Editing Jurchen people (section)

=== Jin dynasty ===
{{Main|Jin dynasty (1115–1234)|Jin–Song Wars}}
[[File:Jin Dynasty 1141 (no borders).png|thumb|China in {{Circa|1141}}.]]

[[Emperor Taizu of Jin|Wanyan Aguda]], chief of the [[Wanyan]] tribe, unified the various Jurchen tribes in 1115 and declared himself emperor. In 1120 he seized [[Chifeng|Shangjing]], also known as Linhuang Prefecture ({{zh|t=臨潢府|labels=no}}), the northern capital of the Liao dynasty.{{sfn|Mote|1999|p=195}} During the [[Jin–Song Wars]], the Jurchens invaded the [[Northern Song dynasty]] and overran most of northern China. The Jurchens initially created the puppet regimes of [[Da Qi]] and [[Da Chu]] but later adopted a dynastic name and became known as "[[Jin dynasty (1115–1234)|Jin]]" 金, which means "gold", not to be confused with the earlier Jin 晋 dynasties named after the region around [[Shanxi]] and [[Henan]] provinces. The name of the Jurchen dynasty in Chinese — meaning "[[gold]]"—is derived from the "Gold River" ([[Jurchen language|Jurchen]]:&nbsp;''antʃu-un''; [[Manchu language|Manchu]]:&nbsp;''Aisin'') in their ancestral homeland. The Jurchens who settled into urban communities eventually intermarried with other ethnicities in China. The Jin rulers themselves came to follow [[Confucianism|Confucian]] norms. The Jin dynasty captured the Northern Song dynasty's capital, [[Kaifeng|Bianjing]], in 1127. Their armies pushed the Song all the way south to the [[Yangtze River]] and eventually settled on a border with the [[Southern Song dynasty]] along the [[Huai River]].

Poor Jurchen families in the southern Routes (Daming and Shandong) Battalion and Company households tried to live the lifestyle of wealthy Jurchen families and avoid doing farming work by selling their own Jurchen daughters into slavery and renting their land to Han tenants. The Wealthy Jurchens feasted and drank and wore damask and silk. The [[History of Jin]] (Jinshi) says that [[Emperor Shizong of Jin]] took note and attempted to halt these things in 1181.<ref name="Schneider 2011">{{cite journal |last=Schneider |first=Julia |title=The Jin Revisited: New Assessment of Jurchen Emperors |journal=Journal of Song-Yuan Studies |volume=41 |date=2011 |issue=41 |page=389 |doi=10.1353/sys.2011.0030 |jstor=23496214|hdl=1854/LU-2045182 |s2cid=162237648 |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/2045182 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>

After 1189, the Jin dynasty became increasingly involved in conflicts with the [[Mongols]]. By 1215, after losing much territory to the Mongols, the Jurchens moved their capital south from [[Beijing|Zhongdu]] to [[Kaifeng]]. The Jin emperor [[Wanyan Yongji]]'s daughter, Jurchen Princess Qiguo was married to Mongol leader [[Genghis Khan]] in exchange for relieving the [[Battle of Zhongdu|Mongol siege upon Zhongdu]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Broadbridge |first1=Anne F. |title=Women and the Making of the Mongol Empire |date=2018 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1108636629 |page=94 |edition=illustrated |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RHOFDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA94}}</ref> After [[Siege of Kaifeng (1232)|a siege]] lasting about a year, Kaifeng fell to the Mongols in 1233. [[Emperor Aizong of Jin|Emperor Aizong]] fled to Caizhou for shelter, but Caizhou also [[Siege of Caizhou|fell to the Mongols]] in 1234, marking the end of the Jin dynasty.