Editing Grenoble (section)

==Geography==
[[File:Moucherotte 23 12 11 092 (2) final.JPG|thumb|Grenoble with the [[Dauphiné Alps]] in the background.]]

Grenoble is surrounded by mountains. To the north lies the [[Chartreuse Mountains|Chartreuse]], to the south and west the [[Vercors Plateau|Vercors]], and to the east the [[Belledonne|Belledonne range]]. Grenoble is regarded as the capital of the French Alps. It is the centre of the [[Grenoble urban unit]] (agglomeration).<ref>[https://www.insee.fr/fr/metadonnees/geographie/unite-urbaine-2020/38701-grenoble Unité urbaine 2020 de Grenoble (38701)], INSEE</ref>

Except for a few dozen houses on the slopes of the [[Bastille (Grenoble)|Bastille]] hill of Chartreuse, Grenoble is exclusively built on the alluvial plain of the rivers [[Isère (river)|Isère]] and [[Drac (river)|Drac]] at an altitude of {{convert|214|m|ft}}. As a result, the city itself is extremely flat. Mountain sports are an important tourist attraction in summer and winter. Twenty large and small ski resorts surround the city, the nearest being [[Le Sappey-en-Chartreuse]], which is about 15 minutes away by car.

Historically, Grenoble and the surrounding areas were heavy industry and mining sites.<ref>''Petite histoire du Dauphiné'', Félix Vernay, 1933, p. 67.</ref> Abandoned mills and factories can be found in small towns and villages, and a few have been converted to tourist attractions, such as the coal mine at [[La Mure]].

===Climate===
The climate in Grenoble depends on the data from the chosen weather station. [[Grenoble Airport]], located {{val|40|u=km}} northwest of the city has a range from [[temperate continental climate]] to [[oceanic climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: Cfb, [[Trewartha climate classification|Trewartha]]: Dc, Do) depending on the chosen classifications. The area contains significant seasonal differences between warm to hot summers and cool to cold winters. Both temperatures above {{convert|30|C|F}} for the summer months and winter [[air frost]]s are common.

In addition, the climate is much gloomier than in the Mediterranean region, although less so than in Northern France. Rainfall is quite heavy by French standards, although the number of rainy days is relatively moderate.

As a result of winter lows averaging below freezing, snowfall also occurs, although the Grenoble Airport area itself is too mild to sustain a snowpack all winter, unlike the surrounding mountains. The record low of {{convert|-27.1|C|F}} decisively indicates the continental influence, being colder than records in typical maritime climates. Winter nights are also colder than in all other French lowland areas.

The Grenoble metropolitan area experiences two different microclimates: one more windy and cold to the west, the other, on the contrary, not very windy and warmer to the east.

However, the city of Grenoble features a [[humid subtropical climate]] (Köppen: Cfa) with no dry season. Although the record is incomplete, the newer station will meet the humid subtropical classification if maintained for the required 30-year period.

==== Saint-Martin-d'Hères weather station ====
(5&nbsp;km east of Grenoble at an altitude of 220m)

