Editing Hobart (section)

===Housing===
[[File:2021 Warrane nipaluna.jpg|thumb|Post-war housing is common throughout the city]]
Hobart as a city has delivered its housing by various means and forms. For its early history, housing was small-scale but clustered in very small areas (the highest concentration and diversity of Hobart's heritage remains around the constantly-evolving city centre).<ref name="Sprent">{{cite journal |last1=Solomon |first1=RJ |title=SPRENT'S HOBART, circa 1845 |journal=Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania |date=1967 |volume=101 |issue=5 |pages=20 |url=https://eprints.utas.edu.au/14255/1/1967_Solomon_Sprents'_Hobart.pdf |access-date=4 July 2024}}</ref> With the development of streets and [[Transport in Hobart|public transport]], such as a [[Rail transport in Tasmania|railway]] in 1876 and Australia's first [[Trams in Hobart|fully-electric tram network]] in 1893, further [[Transit metropolis|growth of the urban area]] was enabled. [[Streetcar suburb|Inner suburbs]] from this era typically have orderly streets (around planned subdivisions of former agriculture grants, often  inspired by the [[City Beautiful movement]]) with shopfronts (the [[Hill Street Grocer]] franchise derives from the commercial legacy of a former tramway) and narrow lanes lined with timber and brick cottages, [[townhouses]] and small apartment buildings.

[[Public housing in Australia|Social housing]] was usually organised by private societies and entities as outreach to those in need until crises brought greater attention from government authorities, such as the Homes Act (1919) and Housing Agreement (1945). The Housing Department focused mainly on mixing these with broad-acre suburban estates, which were sometimes expensive to service with adequate infrastructure.<ref>{{cite web |title=Housing (Public) |url=https://www.utas.edu.au/library/companion_to_tasmanian_history/H/Housing%20Public.htm |website=the companion to Tasmanian History |publisher=UTAS |access-date=22 June 2024}}</ref> Architects such as [[Margaret Findlay]] were employed by the public works department. [[Bungalows]] were mass-produced in [[weatherboard]] and then [[fibro]] materials.<ref>{{cite web |title=Shelter |url=https://www.utas.edu.au/tasmanian-companion/biogs/E000906b.htm |website=Companion to Tasmanian History |publisher=UTAS |access-date=22 June 2024}}</ref> The 1944 [[Town and Country Planning Act (Australia) 1944|Town and Country Planning Act]] was the instrument to transfer control of urban housing to municipalities, which automatically resulted in tightly restricted homebuilding in existing urban areas.<ref>{{cite web |title=Town Planning |url=https://www.utas.edu.au/library/companion_to_tasmanian_history/T/Town%20planning.htm |website=the companion to Tasmanian History |publisher=UTAS |access-date=22 June 2024}}</ref> The advent of the [[automotive city]] and the 1965 [[Hobart Area Transportation Study]] (which ultimately resulted in [[Planned obsolescence|cuts to]] public transport<ref name="mckellinstitute.org.au">{{cite news |title=Rockliffe & White must commit to end Tasmania's era of public transport neglect: McKell Institute |url=https://mckellinstitute.org.au/rockliffe-white-must-commit-to-end-tasmanias-era-of-public-transport-neglect-mckell-institute/ |website=The McKell Institute |access-date=22 June 2024 |date=27 February 2024}}</ref><ref name="tasmaniantimes.com">{{cite news |last1=Sharp |first1=Mathew |title=Public Transport Patronage in Greater Hobart |url=https://tasmaniantimes.com/2024/03/public-transport-patronage-in-greater-hobart/ |access-date=22 June 2024 |agency=Tasmanian Times |date=12 March 2024}}</ref> and parts of the inner city being converted into [[Societal impacts of cars|parking]]) further made Hobart a [[Urban sprawl|sprawling]] city. [[Zoning]] now applies and specific area plans can also be prepared (with the land use near Hobart's [[Transit-oriented development|northern suburbs transit corridor]] under particular focus),<ref>{{cite web |title=Activating the Northern Suburbs Transit Corridor |url=https://www.hobartcitydeal.com.au/activating_the_northern_suburbs_transit_corridor |website=Hobart City Deal |access-date=22 June 2024}}</ref> though planning reform and new provisions schedules are being prepared.<ref>{{cite web |title=Tasmanian Planning Scheme |url=https://www.hobartcity.com.au/Development/Planning-schemes/Tasmanian-Planning-Scheme |website=City of Hobart |access-date=22 June 2024}}</ref> While community and social housing projects do occur in expensive areas (such as 25 apartments on [[Goulburn Street, Hobart|Goulburn Street]] in 2021),<ref>{{cite web |title=GOULBURN STREET HOUSING |url=https://www.cumulus.studio/goulburn-street-housing |website=Cumulus Studio |access-date=22 June 2024}}</ref> it is still difficult to achieve approval.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Holmes |first1=Adam |title=Social housing proposal receives 31 objections as neighbours say it does not fit in the area |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-03-04/social-housing-proposal-receives-31-objections/102052686 |access-date=22 June 2024 |agency=ABC News |date=4 March 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Rojahn |first1=Madeleine |title=Hobart mayor Anna Reynolds slams council's decision to reject St Vincent de Paul's apartment building for vulnerable women |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-05-10/womens-social-housing-in-hobart-rejected/103829612 |access-date=22 June 2024 |agency=ABC News |date=10 May 2024}}</ref>

