Editing Hebrew alphabet (section)

====Dagesh====
{{Unreferenced section|date=March 2025}}
{{main|Dagesh}}
{{See also|Begadkefat}}
Historically, the consonants {{Script/Hebrew|ב}} ''bet'', {{Script/Hebrew|ג}} ''gimmel'', {{Script/Hebrew|ד}} ''daleth'', {{Script/Hebrew|כ}} ''kaf'', {{Script/Hebrew|פ}} ''pe'' and {{Script/Hebrew|ת}} ''tav'' each had two sounds: one hard ([[plosive]]), and one soft ([[fricative consonant|fricative]]), depending on the position of the letter and other{{which|date=March 2025}} factors. When vowel diacritics are used, the hard sounds are indicated by a central dot called ''dagesh'' ({{Script/Hebrew|דגש}}), while the soft sounds lack a ''dagesh''. In modern Hebrew, however, the ''dagesh'' only changes the pronunciation of {{Script/Hebrew|ב}} ''bet'', {{Script/Hebrew|כ}} ''kaf'', and {{Script/Hebrew|פ}} ''pe'', and does not affect the name of the letter.  The differences are as follows:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! rowspan=2 | Name
! colspan=4 | With dagesh
! colspan=4 | Without dagesh
|-
!Symbol
! Transliteration
! [[Help:IPA/Hebrew|IPA]]
! Example
! Symbol
! Transliteration
! [[Help:IPA/Hebrew|IPA]]
! Example
|-
| ''bet/vet''
| align=center style="font-size:200%;"| {{Script/Hebrew|בּ}}
| b
| /b/
| '''b'''an
| align=center style="font-size:200%;"| {{Script/Hebrew|ב}}
| v, ḇ
| /v/
| '''v'''an
|-
| ''kaf''
| align=center | <span style="unicode-bidi:bidi-override;"><ref name="kaf_sofit">"{{Script|Hebr|ךּ}}" is rare but exists, e.g. last word in [[Deuteronomy]] 7 1 ({{lang|he|rtl=yes|דברים פרק ז׳ פסוק א׳}}) in the word "{{Script/Hebrew|מִמֶּךָּ}}"{{dash}}see [http://www.mechon-mamre.org/i/t/t0507.htm {{lang|he|rtl=yes|תנ״ך מנוקד, דברים פרק ז׳}}]. There is a single occurrence of "{{Script|Hebr|ףּ}}", see this comment{{ref label|final_pe_D_eg|D|}}.</ref></span><span style="font-size:200%;">{{Script/Hebrew|כּ ךּ}}</span>
| k
| /k/
| '''k'''angaroo
| align=center style="font-size:200%;"| {{Script/Hebrew|כ ך}}
| kh, ch, ḵ, x
| /χ/
| lo'''ch'''
|-
| ''pe''
| align=center style="font-size:200%;"| {{Script/Hebrew|פּ ףּ}}
| p
| /p/
| '''p'''ine
| align=center style="font-size:200%;"| {{Script/Hebrew|פ ף}}
| f, p̄, ph
| /f/
| '''f'''ine
|}

In other dialects (mainly liturgical) there are variations from this pattern.
*In some [[Sephardi Hebrew|Sephardi]] and [[Mizrahi Hebrew|Mizrahi]] dialects, ''bet'' without dagesh is pronounced {{IPA|[b]}}, like ''bet'' with dagesh
*In [[Syrian Jews#Pronunciation of Hebrew|Syrian]] and [[Yemenite Hebrew]], ''gimel'' without dagesh is pronounced {{IPA|[ɣ]}}.
*In Yemenite Hebrew, and in the Iraqi pronunciation of the word ''Adonai'', ''dalet'' without dagesh is pronounced {{IPA|[ð]}} as in ''these''
*In [[Ashkenazi Hebrew]], as well as [[Krymchaks|Krymchaki Hebrew]], ''tav'' without dagesh is pronounced {{IPA|[s]}} as in ''silk''
*In Iraqi and [[Yemenite Hebrew]], and formerly in some other dialects, ''tav'' without dagesh is pronounced {{IPA|[θ]}} as in ''thick''