Editing Jena (section)

=== Climate ===
Jena has an [[oceanic climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: ''Cfb''; [[Trewartha climate classification|Trewartha]]: ''Dobk'').<ref name = koppen>{{cite journal| last = Kottek | first = M.|author2=J. Grieser |author3=C. Beck |author4=B. Rudolf |author5=F. Rubel | title = World Map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification updated| journal = Meteorol. Z.| volume =15 | pages =259–263| url =http://www.schweizerbart.de/resources/downloads/paper_free/55034.pdf| doi =10.1127/0941-2948/2006/0130| access-date = 22 January 2013| year =2006| issue = 3| bibcode = 2006MetZe..15..259K}}</ref><ref name=Peel>{{cite journal | author=Peel, M. C. and Finlayson, B. L. and McMahon, T. A. | year=2007 | title= Updated world map of the Köppen–Geiger climate classification | journal=Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. | volume=11 | issue=5 | pages=1633–1644 |doi=10.5194/hess-11-1633-2007 | bibcode=2007HESS...11.1633P | url=http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/11/1633/2007/hess-11-1633-2007.html | issn = 1027-5606| doi-access=free }} ''(direct: [http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/11/1633/2007/hess-11-1633-2007.pdf Final Revised Paper])''</ref> Summers are warm and sometimes humid; winters are relatively cold. The city's topography creates a microclimate caused through the basin position with sometimes [[Inversion (meteorology)|inversion]] in winter (quite cold nights under {{convert|-20|C|F}}) and heat and inadequate air circulation in summer. Annual precipitation is {{convert|585|mm|in|sp=us}} with moderate rainfall throughout the year. Light snowfall mainly occurs from December through February, but snow cover does not usually remain for long. During the Middle Ages, Jena was famous for growing wine on its slopes. Nowadays, the next commercial wine-growing areas are situated {{convert|20|km|0|abbr=on}} down Saale river. Due to its distance to coastal areas and position in the Saale valley, wind speeds tend to be very low; predominant direction is SW.

The Jena weather station has recorded the following extreme values:<ref name=sklima/>
* Its highest temperature was {{convert|39.1|C|F}} on [[2022_European_heatwaves#July_heatwave_2|20 July 2022]].
* Its lowest temperature was {{convert|-30.6|C|F}} on 22 January 1850 and 2 February 1830.<!--
* In 1973 it had 205 days of snow cover.
* Its greatest depth of snow was {{convert|380|cm|in|abbr=on}} on 14 and 15 April 1970.
* Its highest measured wind speed was {{convert|263|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} on 24 November 1984.-->
* Its greatest annual precipitation was {{convert|849.7|mm|in|abbr=on}} in 1882.
* Its least annual precipitation was {{convert|379.4|mm|in|abbr=on}} in 1911.
* The longest annual sunshine was 1928.8 hours in 2003.
* The shortest annual sunshine was 1108.6 hours in 1960.
{{Weather box
|location = Jena, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1821–present
|metric first = Y
|single line = Y
|Jan record high C = 17.0
|Feb record high C = 23.1
|Mar record high C = 25.9
|Apr record high C = 32.5
|May record high C = 36.1
|Jun record high C = 38.8
|Jul record high C = 39.1
|Aug record high C = 38.7
|Sep record high C = 36.5
|Oct record high C = 29.0
|Nov record high C = 23.1
|Dec record high C = 17.7
|year record high C = 39.1
|Jan avg record high C = 12.5
|Feb avg record high C = 14.5
|Mar avg record high C = 19.7
|Apr avg record high C = 25.2
|May avg record high C = 29.5
|Jun avg record high C = 32.6
