Editing Huldrych Zwingli (section)

===Conflict with the Anabaptists (1525–1527)===
Shortly after the second Zurich disputation, many in the [[Radical Reformation|radical wing of the Reformation]] became convinced that Zwingli was making too many concessions to the Zurich council. They rejected the role of civil government and demanded the immediate establishment of a congregation of the faithful. [[Conrad Grebel]], the leader of the radicals and the emerging Anabaptist movement, spoke disparagingly of Zwingli in private. The Anabaptists in Zurich believed Zwingli's conception of the Reformed faith and the church conflicted their teachings and attempted to claim legislation of Zwingli's early teachings.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Birnbaum |first=Norman |date=1959-04-01 |title=The Zwinglian Reformation in Zurich |url=https://academic.oup.com/past/article-abstract/15/1/27/1499989?redirectedFrom=fulltext |journal=Past & Present |issue=1 |pages=27–47 |doi=10.1093/past/15.1.27 |issn=0031-2746}}</ref> On 15 August 1524 the council insisted on the obligation to baptise all newborn infants. Zwingli secretly conferred with Grebel's group and late in 1524, the council called for official discussions. When talks were broken off, Zwingli published ''Wer Ursache gebe zu Aufruhr'' (Whoever Causes Unrest) clarifying the opposing points of view.<ref>{{Harvnb|Gäbler|1986|pp=125–126}}</ref> On 17 January 1525 a public debate was held and the council decided in favour of Zwingli. Anyone refusing to have their children baptised was required to leave Zurich. The radicals ignored these measures and on 21 January, they met at the house of the mother of another radical leader, [[Felix Manz]]. Grebel and a third leader, [[George Blaurock]], performed the first recorded Anabaptist [[Credobaptism|adult baptisms]].<ref>{{Harvnb|Potter|1976|pp=177–182}}</ref>

On 2 February, the council repeated the requirement on the baptism of all babies and some who failed to comply were arrested and fined, Manz and Blaurock among them. Zwingli and Jud interviewed them and more debates were held before the Zurich council. Meanwhile, the new teachings continued to spread to other parts of the Confederation as well as a number of [[Swabia]]n towns. On 6–8 November, the last debate on the subject of baptism took place in the Grossmünster. Grebel, Manz, and Blaurock defended their cause before Zwingli, Jud, and other reformers. There was no serious exchange of views as each side would not move from their positions and the debates degenerated into an uproar, each side shouting abuse at the other.<ref>{{Harvnb|Potter|1976|pp=183–186}}</ref>

The Zurich council decided that no compromise was possible. On 7 March 1526 it released the notorious mandate that no one shall rebaptise another under the penalty of death.<ref>{{Harvnb|Potter|1976|p=187}}</ref> Although Zwingli, technically, had nothing to do with the mandate, there is no indication that he disapproved. Felix Manz, who had sworn to leave Zurich and not to baptise any more, had deliberately returned and continued the practice. After he was arrested and tried, he was executed on 5 January 1527 by being drowned in the [[Limmat]]. He was the first Anabaptist martyr; three more were to follow, after which all others either fled or were expelled from Zurich.<ref>{{Harvnb|Potter|1976|pp=186–188}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Sharp|first=John|title=The Reformation and the Anabaptists: Steps to Reconciliation, 26 June, 2004, Zurich, Switzerland|publisher=Mennonite Historical Committee|date=July 2004|url=http://www.mcusa-archives.org/events/statements_index.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324075102/http://www.mcusa-archives.org/events/statements_index.htm|archive-date=24 March 2012|access-date=23 December 2012}} The descendants of the Zwinglian Reformation, the Reformed Church of Zurich, and the descendants of the Anabaptist movement ([[Amish]], [[Hutterites]], and [[Mennonites]]) held a Reconciliation Conference at the Grossmünster on 26 June 2004. This link includes the conference program, and all statements made at that conference.</ref>