Editing Grand Teton National Park (section)

===Teton Range===
{{Main|Teton Range|Canyons of the Teton Range}}
The youngest mountain range in the [[Rocky Mountains]], the Teton Range began forming between 6 and 9&nbsp;million years ago.<ref name=geology>{{cite web|title=Park Geology|url=http://www.nature.nps.gov/geology/parks/grte/index.cfm|work=Geology Fieldnotes|publisher=National Park Service|access-date=February 3, 2012|date=January 4, 2005|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120921015620/http://www.nature.nps.gov/geology/parks/grte/index.cfm|archive-date=September 21, 2012|df=mdy-all}}</ref> It runs roughly north to south and rises from the floor of Jackson Hole without any [[foothill]]s along a {{convert|40|mi|km|-long|adj=mid}} by {{convert|7|to|9|mile|abbr=}} wide active [[fault-block mountain]] front.<ref name="stats1" /> The range tilts westward, rising abruptly above Jackson Hole valley which lies to the east but more gradually into [[Pierre's Hole|Teton Valley]] to the west. A series of [[earthquake]]s along the [[Teton Fault]] slowly displaced the western side of the fault upward and the eastern side of the fault downward at an average of {{convert|1|ft|cm}} of displacement every 300–400&nbsp;years.<ref name="geology" /> Most of the displacement of the fault occurred in the last 2&nbsp;million years.<ref name="byrd">{{cite journal|last=Byrd|first=John|author2=Robert Smith |author3=John Geissman |title=The Teton fault, Wyoming: Topographic signature, neotectonics, and mechanisms of deformation|journal=Journal of Geophysical Research|date=January 28, 1994|volume=99|issue=B10|series=B10|pages=20,095–20,122|doi=10.1029/94JB00281|bibcode=1994JGR....9920095B}}</ref> While the fault has experienced up to 7.5-[[Mercalli intensity scale|earthquake magnitude]] events since it formed, it has been relatively quiescent during historical periods, with only a few 5.0-magnitude or greater earthquakes known to have occurred since 1850.<ref name="smithr">{{cite web|last=Smith|first=Robert|title=The Teton fault, Wyoming: seismotectonics, Quaternary history, and earthquake hazards|url=http://www.uusatrg.utah.edu/PAPERS/The_Teton_fault.pdf|publisher=University of Utah, USGS|access-date=February 3, 2012|author2=John Byrd|author3=David Susong|year=1993|work=Geology of Wyoming: Geological Survey of Wyoming Memoir|volume=5|pages=628–667|editor1-last=Snoke|editor1-first=A. W.|editor2-last=Steidtmann|editor2-first=J. R.|editor3-last=Roberts|editor3-first=S. M.|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120803195000/http://www.uusatrg.utah.edu/PAPERS/The_Teton_fault.pdf|archive-date=August 3, 2012|df=mdy-all}}</ref>
[[File:Teton fault block.jpg|thumb|right|Fault-block mountain formation of the Teton Range and Jackson Hole]]
In addition to {{convert|13775|ft|m|-high|adj=mid}} Grand Teton, another nine peaks are over {{convert|12000|ft|abbr=on}} above [[sea level]].<ref name=peakbagger>{{cite web|title=Teton Range|url=http://www.peakbagger.com/range.aspx?rid=14405|publisher=Peakbagger|access-date=February 3, 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121008172541/http://www.peakbagger.com/range.aspx?rid=14405|archive-date=October 8, 2012|df=mdy-all}}</ref> Eight of these peaks between [[Avalanche Canyon|Avalanche]] and [[Cascade Canyon]]s make up the often-photographed [[Cathedral Group]].<ref name=fryxell>{{cite book|last=Fryxell|first=Fritiof|title=The Tetons: interpretations of a mountain landscape|date=April 1996|publisher=Grand Teton Natural History Association|isbn=978-0-931895-05-0|page=11|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wbKiGxuADLIC&pg=PA11|access-date=February 3, 2012}}</ref> The most prominent peak north of Cascade Canyon is the monolithic [[Mount Moran]] ({{convert|12605|ft|0|abbr=on}}) which rises {{convert|5728|ft|0|abbr=on}} above Jackson Lake.<ref name=rossiter>{{cite book|last=Rossiter|first=Richard|title=Teton Classics: 50 Selected Climbs in Grand Teton National Park|date=January 1, 1994|publisher=Falcon|isbn=978-0-934641-71-5|page=105|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c4dGLjU6DEwC&pg=PA105|edition=2nd|access-date=February 3, 2012}}{{Dead link|date=June 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> To the north of Mount Moran, the range eventually merges into the high altitude [[Yellowstone Plateau]]. South of the central Cathedral Group the Teton Range tapers off near Teton Pass and blends into the [[Snake River Range]].<ref name=love>{{cite book|last=Love|first=David|title=Creation of the Teton Landscape|year=1997|publisher=Grand Teton Natural History Association|isbn=978-0-931895-08-1|at=The Story Begins|url=https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/grte/grte_geology/sec1.htm|access-date=February 3, 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150419054617/http://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/grte/grte_geology/sec1.htm|archive-date=April 19, 2015|df=mdy-all}}</ref>

West to east trending canyons provides easier access by foot into the heart of the range as no vehicular roads traverse the range except at Teton Pass, which is south of the park. Carved by a combination of glacier activity as well as numerous streams, the canyons are at their lowest point along the eastern margin of the range at Jackson Hole.<ref name=smith>{{cite book|last=Smith|first=Robert|title=Windows into the earth: the geologic story of Yellowstone and Grand Teton|year=2000|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-510597-1|pages=94–107|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZTHZfDcxXHAC&pg=PA94|access-date=February 3, 2012}}</ref> Flowing from higher to lower elevations, the glaciers created more than a dozen [[U-shaped valley]]s throughout the range.<ref name=past>{{cite web|title=Glaciation|url=http://www.nps.gov/grte/planyourvisit/upload/geology12.pdf|work=Journey Through the Past: A Geologic Tour|publisher=National Park Service|access-date=April 8, 2012|date=February 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120621223908/http://www.nps.gov/grte/planyourvisit/upload/geology12.pdf|archive-date=June 21, 2012|df=mdy-all}}</ref> Cascade Canyon is sandwiched between Mount Owen and [[Teewinot Mountain]] to the south and [[Symmetry Spire]] to the north and is situated immediately west of Jenny Lake. North to south, [[Webb Canyon|Webb]], [[Moran Canyon (Wyoming)|Moran]], [[Paintbrush Canyon|Paintbrush]], Cascade, [[Death Canyon|Death]] and [[Granite Canyon]]s slice through Teton Range.