|Jul avg record high C = 34.0
|Aug avg record high C = 33.8
|Sep avg record high C = 28.5
|Oct avg record high C = 23.2
|Nov avg record high C = 16.4
|Dec avg record high C = 13.0
|year avg record high C = 35.8
|Jan high C = 4.6
|Feb high C = 6.2
|Mar high C = 10.6
|Apr high C = 16.2
|May high C = 20.4
|Jun high C = 23.7
|Jul high C = 26.0
|Aug high C = 25.7
|Sep high C = 20.7
|Oct high C = 15.0
|Nov high C = 8.9
|Dec high C = 5.3
|year high C = 15.3
|Jan mean C = 1.7
|Feb mean C = 2.5
|Mar mean C = 5.7
|Apr mean C = 10.1
|May mean C = 14.3
|Jun mean C = 17.7
|Jul mean C = 19.7
|Aug mean C = 19.1
|Sep mean C = 14.6
|Oct mean C = 10.1
|Nov mean C = 5.6
|Dec mean C = 2.6
|year mean C = 10.3
|Jan low C = -1.2
|Feb low C = -1.0
|Mar low C = 1.5
|Apr low C = 4.5
|May low C = 8.4
|Jun low C = 12.0
|Jul low C = 14.0
|Aug low C = 13.6
|Sep low C = 9.9
|Oct low C = 6.1
|Nov low C = 2.6
|Dec low C = -0.1
|year low C = 5.9
|Jan avg record low C = -10.9
|Feb avg record low C = -9.2
|Mar avg record low C = -5.0
|Apr avg record low C = -1.6
|May avg record low C = 2.2
|Jun avg record low C = 6.6
|Jul avg record low C = 9.1
|Aug avg record low C = 8.0
|Sep avg record low C = 4.2
|Oct avg record low C = -0.8
|Nov avg record low C = -3.9
|Dec avg record low C = -8.7
|year avg record low C = -13.3
|Jan record low C = -30.6
|Feb record low C = -30.6
|Mar record low C = -24.0
|Apr record low C = -12.4
|May record low C = -5.1
|Jun record low C = 0.6
|Jul record low C = 3.7
|Aug record low C = 3.4
|Sep record low C = -4.4
|Oct record low C = -10.9
|Nov record low C = -24.6
|Dec record low C = -28.8
|year record low C = -30.6
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 35.3
|Feb precipitation mm = 30.4
|Mar precipitation mm = 41.9
|Apr precipitation mm = 36.9
|May precipitation mm = 61.2
|Jun precipitation mm = 54.8
|Jul precipitation mm = 85.1
|Aug precipitation mm = 67.6
|Sep precipitation mm = 50.8
|Oct precipitation mm = 41.6
|Nov precipitation mm = 47.3
|Dec precipitation mm = 42.8
|year precipitation mm = 595.6
|unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 16.9
|Feb precipitation days = 14.7
|Mar precipitation days = 15.9
|Apr precipitation days = 12.5
|May precipitation days = 14.1
|Jun precipitation days = 13.9
|Jul precipitation days = 14.7
|Aug precipitation days = 13.6
|Sep precipitation days = 12.2
|Oct precipitation days = 14.1
|Nov precipitation days = 15.5
|Dec precipitation days = 17.4
|year precipitation days = 175.5
|Jan snow depth cm = 7.2
|Feb snow depth cm = 5.4
|Mar snow depth cm = 3.3
|Apr snow depth cm = 0.3
|May snow depth cm = 0
|Jun snow depth cm = 0
|Jul snow depth cm = 0
|Aug snow depth cm = 0
|Sep snow depth cm = 0
|Oct snow depth cm = 0.2
|Nov snow depth cm = 1.3
|Dec snow depth cm = 5.6
|year snow depth cm = 10.6
|humidity colour = green
|Jan humidity = 78.7
|Feb humidity = 75.2
|Mar humidity = 71.0
|Apr humidity = 66.0
|May humidity = 67.1
|Jun humidity = 67.2
|Jul humidity = 66.4
|Aug humidity = 68.4
|Sep humidity = 74.9
|Oct humidity = 79.3
|Nov humidity = 81.7
|Dec humidity = 80.6
|year humidity = 73.0
|Jan sun = 59.1
|Feb sun = 80.7
|Mar sun = 107.7
|Apr sun = 160.4
|May sun = 191.4
|Jun sun = 182.6
|Jul sun = 197.4
|Aug sun = 213.2
|Sep sun = 136.3
|Oct sun = 104.9
|Nov sun = 53.6
|Dec sun = 44.8
|year sun = 1532.1
|source 1 = [[Deutscher Wetterdienst]] / SKlima.de<ref name=sklima>{{cite web 
|url = http://sklima.de/datenbank_auswertung.php?tab=2
|title = Monatsauswertung 
|website = sklima.de 
|publisher = SKlima 
|language = de 
|access-date = 11 October 2024}}</ref>
}}