As of 2024, Hobart is the least dense Australian capital<ref>{{cite news |last1=Burgess |first1=Georgie |title=Hobart's low apartment rate hurting housing affordability and urban livability, experts say |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-06-12/hobart-cityscape-to-include-more-apartments-medium-density/103960282 |access-date=22 June 2024 |agency=ABC News |date=12 June 2024}}</ref> with the highest costs per capita (alongside [[Sydney#Housing|Sydney]]) for housing<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ziffer |first1=Daniel |title=Potential Airbnb ban, 'no deposit' home loans and rent subsidies: Radical policies show how housing might swing elections |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-03-20/airbnb-ban-no-deposit-home-loans-landlord-subsidies-tas-election/103584528 |access-date=22 June 2024 |agency=ABC News |date=20 March 2024}}</ref> and [[car dependent|car-ownership]] (19.7% cost-to-income in 2024).<ref>{{cite web |title=TRANSPORT AFFORDABILITY INDEX MARCH QUARTER 2024 |url=https://www.aaa.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/AAA_Affordability-Index-Q1-2024-WEB.pdf |website=Australian Automobile Association |access-date=22 June 2024}}</ref> This is credited with contributing to the broader Tasmanian demographic crisis and emigration.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Blackwood |first1=Fiona |title=Politicians must reckon with Tasmania's slowing economy and shrinking population, experts say |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-02-28/tasmanian-state-election-economy-population-decline/103511658 |access-date=29 June 2024 |agency=ABC News |date=28 February 2024}}</ref> The median house price of inner Hobart was A$1,026,500 in 2021,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ainsworth |first1=Kate |title=Hobart becomes Tasmania's first million-dollar median house price city |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-10-28/hobart-becomes-tasmanias-first-million-dollar-city/100573224 |access-date=22 June 2024 |agency=ABC News |date=28 October 2021}}</ref> which would be 12.8x the region's median household income per year. Of the 76,686 total dwellings in urban Greater Hobart in [[Australia census|2021]], only 10% were a flat or apartment and 7.2% semi-detached or terrace.<ref>{{cite web |title=Hobart 2021 Census All persons QuickStats |url=https://www.abs.gov.au/census/find-census-data/quickstats/2021/UCL603001 |website=ABS |access-date=22 June 2024}}</ref> Greater Hobart builds on average 700 new dwellings per year,<ref>{{cite web |title=30 Year Greater Hobart Plan |url=https://www.greaterhobart.tas.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0011/345719/Greater_Hobart_Plan_-_Strategy_for_Growth_and_Change_Aug_2022.pdf |website=Greater Hobart Committee |access-date=22 June 2024}}</ref> which equates to between 3–3.5 per 1000 people (lower than the 6–9 of other states),<ref>{{cite web |title=Building more homes where people want to live |url=https://www.productivity.nsw.gov.au/building-more-homes-where-people-want-to-live |website=NSW Productivity Commission |access-date=22 June 2024}}</ref> mostly concentrated in outer suburbs like [[Bridgewater, Tasmania|Bridgewater]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Small Area Dwelling Completions |url=https://www.abs.gov.au/articles/small-area-dwelling-completions |website=ABS |date=14 October 2020 |access-date=22 June 2024}}</ref> (which has the lowest life expectancy in Hobart at 67)<ref>{{cite news |title=Suburbs with Highest and Lowest Life Expectancy Revealed |url=https://tasmaniantimes.com/2021/03/suburbs-with-highest-and-lowest-life-expectancy-revealed/ |access-date=29 June 2024 |agency=Tasmanian Times |date=1 March 2021}}</ref> which studies show can cost 8x more than infill,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lindell |first1=Jasper |title=Urban infill offers significantly cheaper way to create new dwellings: study |url=https://www.canberratimes.com.au/story/7909113/urban-infill-offers-significantly-cheaper-way-to-create-new-dwellings/ |access-date=22 June 2024 |agency=The Canberra Times |date=20 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=McGowan |first1=Michael |title=Sydney sprawl costs economy $75,000 more per new home: report |url=https://www.smh.com.au/politics/nsw/sydney-sprawl-costs-economy-75-000-more-per-new-home-report-20230825-p5dzia.html |access-date=22 June 2024 |agency=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=28 August 2023}}</ref> meaning they require more infrastructure per dwelling to service<ref>{{cite news |title=Greater Hobart's 'most affordable' suburb is Primrose Sands, but many on the southern beaches are doing it tough |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-01-23/hobart-most-affordable-suburb-primrose-sands/101880452 |access-date=29 June 2024 |agency=ABC News |date=23 January 2023}}</ref> than areas closer to existing services (which are more often under-capacity<ref>{{cite news |last1=Caroll |first1=Lucy |title=Revealed: Sydney's most overcrowded primary and high schools |url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/revealed-sydney-s-most-overcrowded-primary-and-high-schools-20240501-p5fo8k.html |access-date=29 June 2024 |agency=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=7 May 2024}}</ref>). Rental vacancies have generally been on decline since about 2013 with the rate consistenly under 3% and listings 50.5% lower in southern Tasmania over 11 years. Renting is also typically [[eviction#No-fault evictions|less protected]] than other states.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rental Affordability Snapshot Tasmania 2024 |url=https://www.anglicare-tas.org.au/research/rental-affordability-snapshot-tasmania-2024/ |website=Anglicare TAS |access-date=22 June 2024}}</ref>

Tenant-oriented housing models may become more common, with a few examples in Hobart such as 2020's all-electric ''The Commons Hobart'' where expensive [[parking mandates]] were waivered to enable an affordable [[green lifestyle]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Zero emissions |url=http://www.commonshobart.com.au/zero-emissions.html |website=The Commons |access-date=21 June 2024}}</ref>