Editing Guildford (section)

===Guildford in the World Wars===
At the start of the Second World War, 2500 children were [[evacuations of civilians in Britain during World War II|evacuated]] from southwest London to the Guildford area<ref>{{harvnb|Collyer|Rose|1999|p=15}}</ref> and in June the following year, evacuees arrived from Brighton.<ref name=Rose_Parke_2007_pp16-17>{{harvnb|Rose|Parke|2007|pp=16–17}}</ref>{{refn|The Wandsworth Technical Institute was also evacuated from southwest London to Guildford and shared the campus of Guildford Technical Institute in Stoke Park for the duration of the war.<ref name=Rose_Parke_2007_pp16-17/>|group=note}} The borough council built 18 communal [[air raid shelter]]s, including the shelter at Foxenden Quarry, capable of accommodating 1000 people.<ref name=FoxQuar>{{cite web | url=http://www.weyriver.co.uk/theriver/places_7_guildford_B.html#FoxendenQuarry | title=The Foxenden Quarry Air Raid Shelter | work=In and around Guildford | access-date=17 May 2008 | archive-date=11 May 2008 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511180925/http://www.weyriver.co.uk/theriver/places_7_guildford_B.html#FoxendenQuarry | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Foxenden Quarry, Guildford |url=http://www.subbrit.org.uk/db/1448649573.html |website=Subterranea Britanica |access-date=29 August 2018 |archive-date=19 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180819015423/http://www.subbrit.org.uk/db/1448649573.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In late 1940, six [[British Restaurant]]s were opened in the town<ref name=Rose_Parke_2007_p22>{{harvnb|Rose|Parke|2007|p=22}}</ref> and, in May the following year, the first [[pre-school|nursery school]] for children aged between two and five was opened, enabling their mothers to participate in war work.<ref>{{harvnb|Rose|Parke|2007|p=56}}</ref> Over the course of the war, seven people were killed in the town as a result of enemy bombing, three of whom died when a [[V-1 flying bomb]] landed in Aldersey Road in August 1944.<ref>{{harvnb|Rose|Parke|2007|p=20}}</ref>{{refn|The V-1 flying bomb that landed in Aldersey Road in August 1944 was the second to hit Guildford. The first landed in Stoke Park in June 1944 and although there were no casualties, nearby houses were damaged by the bomb blast.<ref>{{harvnb|Collyer|Rose|1999|p=151}}</ref>|group=note}}

[[File:The British Army in the United Kingdom 1939-45 H1023.jpg|thumb|right|Members of the [[Queen's Royal Regiment (West Surrey)]] learning to fire the [[Bren light machine gun|Bren Gun]] at Guildford in 1939]]
At the start of the war, [[Stoughton Barracks]] became a training centre for army recruits and [[George VI]] visited twice in late 1939.<ref>{{harvnb|Collyer|Rose|1999|p=24}}</ref> The defence of the town was the responsibility of the 4th Battalion of Surrey Home Guard<ref>{{harvnb|Collyer|Rose|1999|p=33}}</ref> and defensive installations included [[dragon's teeth (fortification)|dragon's teeth]] close to London Road station, numerous pillboxes and an [[anti-tank trench|anti-tank ditch]] that was dug across Stoke Park.<ref>{{harvnb|Collyer|Rose|1999|pp=42–44}}</ref>{{refn|The [[Outer London Defence Ring|GHQ Stop Line B]] ran to the south of Guildford along the line of the [[Greensand Ridge]].<ref name=Rose_Parke_2007_p22/>|group=note}} Local factories were rededicated to the war effort: The Dennis works produced [[Churchill tank]]s, water pumps, bombs and aircraft parts,<ref>{{harvnb|Rose|Parke|2007|p=24}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Collyer|Rose|1999|p=120}}</ref> RFD in Stoke Road produced life rafts and [[buoyancy aid|flotation aids]] for the [[Royal Navy]]<ref>{{harvnb|Rose|Parke|2007|p=128}}</ref> and Warner Engineering produced [[continuous track|tank tracks]] and brass bomb noses.<ref>{{harvnb|Rose|Parke|2007|p=130}}</ref>