Editing Ian Chappell (section)

== World Series Cricket and aftermath ==
In 1976, Chappell toured South Africa with Richie Benaud's [[International cricket in South Africa from 1971 to 1981|International Wanderers]] team, released his autobiography ''Chappelli'' and was named as one of five [[Wisden Cricketers of the Year]].<ref name=Wisden76/> He was hired to spend the summer of 1976–77 as a guest professional in the Melbourne [[Victorian Premier Cricket|district competition]] where he was paid more than he had been as Australian captain.<ref name=Cashman/> During the season, he was involved in a famous altercation with a young English all-rounder who was in Victoria on a cricketing scholarship, [[Ian Botham]]. Both men have put forward vastly different versions as to what happened during the physical confrontation in a Melbourne pub.<ref>[https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ian-chappell-and-ian-botham-the-thirty-year-feud-491219 The thirty-year feud] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240711030129/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ian-chappell-and-ian-botham-the-thirty-year-feud-491219 |date=11 July 2024 }} Cricinfo. Retrieved 17 August 2007.</ref> The animosity between them continues and [[Nine Network|Channel Nine]] used it as a marketing ploy when Botham temporarily partnered Chappell as a television commentator during the 1998–99 season.<ref>[http://content-aus.cricinfo.com/ci/content/story/76560.html Cricinfo: The Ashes — sparks set to fly between Botham and Chappell.] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120708174607/http://content-aus.cricinfo.com/ci/content/story/76560.html |date=8 July 2012 }} (''link broken'') Retrieved 20 August 2007.</ref> Botham again revived the feud in his 2007 autobiography with another version of the incident.<ref>[http://bulletin.ninemsn.com.au/article.aspx?id=308214 Chappell — My brawl with Botham.] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071111185656/http://bulletin.ninemsn.com.au/article.aspx?id=308214 |date=11 November 2007 }} ''The Bulletin''. Retrieved 14 November 2007.</ref>

===Rebel skipper===
Throughout his career, Chappell found the ACB obdurate in his attempts to make a living from the game. In 1969 and 1970, they refused his applications to play professionally in England.<ref>Harte (1993), p 519.</ref> As Australian captain, he made several unsuccessful representations at ACB meetings in an effort to secure a more realistic financial deal for the Australian players.<ref name=ABCTV/> In consultations with the then-president of the [[Australian Council of Trade Unions|ACTU]], [[Bob Hawke]], he explored the possibility of unionising the players.<ref>Harte (1993), p 561.</ref>

Approached to lead an Australian team in [[World Series Cricket]] (WSC), a breakaway professional competition organised by [[Kerry Packer]] for Channel Nine, Chappell signed a three-year contract worth A$75,000 in 1976.<ref>Mallett (2005), p 156.</ref> His participation was, "fundamental to the credibility of the enterprise".<ref name=Cashman/> Chappell devised the list of Australian players to be signed, and was involved in the organisation and marketing of WSC.<ref name=ABCTV/> His central role was the result of, "years of personal disaffection with cricket officialdom",<ref name=CricinfoProfile/> in particular [[Don Bradman]]. Recently, Chappell wrote:
<blockquote>While captaining Australia, I was approached on three separate occasions before WSC to play 'professional' cricket, and each time I advised the entrepreneurs to meet the appropriate cricket board because they controlled the grounds. On each occasion, the administrators sent the entrepreneurs packing and it quickly became clear they weren't interested in a better deal for the players.

That's why I say the players didn't stab the ACB in the back. The administrators had numerous opportunities to reach a compromise but displayed little interest in the welfare of the players. It wasn't really surprising then that more than 50 players from around the world signed lucrative WSC contracts and a revolution was born. About half of the WSC players were from Australia and this high ratio can, in part, be attributed to Bradman's tight-fisted approach to the ACB's money.<ref name=Bulletin/></blockquote>