{{Weather box
| location = Grenoble – [[Saint-Martin-d'Hères]] (2003–2020 averages)
| metric first = yes
| single line = yes
| Jan record high C = 20.1
| Feb record high C = 21.9
| Mar record high C = 27.5
| Apr record high C = 31.6
| May record high C = 35.4
| Jun record high C = 38.2
| Jul record high C = 40.7
| Aug record high C = 39.4
| Sep record high C = 33.9
| Oct record high C = 31.8
| Nov record high C = 24.6
| Dec record high C = 20.2
| year record high C = 
| Jan high C = 7.0
| Feb high C = 9.6
| Mar high C = 14.9
| Apr high C = 20.0
| May high C = 23.1
| Jun high C = 27.7
| Jul high C = 30.5
| Aug high C = 29.1
| Sep high C = 24.8
| Oct high C = 19.2
| Nov high C = 12.0
| Dec high C = 7.3
| year high C = 
| Jan mean C = 3.5
| Feb mean C = 4.9
| Mar mean C = 9.2
| Apr mean C = 13.8
| May mean C = 17.0
| Jun mean C = 21.3
| Jul mean C = 23.6
| Aug mean C = 22.6
| Sep mean C = 18.9
| Oct mean C = 14.3
| Nov mean C = 8.0
| Dec mean C = 3.9
| year mean C = 
| Jan low C = -0.1
| Feb low C = 0.3
| Mar low C = 3.5
| Apr low C = 7.6
| May low C = 11.0
| Jun low C = 14.9
| Jul low C = 16.8
| Aug low C = 16.1
| Sep low C = 13.0
| Oct low C = 9.3
| Nov low C = 4.1
| Dec low C = 0.5
| year low C = 
| Jan record low C = -10.7
| Feb record low C = -12.3
| Mar record low C = -9.4
| Apr record low C = -0.8
| May record low C = 1.4
| Jun record low C = 5.0
| Jul record low C = 9.4
| Aug record low C = 9.2
| Sep record low C = 4.2
| Oct record low C = -3.0
| Nov record low C = -8.9
| Dec record low C = -10.8
| year record low C = 
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 78.8
| Feb precipitation mm = 54.4
| Mar precipitation mm = 71.8
| Apr precipitation mm = 60.5
| May precipitation mm = 97.7
| Jun precipitation mm = 82.5
| Jul precipitation mm = 74.1
| Aug precipitation mm = 81.5
| Sep precipitation mm = 62.8
| Oct precipitation mm = 83.6
| Nov precipitation mm = 88.3
| Dec precipitation mm = 87.8
| year precipitation mm = 
| source = Infoclimat<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.infoclimat.fr/climatologie/normales-records/1991-2020/saint-martin-d-heres/valeurs/00014.html | title=Normales et records climatologiques 1991-2020 à Saint-Martin-d'Hères - Infoclimat }}</ref>
}}

==== Alpes-Isère Airport weather station ====
(40&nbsp;km north-west of Grenoble at an altitude of 400m)

