Editing Jacobitism (section)

=== Romantic revival ===
As the political danger of Jacobitism receded, the movement was increasingly viewed as a romantic symbol of the past, particularly the final rebellion. Relics and mementoes of 1745 were preserved, and Charles himself celebrated in "increasingly emotional language". This memorialising tendency was reinforced by the publication in the 1830s of selections from ''The Lyon in Mourning'' by [[Robert Forbes (bishop)|Robert Forbes]] (1708–1775), a collection of source material and interviews with Jacobite participants in the 1745 rising.{{sfn|Pittock|1998|p=137}}

19th-century historiography often presented Scottish Jacobites as primarily driven by a romantic attachment to the Stuarts, rather than the reality of individuals with disparate motives. This suited the Victorian depiction of Highlanders as a "martial race", distinguished by a tradition of a "misplaced loyalism" since transferred to the British crown.{{sfn|Pittock|2009|p=143}} The participation of the Lowland Scots and north-eastern gentry was less emphasised, while his Irish Jacobite advisors like Captain {{ill|Félix O'Neille y O'Neille|es|Félix O'Neille y O'Neille}},<ref> [https://www.dib.ie/biography/oneill-felix-a6922 Felix O'Neil], [[Dictionary of Irish Biography]]</ref> were, until very recently, inaccurately presented as worthless individuals who were solely a negative influence on Charles Stuart in 1745.<ref> John S. Gibson (1967), ''Ships of the Forty-Five: The Rescue of the Young Pretender'', [[Hutchinson & Co.]] London. With a [[Preface]] by Sir James Fergusson of Kilkerran, Bart., L.L.D. pp. 119-157.</ref> 

[[File:Pettie - Jacobites, 1745.jpg|left|thumb|upright=1.0|"Jacobites" by [[John Pettie]] (1874): romantic view of Jacobitism]]

Walter Scott, author of ''[[Waverley (novel)|Waverley]]'', a story of the 1745 rebellion, combined a romantic view of Jacobitism with a belief in what he says as the practical benefits of [[Whiggism]]. In 1822 he arranged a pageantry of reinvented Scottish traditions for the [[visit of King George IV to Scotland]]. The displays of [[tartan]] proved immensely popular, and Highland clothing, previously associated with rebellion and regime change, became emblems of [[Scottish national identity]]. Some descendants of those attained for rebellion had their titles restored in 1824, while persecutory and discriminatory laws against Catholics were [[Catholic emancipation|repealed]] through the efforts of [[Daniel O'Connell]] in 1829. With political and military Jacobitism now safely confined to an "earlier era", the hitherto largely ignored site of their final defeat at Culloden began to be celebrated.{{sfn|Pittock|2009|p=146}}