|Aug mean F = 77.6
|Sep mean F = 71.8
|Oct mean F = 60.3
|Nov mean F = 49.0
|Dec mean F = 41.9
|year mean F = 59.5
|Jan low F = 30.0
|Feb low F = 33.1
|Mar low F = 39.8
|Apr low F = 48.0
|May low F = 56.9
|Jun low F = 64.9
|Jul low F = 68.7
|Aug low F = 67.5
|Sep low F = 61.1
|Oct low F = 48.9
|Nov low F = 38.1
|Dec low F = 32.8
|year low F = 49.2
|Jan record low F = −24
|Feb record low F = −10
|Mar record low F = 1
|Apr record low F = 22
|May record low F = 32
|Jun record low F = 42
|Jul record low F = 49
|Aug record low F = 49
|Sep record low F = 35
|Oct record low F = 24
|Nov record low F =  5
|Dec record low F = −6
|year record low F = -24
<!--Total Precipitation-->
|precipitation colour= green
|Jan precipitation inch = 4.76
|Feb precipitation inch = 4.81
|Mar precipitation inch = 4.89
|Apr precipitation inch = 4.71
|May precipitation inch = 4.13
|Jun precipitation inch = 4.24
|Jul precipitation inch = 5.25
|Aug precipitation inch = 3.63
|Sep precipitation inch = 3.49
|Oct precipitation inch = 2.81
|Nov precipitation inch = 4.21
|Dec precipitation inch = 5.00
|year precipitation inch = 51.93
|Jan snow inch = 1.7
|Feb snow inch = 1.4
|Mar snow inch = 0.9
|Apr snow inch = 0.0 
|May snow inch = 0.0
|Jun snow inch = 0.0
|Jul snow inch = 0.0
|Aug snow inch = 0.0
|Sep snow inch = 0.0
|Oct snow inch = 0.0
|Nov snow inch = 0.1
|Dec snow inch = 0.5
|year snow inch = 4.6
|unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
|Jan precipitation days = 11.5
|Feb precipitation days = 11.7
|Mar precipitation days = 12.7
|Apr precipitation days = 11.1
|May precipitation days = 11.1
|Jun precipitation days = 12.0
|Jul precipitation days = 11.6
|Aug precipitation days = 9.8
|Sep precipitation days = 7.8
|Oct precipitation days = 8.0
|Nov precipitation days = 9.4
|Dec precipitation days = 12.0
|year precipitation days = 128.7
|unit snow days = 0.1 in
|Jan snow days = 1.2
|Feb snow days = 1.3
|Mar snow days = 0.7
|Apr snow days = 0.0
|May snow days = 0.0
|Jun snow days = 0.0
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days = 0.0
|Oct snow days = 0.0
|Nov snow days = 0.2
|Dec snow days = 0.6
|year snow days = 4.0
|Jan humidity = 71.7
|Feb humidity = 68.0
|Mar humidity = 64.8
|Apr humidity = 63.3
|May humidity = 70.8
|Jun humidity = 73.5
|Jul humidity = 75.7
|Aug humidity = 76.3
|Sep humidity = 76.1
|Oct humidity = 73.0
|Nov humidity = 71.8
|Dec humidity = 72.9
|year humidity = 71.5
<!--Average monthly sunshine hours, monthly totals are preferred, and will produce colors, but percentages are accepted.-->
|Jan sun = 135.8
|Feb sun = 145.3
|Mar sun = 208.9
|Apr sun = 256.6
|May sun = 287.2
|Jun sun = 291.1
|Jul sun = 287.3
|Aug sun = 278.0
|Sep sun = 232.3
|Oct sun = 217.2
|Nov sun = 151.7
|Dec sun = 122.5
|Jan percentsun = 44
|Feb percentsun = 48
|Mar percentsun = 56
|Apr percentsun = 65
|May percentsun = 66
|Jun percentsun = 67
|Jul percentsun = 65
|Aug percentsun = 67
|Sep percentsun = 62
|Oct percentsun = 62
|Nov percentsun = 49
|Dec percentsun = 40
|year percentsun = 59
<!--Mandatory fields, source-->
|source 1 =[[NOAA]] (relative humidity and sun 1961–1990)<ref name=NOAA-K>
{{cite web 
|url = https://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=mrx
|title = NowData—NOAA Online Weather Data 
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 
|access-date = May 25, 2021 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181116080734/http://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=mrx 
|archive-date = November 16, 2018 |url-status = live }}</ref><ref>
{{cite web 
|url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USW00013891&format=pdf
|title = Station: Knoxville McGhee Tyson AP, TN
|publisher = National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration
|work = U.S. Climate Normals 2020: U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (1991-2020)
|access-date = May 25, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
| url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG_IV/US/GROUP3/72326.TXT
| title = WMO Climate Normals for KNOXVILLE/MUNICIPAL, TN 1961–1990
| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
| access-date = March 10, 2014}}</ref>
|date=February 2012}}<section end="weather box"/>