{{Weather box
| location = [[Alpes–Isère Airport|Grenoble-St Geoirs]] (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1941–present)
| metric first = yes
| single line = yes
| Jan record high C = 18.2
| Feb record high C = 20.7
| Mar record high C = 25.3
| Apr record high C = 28.0
| May record high C = 31.4
| Jun record high C = 37.0
| Jul record high C = 38.3
| Aug record high C = 39.5
| Sep record high C = 33.6
| Oct record high C = 28.1
| Nov record high C = 24.8
| Dec record high C = 19.5
| year record high C = 39.5
| Jan high C = 6.3
| Feb high C = 8.0
| Mar high C = 12.6
| Apr high C = 16.2
| May high C = 20.2
| Jun high C = 24.4
| Jul high C = 27.1
| Aug high C = 26.9
| Sep high C = 22.0
| Oct high C = 17.0
| Nov high C = 10.7
| Dec high C = 6.9
| year high C = 16.5
| Jan mean C = 2.8
| Feb mean C = 3.8
| Mar mean C = 7.4
| Apr mean C = 10.4
| May mean C = 14.5
| Jun mean C = 18.4
| Jul mean C = 20.6
| Aug mean C = 20.5
| Sep mean C = 16.4
| Oct mean C = 12.3
| Nov mean C = 6.9
| Dec mean C = 3.5
| year mean C = 11.5
| Jan low C = -0.7
| Feb low C = -0.5
| Mar low C = 2.1
| Apr low C = 4.7
| May low C = 8.9
| Jun low C = 12.4
| Jul low C = 14.1
| Aug low C = 14.2
| Sep low C = 10.8
| Oct low C = 7.7
| Nov low C = 3.2
| Dec low C = 0.1
| year low C = 6.4
| Jan record low C = -27.1
| Feb record low C = -19.4
| Mar record low C = -18.2
| Apr record low C = -7.9
| May record low C = -2.8
| Jun record low C = 2.1
| Jul record low C = 4.8
| Aug record low C = 3.8
| Sep record low C = -1.2
| Oct record low C = -5.3
| Nov record low C = -10.9
| Dec record low C = -20.2
| year record low C = -27.1
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 63.3
| Feb precipitation mm = 48.7
| Mar precipitation mm = 63.0
| Apr precipitation mm = 75.5
| May precipitation mm = 90.7
| Jun precipitation mm = 73.3
| Jul precipitation mm = 66.5
| Aug precipitation mm = 66.3
| Sep precipitation mm = 98.9
| Oct precipitation mm = 106.7
| Nov precipitation mm = 98.6
| Dec precipitation mm = 63.6
| year precipitation mm = 915.1
| unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
| Jan precipitation days = 8.9
| Feb precipitation days = 7.6
| Mar precipitation days = 9.0
| Apr precipitation days = 9.1
| May precipitation days = 10.1
| Jun precipitation days = 8.5
| Jul precipitation days = 7.1
| Aug precipitation days = 7.2
| Sep precipitation days = 7.5
| Oct precipitation days = 9.8
| Nov precipitation days = 10.0
| Dec precipitation days = 9.8
| year precipitation days = 104.4
| Jan snow days = 7.7
| Feb snow days = 6.0
| Mar snow days = 4.5
| Apr snow days = 2.1
| May snow days = 0.1
| Jun snow days = 0.0
| Jul snow days = 0.0
| Aug snow days = 0.0
| Sep snow days = 0.0
| Oct snow days = 0.1
| Nov snow days = 2.6
| Dec snow days = 4.9
| year snow days = 28.0
| Jan humidity = 83
| Feb humidity = 80
| Mar humidity = 76
| Apr humidity = 73
| May humidity = 75
| Jun humidity = 74
| Jul humidity = 70
| Aug humidity = 72
| Sep humidity = 79
| Oct humidity = 83
| Nov humidity = 84
| Dec humidity = 84
| year humidity = 77.8
| Jan sun = 90.8
| Feb sun = 111.6
| Mar sun = 172.9
| Apr sun = 189.8
| May sun = 220.8
| Jun sun = 258.4
| Jul sun = 292.4
| Aug sun = 263.4
| Sep sun = 199.2
| Oct sun = 140.4
| Nov sun = 91.1
| Dec sun = 78.0
| year sun = 2108.4
| source 1 = [[Meteo France]]<ref>
{{cite web
| url = https://donneespubliques.meteofrance.fr/FichesClim/FICHECLIM_38384001.pdf
| title = Grenoble–St Geoirs (35)
| work = Fiche Climatologique: Statistiques 1991–2020 et records
| publisher = Meteo France
| language = fr
| access-date = 21 July 2022}}</ref>
| source 2 = Infoclimat (humidity, snowy days 1961–1990)<ref name=Infoclimat>{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304112948/http://www.infoclimat.fr/climatologie-07486-grenoble-st-geoirs.html
| archive-date = 4 March 2016
| url = http://www.infoclimat.fr/climatologie-07486-grenoble-st-geoirs.html
| title = Normes et records 1961-1990: Grenoble-St Geoirs (38) - altitude 384m 
| language = fr
| publisher = Infoclimat
| access-date = 27 December 2015}}</ref>
| source = 
}}

