Editing Irish diaspora (section)

===Canada===
{{Main|Irish Canadians}}
{{See also|Irish Quebecers|Irish Newfoundlanders}}
The 2006 census by Statcan, Canada's Official Statistical office revealed that the Irish were the 4th largest ethnic group with 4,354,155 Canadians with full or partial Irish descent or 14% of the nation's total population.<ref>Paul Magocsi, ed. ''Encyclopedia of Canada's Peoples'' (1999) p. 463</ref> During the 2016 census by Statistics Canada, the Irish ethnicity retained its spot as the 4th largest ethnic group with 4,627,000 Canadians with full or partial Irish descent.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/hlt-fst/imm/Table.cfm?Lang=E&T=31&Geo=01&SO=4D|title=Immigration and Ethnocultural Diversity Highlight Tables – Ethnic Origin, both sexes, age (total), Canada, 2016 Census – 25% Sample data|first=Government of Canada, Statistics|last=Canada|website=12.statcan.gc.ca|date=25 October 2017|access-date=11 January 2018|archive-date=27 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171027195802/http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/hlt-fst/imm/Table.cfm?Lang=E&T=31&Geo=01&SO=4D|url-status=live}}</ref>

After the permanent settlement in Newfoundland by Irish in the late 18th and early 19th century, overwhelmingly from [[County Waterford]], increased immigration of the Irish elsewhere in Canada began in the decades following the [[War of 1812]] and formed a significant part of [[The Great Migration of Canada]]. Between 1825 and 1845, 60% of all immigrants to Canada were Irish; in 1831 alone, some 34,000 arrived in Montreal.

Between 1830 and 1850, 624,000 Irish arrived; in contextual terms, at the end of this period, the population of the provinces of Canada was 2.4 million. Besides [[Upper Canada]] (Ontario), [[Lower Canada]] (Quebec), the Maritime colonies of [[Nova Scotia]], [[Prince Edward Island]] and [[New Brunswick]], especially [[Saint John, New Brunswick|Saint John]], were arrival points. Not all remained; many out-migrated to the United States or to Western Canada in the decades that followed. Few returned to Ireland.

Many [[Newfoundland (island)|Newfoundlanders]] are of Irish descent. It is estimated that about 80% of Newfoundlanders have Irish ancestry on at least one side of their family tree. The family names, the predominant Roman Catholic religion, the prevalence of Irish music – even the accents of the people – are so reminiscent of rural Ireland that Irish author [[Tim Pat Coogan]] has described Newfoundland as ''"the most Irish place in the world outside Ireland"''.<ref name="Wherever Green Is Worn">[[Tim Pat Coogan]], "Wherever Green Is Worn: The Story of the Irish Diaspora", Palgrave Macmillan, 2002.</ref> [[Newfoundland Irish]], the dialect of the [[Irish language]] specific to the island was widely spoken until the mid-20th century. It is very similar to the language heard in the southeast of Ireland centuries ago, due to mass emigration from counties [[County Tipperary|Tipperary]], [[County Waterford|Waterford]], [[County Wexford|Wexford]], [[County Kerry|Kerry]] and [[County Cork|Cork]].

[[Saint John, New Brunswick]], claims the distinction of being Canada's most Irish city, according to census records. There have been Irish settlers in [[New Brunswick]] since at least the late 18th century, but during the peak of the [[Great Irish Famine]] (1845–1847), thousands of Irish emigrated through Partridge Island in the port of Saint John. Most of these Irish were Roman Catholic, who changed the complexion of the Loyalist city. A large, vibrant Irish community can also be found in the [[Miramichi Valley|Miramichi]] region of [[New Brunswick]].

[[Guysborough County]], Nova Scotia has many rural Irish villages. Erinville (which means Irishville), Salmon River, Ogden, Bantry (named after [[Bantry Bay]], [[County Cork]], Ireland but now abandoned and grown up in trees) among others, where Irish last names are prevalent and the accent is reminiscent of the [[Irish people|Irish]] as well as the music, traditions, religion ([[Roman Catholic]]), and the love of Ireland itself. Some of the Irish counties from which these people arrived were [[County Kerry]] ([[Dingle Peninsula]]), [[County Cork]], and [[County Roscommon]], along with others.

[[Quebec]] is also home to a large Irish community, especially in [[Montreal]], where the Irish [[shamrock]] is featured on the [[flag of Montreal|municipal flag]]. Notably, thousands of Irish emigrants during the Famine passed through [[Grosse Isle]] near Québec City, where many succumbed to [[typhus]]. Most of the Irish who settled near Québec City are now French speakers.

Irish Catholic settlers also opened up new agricultural areas in the recently surveyed [[Eastern Townships]], the [[Ottawa Valley]], and [[Gatineau]] and [[Pontiac, Quebec|Pontiac]] counties. Irish from Quebec would also settle in communities such as Frampton, Saint Sylvestre, and Saint Patrick in the Beauce region of southeastern Quebec.<ref name="McGowan2">{{cite encyclopedia|author=Mark G. Mcgowan |title=Irish Catholics: Migration, Arrival, and Settlement before the Great Famine |encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of Canada's Peoples |publisher=Multicultural Canada |access-date=2012-04-25 |url=http://www.multiculturalcanada.ca/Encyclopedia/A-Z/i8/2 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120307135602/http://multiculturalcanada.ca/Encyclopedia/A-Z/i8/2 |archive-date=2012-03-07 }}</ref>

[[Ontario]] has over 2 million people of Irish descent, who in greater numbers arrived in the 1820s and the decades that followed to work on colonial infrastructure and to settle land tracts in Upper Canada, the result today is a countryside speckled with the place names of Ireland. Ontario received a large number of those who landed in Quebec during the Famine years, many thousands died in Ontario's ports. Irish-born became the majority in [[Toronto]] by 1851.