===Metropolitan area===
{{Main|Knoxville Metropolitan Area}}
Knoxville is the central city in the Knoxville Metropolitan Area, an [[Office of Management and Budget]] (OMB) designated [[metropolitan statistical area]] (MSA) that covers Knox, [[Anderson County, Tennessee|Anderson]], [[Blount County, Tennessee|Blount]], [[Campbell County, Tennessee|Campbell]], [[Grainger County, Tennessee|Grainger]], [[Loudon County, Tennessee|Loudon]], [[Morgan County, Tennessee|Morgan]], [[Roane County, Tennessee|Roane]] and [[Union County, Tennessee|Union]] counties.<ref name=Censusmetro/> Researchers have mapped the Knoxville Metropolitan area as one of the 18 major cities in the [[Piedmont Atlantic megaregion]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cqgrd.gatech.edu/program_areas/megaregions/pam.php|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719200447/http://www.cqgrd.gatech.edu/program_areas/megaregions/pam.php|url-status=dead|title=Georgia Institute of Technology :: CQGRD : Piedmont Atlantic Megaregion (PAM)|archive-date=July 19, 2011}}</ref>

The Knoxville Metropolitan area includes unincorporated communities such as [[Halls Crossroads, Tennessee|Halls Crossroads]], [[Powell, Tennessee|Powell]], [[Karns, Tennessee|Karns]], [[Corryton, Tennessee|Corryton]], [[Concord, Tennessee|Concord]], and [[Mascot, Tennessee|Mascot]], which are located in Knox County outside of Knoxville's city limits. Along with Knoxville, municipalities in the Knoxville Metropolitan Area include [[Alcoa, Tennessee|Alcoa]], [[Blaine, Tennessee|Blaine]], [[Maryville, Tennessee|Maryville]], [[Lenoir City, Tennessee|Lenoir City]], [[Loudon, Tennessee|Loudon]], [[Farragut, Tennessee|Farragut]], [[Oak Ridge, Tennessee|Oak Ridge]], [[Rutledge, Tennessee|Rutledge]], [[Clinton, Tennessee|Clinton]], [[Bean Station, Tennessee|Bean Station]], and [[Maynardville, Tennessee|Maynardville]]. As of 2012, the population of the Knoxville Metropolitan Area was 837,571.<ref name=Censusmetro>[https://www.census.gov/population/www/metroareas/metroarea.html Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110923210008/http://www.census.gov/population/www/metroareas/metroarea.html |date=September 23, 2011 }}, U.S. Census Bureau</ref>

The Knoxville MSA is the chief component of the OMB-designated Knoxville-[[Sevierville]]-[[LaFollette, Tennessee|La Follette]] larger [[Combined statistical area|Combined Statistical Area]] (CSA). The CSA also includes the [[Morristown metropolitan area]] ([[Hamblen County, Tennessee|Hamblen]], [[Grainger County, Tennessee|Grainger]], and [[Jefferson County, Tennessee|Jefferson]] counties) and the Sevierville ([[Sevier County, Tennessee|Sevier County]]), La Follette (Campbell County), [[Harriman, Tennessee|Harriman]] (Roane County), and [[Newport, Tennessee|Newport]] ([[Cocke County, Tennessee|Cocke County]]) [[micropolitan statistical area]]s. Municipalities in the CSA but not the Knoxville MSA, include Morristown, Rutledge, [[Dandridge, Tennessee|Dandridge]], [[Jefferson City, Tennessee|Jefferson City]], Sevierville, [[Gatlinburg, Tennessee|Gatlinburg]], [[Pigeon Forge, Tennessee|Pigeon Forge]], LaFollette, [[Jacksboro, Tennessee|Jacksboro]], Harriman, [[Kingston, Tennessee|Kingston]], [[Rockwood, Tennessee|Rockwood]], and Newport. The combined population of the CSA as of the 2000 Census was 935,659. Its estimated 2008 population was 1,041,955.<ref name=Censusmetro/>