In WSC's debut season of 1977–78, Chappell hit the first Supertest century and finished fifth in overall averages.<ref>[https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Events/AUS/World_Series_Cricket_Supertests_1977-78/Batting_by_Average.html Cricket Archive: WSC Supertests 1977–78.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240711030639/https://cricketarchive.com/subscribe |date=11 July 2024 }} Retrieved 13 November 2007.</ref> The prevalence of short-pitched fast bowling and a serious injury to Australian [[David Hookes]] led to the innovation of batting helmets; Chappell was one of the many batsmen to use one. Following their 1975–76 tour of Australia, the West Indies adopted a four-man fast bowling attack, while the World XI contained fast bowlers of the calibre of [[Imran Khan]], [[Mike Procter]], [[Garth Le Roux]], [[Clive Rice]] and [[Sarfraz Nawaz]]. The constant diet of pace bowling undermined the confidence of some batsmen during WSC. Chappell's form fell away during the second season and he scored only 181 runs at 25.85 in four Supertests.<ref>[https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Events/AUS/World_Series_Cricket_Supertests_1978-79/Batting_by_Average.html Cricket Archive: WSC Supertests 1978–79.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303231235/http://www.cricketarchive.com/Archive/Events/AUS/World_Series_Cricket_Supertests_1978-79/Batting_by_Average.html |date=3 March 2016 }} Retrieved 13 November 2007.</ref> During the last six days of the season, the WSC Australians lost the finals of both the limited-overs competition (to the West Indies XI) and the Supertest series (to the World XI), thus forfeiting the winner-takes-all prize money. After the latter match, Chappell vented his frustrations on World XI captain [[Tony Greig]] by refusing to shake his hand and criticising Greig's inconsequential contribution to his team's victory.<ref>Haigh (1993), pp 255–256.</ref> The final act of the competition was a series between the WSC Australians and the WSC West Indies played in the Caribbean in the spring of 1979. After the Australians suffered a heavy defeat in the first Supertest at [[Sabina Park|Jamaica]], Chappell rallied his team to draw the five match series one-all. His best effort were scores of 61 and 86 at [[Kensington Oval|Barbados]].<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/cricket/1967826.stm BBC Sport: Supertest results.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240711040614/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/cricket/1967826.stm |date=11 July 2024 }} Retrieved 13 November 2007.</ref>

===Return to Tests===
Convinced to return to official cricket when WSC ended, Chappell resumed as captain of SA in 1979–80, a decision he later regretted.<ref>Mallett (2005), p 179.</ref> It was a season too far for the increasingly irascible Chappell. Reported by an umpire for swearing in a match against Tasmania, he received a three-week suspension. In his first match after the ban, he was again reported for his conduct in a game against the touring English team. Given a suspended ban by the ACB, he was then selected for Australia's last three Tests of the season.<ref>[http://content-aus.cricinfo.com/wisdenalmanack/content/story/153581.html ''Wisden, 1981 edition'': 2nd Test Australia v England, match report.] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120708225348/http://content-aus.cricinfo.com/wisdenalmanack/content/story/153581.html |date=8 July 2012 }} Retrieved 18 August 2007.</ref> His Test career finished with scores of 75 and 26 not out at the [[Melbourne Cricket Ground|MCG]] against England in February 1980. In his final first-class match, SA needed to beat Victoria to win the Sheffield Shield. Although Chappell scored 112, SA lost the match and the shield. Ironically, the umpires voted him the competition's player of the season for a second time.<ref>Mallett (2005), p 185.</ref>

===ODI record===
Chappell's aggressive approach suited [[Limited overs cricket|limited-overs]] cricket; he scored his runs at a strike-rate of 77 runs per hundred balls.<ref name=CricinfoProfile/> The timing of his career limited him to 16 [[One Day International|ODI]] matches, but he appeared in a number of historic fixtures such as the first ODI (at the MCG in 1971),<ref>[http://aus.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/1970S/1970-71/ENG_IN_AUS/ENG_AUS_ODI_05JAN1971.html Only ODI Australia v England, scorecard] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071229094944/http://aus.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/1970S/1970-71/ENG_IN_AUS/ENG_AUS_ODI_05JAN1971.html |date=29 December 2007 }} Cricinfo. Retrieved 30 September 2007.</ref> the first World Cup final (at Lord's in 1975) and the first day/night match (during WSC, at [[Waverley Park|VFL Park]] in 1978).<ref>[http://aus.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/1970S/1977-78/OTHERS+ICC/PACKER/INT-CUP/WSC-AUS_WSC-WI_INT-CUP_24JAN1978.html Cricinfo: International Cup match 13 WSC Australia v WSC West Indies, scorecard.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240711030726/https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/test/error/index.html |date=11 July 2024 }} Retrieved 30 September 2007.</ref> He passed fifty in half of his innings with a top score of 86 at Christchurch in 1973–74. In his final season of international cricket, he scored 63 not out (from 65 balls) against the West Indies at the SCG to win the player of the match award; five days later he hit an unbeaten 60 from 50 balls in his penultimate ODI appearance, against England. As captain, he recorded six wins and five losses from 11 matches. He is also credited to have hit the first ever six in an ODI match (which is in fact the first ODI match ever played).