==== 1981–2010 normals ====
{{Weather box
| location = [[Alpes–Isère Airport|Grenoble-St Geoirs]] (1981–2010 normals, extremes 1941–present)
| metric first = yes
| single line = yes
| Jan record high C = 17.3
| Feb record high C = 20.7
| Mar record high C = 25.3
| Apr record high C = 28.0
| May record high C = 31.4
| Jun record high C = 37.0
| Jul record high C = 38.3
| Aug record high C = 39.5
| Sep record high C = 33.6
| Oct record high C = 28.1
| Nov record high C = 24.8
| Dec record high C = 19.5
| year record high C = 39.5
| Jan high C = 5.9
| Feb high C = 7.8
| Mar high C = 12.0
| Apr high C = 15.3
| May high C = 19.9
| Jun high C = 23.8
| Jul high C = 26.9
| Aug high C = 26.4
| Sep high C = 21.8
| Oct high C = 16.9
| Nov high C = 10.2
| Dec high C = 6.4
| year high C = 16.2
| Jan low C = -1.2
| Feb low C = -0.4
| Mar low C = 2.0
| Apr low C = 4.4
| May low C = 8.9
| Jun low C = 12.0
| Jul low C = 14.2
| Aug low C = 14.0
| Sep low C = 10.9
| Oct low C = 7.8
| Nov low C = 2.7
| Dec low C = -0.1
| year low C = 6.3
| Jan record low C = -27.1
| Feb record low C = -19.4
| Mar record low C = -18.2
| Apr record low C = -7.9
| May record low C = -2.8
| Jun record low C = 2.1
| Jul record low C = 4.8
| Aug record low C = 3.8
| Sep record low C = -1.2
| Oct record low C = -5.3
| Nov record low C = -10.9
| Dec record low C = -20.2
| year record low C = -27.1
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 61.3
| Feb precipitation mm = 51.6
| Mar precipitation mm = 66.3
| Apr precipitation mm = 83.0
| May precipitation mm = 104.1
| Jun precipitation mm = 75.2
| Jul precipitation mm = 59.3
| Aug precipitation mm = 67.2
| Sep precipitation mm = 105.7
| Oct precipitation mm = 105.8
| Nov precipitation mm = 87.7
| Dec precipitation mm = 67.1
| year precipitation mm = 934.3
| unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
| Jan precipitation days = 9.4
| Feb precipitation days = 8.0
| Mar precipitation days = 9.4
| Apr precipitation days = 9.7
| May precipitation days = 11.0
| Jun precipitation days = 8.5
| Jul precipitation days = 6.2
| Aug precipitation days = 7.4
| Sep precipitation days = 7.7
| Oct precipitation days = 10.1
| Nov precipitation days = 9.6
| Dec precipitation days = 9.5
| year precipitation days = 106.4
| Jan snow days = 7.7
| Feb snow days = 6.0
| Mar snow days = 4.5
| Apr snow days = 2.1
| May snow days = 0.1
| Jun snow days = 0.0
| Jul snow days = 0.0
| Aug snow days = 0.0
| Sep snow days = 0.0
| Oct snow days = 0.1
| Nov snow days = 2.6
| Dec snow days = 4.9
| year snow days = 28.0
| Jan humidity = 83
| Feb humidity = 80
| Mar humidity = 76
| Apr humidity = 73
| May humidity = 75
| Jun humidity = 74
| Jul humidity = 70
| Aug humidity = 72
| Sep humidity = 79
| Oct humidity = 83
| Nov humidity = 84
| Dec humidity = 84
| year humidity = 77.8
| Jan sun = 95.0
| Feb sun = 111.7
| Mar sun = 169.8
| Apr sun = 183.0
| May sun = 219.2
| Jun sun = 255.4
| Jul sun = 289.8
| Aug sun = 255.5
| Sep sun = 193.1
| Oct sun = 137.5
| Nov sun = 84.5
| Dec sun = 71.6
| year sun = 2065.9
| source 1 = [[Meteo France]]<ref>
{{cite web
| url = https://donneespubliques.meteofrance.fr/FichesClim/FICHECLIM_38384001.pdf
| title = Grenoble–St Geoirs (35)
| work = Fiche Climatologique: Statistiques 1981–2010 et records
| publisher = Meteo France
| language = fr
| access-date = 21 July 2022}}</ref>
| source 2 = Infoclimat (humidity, snowy days 1961–1990)<ref name=Infoclimat>{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304112948/http://www.infoclimat.fr/climatologie-07486-grenoble-st-geoirs.html
| archive-date = 4 March 2016
| url = http://www.infoclimat.fr/climatologie-07486-grenoble-st-geoirs.html
| title = Normes et records 1961-1990: Grenoble-St Geoirs (38) - altitude 384m 
| language = fr
| publisher = Infoclimat
| access-date = 27 December 2015}}</ref>
| source = 
}}