===Neighborhoods===
Knoxville is roughly divided into the [[Downtown Knoxville|Downtown area]] and sections based on the four cardinal directions: [[North Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee|North Knoxville]], [[South Knoxville]], [[East Knoxville]], and [[West Knoxville]]. Downtown Knoxville traditionally consists of the area bounded by the river on the south, First Creek on the east, Second Creek on the west, and the railroad tracks on the north, though the definition has expanded to include the U.T. campus and Fort Sanders neighborhood,<ref name=parks/> and several neighborhoods along or just off Broadway south of Sharp's Ridge ("Downtown North").<ref>City of Knoxville, [http://www.cityofknoxville.org/downtownnorth/ Downtown North Redevelopment] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513225605/http://www.cityofknoxville.org/downtownnorth/ |date=May 13, 2012 }}. Retrieved: January 7, 2012.</ref> While primarily home to the city's central business district and municipal offices, the Old City and Gay Street are mixed residential and commercial areas.

South Knoxville consists of the parts of the city located south of the river<ref name=parks>City of Knoxville, [http://www.ci.knoxville.tn.us/parks/default.asp Parks] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110824131429/http://www.ci.knoxville.tn.us/parks/default.asp |date=August 24, 2011 }}. Retrieved: January 7, 2012.</ref> and includes the neighborhoods of Vestal, Lindbergh Forest, [[Island Home Park, Knoxville|Island Home Park]], Colonial Hills, and Old Sevier. This area contains major commercial corridors along Chapman Highway and [[U.S. Route 129 in Tennessee|Alcoa Highway]].

West Knoxville generally consists of the areas west of U.T.<ref name=parks/> and includes the suburban neighborhoods of [[Sequoyah Hills]], [[West Hills, Knoxville|West Hills]], [[Bearden, Knoxville|Bearden]], [[Cumberland Estates]], Westmoreland, Suburban Hills, [[Cedar Bluff, Knoxville|Cedar Bluff]], [[Rocky Hill, Knoxville|Rocky Hill]], and Ebenezer. This area, concentrated largely around Kingston Pike, is home to thriving retail centers such as [[West Town Mall]] and [[Turkey Creek, Knoxville|Turkey Creek]].

East Knoxville consists of the areas east of First Creek and the James White Parkway<ref name=parks/> and includes the neighborhoods of Parkridge, Burlington, Morningside, and Five Points. This area, concentrated along Magnolia Avenue, is home to [[Chilhowee Park]] and [[Zoo Knoxville]].

North Knoxville consists of the areas north of Sharp's Ridge,<ref name=parks/> namely the Fountain City and Inskip-Norwood areas. This area's major commercial corridor is located along Broadway.

====List of notable neighborhoods====
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Bearden (Knoxville, Tennessee)|Bearden]]
* [[Cedar Bluff, Knoxville|Cedar Bluff]]
* [[Chilhowee Park (neighborhood)|Chilhowee Park]]
* [[Colonial Village (Knoxville, Tennessee)|Colonial Village]]
* [[Cumberland Estates]]
* [[Downtown Knoxville|Downtown]]
* [[Emory Place Historic District|Emory Place]]
* [[Fort Sanders (Knoxville neighborhood)|Fort Sanders]]
* [[Fountain City, Tennessee|Fountain City]]
** [[Oakland neighborhood, Knoxville, Tennessee|Oakland]] (former)
* [[Fourth & Gill (Knoxville, Tennessee)|Fourth & Gill]]
* [[Island Home Park]]
* [[Lindbergh Forest]]
* [[Lonsdale (Knoxville, Tennessee)|Lonsdale]]
* [[Mechanicsville, Knoxville|Mechanicsville]]
* [[North Hills Historic District|North Hills]]
* [[Oakwood-Lincoln Park, Knoxville, Tennessee|Oakwood-Lincoln Park]]
* [[Old City Knoxville|Old City]]
* [[Old North Knoxville]]
* [[Parkridge (Knoxville, Tennessee)|Parkridge]]
* [[Rocky Hill (Knoxville, Tennessee)|Rocky Hill]]
* [[Sequoyah Hills, Tennessee|Sequoyah Hills]]
* [[South Knoxville]]
* [[West Hills (Knoxville, Tennessee)|West Hills]]
{{div col end}}