Editing Hindi cinema (section)

=== India ===
Perhaps Hindi cinema's greatest influence has been on India's national identity, where (with the rest of Indian cinema) it has become part of the "Indian story".<ref name=desai2013>{{Cite news |url= https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-india-22335309|title= How Bollywood mirrors Indian realities|last1= Desai|first1= Lord Meghnad|date= 4 May 2013 |work= BBC News|publisher= BBC|access-date=15 January 2014}}</ref> In India, Bollywood is often associated with India's national identity. According to economist and Bollywood biographer [[Meghnad Desai, Baron Desai|Meghnad Desai]], "Cinema actually has been the most vibrant medium for telling India its own story, the story of its struggle for independence, its constant struggle to achieve national integration and to emerge as a global presence".<ref name=desai2013 />

Scholar Brigitte Schulze has written that Indian films, most notably [[Mehboob Khan]]'s ''[[Mother India]]'' (1957), played a key role in shaping the [[Republic of India]]'s national identity in the early years after [[Indian independence movement|independence]] from the [[British Raj]]; the film conveyed a sense of [[Indian nationalism]] to urban and rural citizens alike.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Schulze |first1=Brigitte |title=The Cinematic 'Discovery of India': Mehboob's Re-Invention of the Nation in Mother India |journal=[[Social Scientist]] |date=September 2002 |volume=30 |issue=9/10 |pages=72–87 |doi=10.2307/3517959|jstor=3517959 }}</ref> Bollywood has long influenced Indian society and culture as the biggest entertainment industry; many of the country's musical, dancing, wedding and fashion trends are Bollywood-inspired. Bollywood fashion trendsetters have included [[Madhubala]] in ''[[Mughal-e-Azam]]'' (1960) and [[Madhuri Dixit]] in ''[[Hum Aapke Hain Koun..!]]'' (1994).<ref name="desiblitz">{{cite news|title=Impact of Bollywood on Indian Culture|url=https://www.desiblitz.com/content/impact-bollywood-indian-culture|work=DESIblitz|date=15 January 2014}}</ref>

Hindi films have also had a [[socio-political]] impact on Indian society, reflecting [[Indian politics]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Raghavendra|first=M. K.|title=The Politics of Hindi Cinema in the New Millennium: Bollywood and the Anglophone Indian Nation|publisher=[[Oxford Scholarship Online]]|isbn=978-0-19-945056-5|doi=10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199450565.001.0001|year=2014}}</ref> In classic 1970s Bollywood films, Bombay underworld crime films written by [[Salim–Javed]] and starring [[Amitabh Bachchan]] such as ''[[Zanjeer (1973 film)|Zanjeer]]'' (1973) and ''[[Deewaar]]'' (1975) reflected the [[socio-economic]] and socio-political realities of contemporary India. They channeled growing popular discontent and disillusionment and state failure to ensure welfare and well-being at a time of inflation, shortages, loss of confidence in public institutions, increasing crime<ref name="raj" /> and the unprecedented growth of [[slum]]s.<ref name="Mazumdar" /> Salim-Javed and Bachchan's films dealt with urban poverty, corruption and organised crime;<ref name="Penguin Group" /> they were perceived by audiences as [[anti-establishment]], often with an "angry young man" protagonist presented as a [[vigilante]] or [[anti-hero]]<ref name="hindustantimes" /> whose suppressed rage voiced the anguish of the urban poor.<ref name="Mazumdar" />