Editing Grand jury (section)

=== Origins ===
Richard Helmholz traces the Grand Jury's origins to the [[Assize of Clarendon]] in 1166, an Act of [[Henry II of England]], though others note that the trial jury was brought to England by the [[Normans]], and a form of grand jury may have been used during the reign of [[Æthelred the Unready]].<ref name="Jameson-2004">{{Cite web |last=Jameson |first=Marianne |date=October 26, 2004 |title=History of Civil Grand Juries |url=https://cgja.org/history-of-grand-juries/ |access-date=2024-05-18 |website=Civil Grand Jurors' Association of California |language=en |type=Reference material}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Helmholzt |first=Richard H. |date=1983 |title=The Early History of the Grand Jury and the Canon Law |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/234137506.pdf |url-status=live |journal=[[University of Chicago Law Review]] |volume=50 |issue=2 |pages=613–627 |doi=10.2307/1599504 |jstor=1599504 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624204332/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/234137506.pdf |archive-date=2021-06-24}}</ref> Henry's chief impact on the development of the English monarchy was to increase the jurisdiction of the royal courts at the expense of the feudal courts. Itinerant justices on regular circuits were sent out once each year to enforce the "King's Peace". To make this system of royal criminal justice more effective, Henry employed the method of [[inquest]] used by [[William the Conqueror]] in the [[Domesday Book]]. In each shire, a body of important men were sworn (''juré'') to report to the [[sheriff]] all crimes committed since the last session of the circuit court. Thus originated the more recent grand jury that presents information for an indictment.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Making Of Modern Britain: Medieval Politics, Economics, Religion, And Learning |url=http://www.history-world.org/midbritain.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120714013039/http://www.history-world.org/midbritain.htm |archive-date=14 July 2012 |website=www.history-world.org}}</ref>{{Better source needed|reason=The current source is insufficiently reliable ([[WP:NOTRS]]).|date=May 2024}} The grand jury was later recognized by [[John of England|King John]] in [[Magna Carta]] in 1215 on demand of the nobility.<ref>{{cite news |last=Turley |first=Hugh |date=January 2007 |title=The Grand Jury |url=http://www.dcdave.com/article5/070119.htm |newspaper=Hyattsville Life & Times |via=DC Dave}}</ref>{{Better source needed|reason=The current source is insufficiently reliable ([[WP:NOTRS]]).|date=May 2024}}