===Captaincy statistics===
[[File:Adelaide Oval 2006-2.jpg|right|thumb|The Chappell Stands at the Adelaide Oval, opened in 2003]]
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;"
|-
!| Season || Opponent || Played || Won || Lost || Drawn
|-
| 1970-1 || England (home) || 1 || 0 || 1 || 0
|-
| 1972 || England (away) || 5 || 2 || 2 || 1
|-
| 1972–73 || Pakistan (home) || 3 || 3 || 0 || 0
|-
| 1972–73|| West Indies (away) || 5 || 2 || 0 || 3
|-
| 1973–74 || New Zealand (home) || 3 || 2 || 0 || 1
|-
| 1973–74 || New Zealand (away) || 3 || 1 || 1 || 1
|-
| 1974–75 || England (home) || 6 || 4 || 1 || 1
|-
| 1975 || England (away) || 4 || 1 || 0 || 3
|-
|  || '''Official Tests''' || '''30''' || '''15''' || '''5''' || '''10'''
|-
| 1971–72 || Rest of World XI (home) || 5 || 1 || 2 || 2
|-
| 1977–78 || WSC Supertests (home) || 5 || 1 || 4 || 0
|-
| 1978–79 || WSC Supertests (home) || 4 || 1 || 2 || 1
|-
| 1979 || WSC Supertests (West Indies) || 5 || 1 || 1 || 3
|-
|  || '''All Matches''' || '''49''' || '''19''' || '''14''' || '''16'''
|}

===Legacy===
The title of the [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation|ABC's]] documentary ''The Chappell Era'', broadcast in 2002, encapsulated Chappell's significance to Australian cricket. Subtitled ''Cricket in the '70s'', it chronicled the rise of the Australian cricket team under Chappell, the fight for better pay for the players, and professionalisation of the game through WSC. During the program, Chappell reiterated his criticisms of cricket's administration at the time.<ref name=ABCTV/>

In ''Wisden'', Richie Benaud wrote, "Chappell will be remembered as much for his bid to improve the players' lot as he will for his run-getting and captaincy".<ref name=Wisden76/> During the WSC period, he founded a players' association with a loan provided by Kerry Packer. Despite Chappell's continued support for the organisation after his retirement, apathy and a lack of recognition from the ACB led to its demise in 1988.<ref>Harte (1993), p 610.</ref> Revived in 1997 as the [[Australian Cricketers' Association]] (ACA), it is now an important organisation within the structure of Australian cricket. In 2005, Chappell became a member of the ACA executive.<ref>[http://www.auscricket.com.au/html/s02_article/article_view.asp?id=233&nav_cat_id=223&nav_top_id=64&dsb=819 Australian Cricketers' Association: News release 28 September 2005.] Retrieved 18 August 2007. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928210258/http://www.auscricket.com.au/html/s02_article/article_view.asp?id=233&nav_cat_id=223&nav_top_id=64&dsb=819 |date=28 September 2007 }}</ref>

Chappell was inducted into the Sport Australia Hall of Fame in 1986,<ref name=SAHOF/> the [[Federation of International Cricketers' Associations|FICA]] Cricket Hall of Fame in 2000 and the [[Australian Cricket Hall of Fame]] in 2003.<ref name="content-aus.cricinfo.com"/> Two new grandstands at the Adelaide Oval were named the Chappell Stands; at the dedication ceremony in 2003, the SACA president [[Ian McLachlan]] called the Chappells, "the most famous cricketing family in South Australia".<ref>[http://content-aus.cricinfo.com/ci/content/story/125679.html Chappell brothers and Clem Hill honoured at Adelaide Oval.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081030105541/http://content-aus.cricinfo.com/ci/content/story/125679.html |date=30 October 2008 }} Cricinfo. Retrieved 19 August 2007.</ref> In 2004, the Chappell family was again honoured with the creation of the [[Chappell–Hadlee Trophy]], an annual series of ODI matches played between Australia and New Zealand.<ref>[http://www.cricket.com.au/default.aspx?s=newsdisplay&id=33252 Cricket Australia: News release.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071120065507/http://www.cricket.com.au/default.aspx?s=newsdisplay&id=33252 |date=20 November 2007 }} Retrieved 8 October 2007.</ref>

Chappell is the leading advocate for greater formal recognition of the first Australian sporting team to travel overseas, the [[Australian Aboriginal cricket team in England in 1868]].<ref>[http://cricket.com.au/default.aspx?s=newsdisplay&id=33231 Cricket Australia: News release.] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927213452/http://cricket.com.au/default.aspx?s=newsdisplay&id=33231 |date=27 September 2007 }} Retrieved 19 August 2007.</ref>