Editing German philosophy (section)

====Schelling====
[[Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Von Schelling|Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling]], who initially adhered to the ideas of Fichte, subsequently created his own philosophical system. Nature and consciousness, object and subject, Schelling argued, coincide in the Absolute; Schelling called his philosophy "the philosophy of identity."

In [[natural philosophy]], Schelling set himself the task of knowing the absolute, infinite spirit that lies at the basis of empirical visible nature. According to Schelling, the science of nature, based exclusively on reason, is designed to reveal the unconditioned cause that produces all natural phenomena. Schelling considered the absolute as a beginning capable of self-development through contradictions; in this sense, Schelling’s philosophy is characterized by some features of idealist [[dialectics]]. In his early philosophy, around 1800, Schelling assigned a special role to art, in which, according to him, the reality of "higher being" is fully comprehended. Schelling interpreted art as "revelation." The artist, according to Schelling at this time, is a kind of mystical creature who creates in unconsciousness.

For Schelling, the main instrument of creativity is [[intellectual intuition|intuition]], "inner contemplation." In later life, Schelling evolves towards a mystical philosophy (''Mysterienlehre'').<ref>{{Cite book|title=Der Volks-Brockhaus : deutsches Sach- und Sprachwörterbuch fur Schule und Haus : A-Z..|publisher=Verlag F. A. Brockhaus|year=1939|publication-place=Leipzig|chapter=Schelling|chapter-url=https://delibra.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/publication/39909/edition/36060?}}</ref> He was invited by the [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussian]] king [[Friedrich Wilhelm IV]] to the post of professor at the [[University of Berlin]] with the aim of combating the then-popular ideas of the left-liberal [[Young Hegelians]]. It was during this period of his life that Schelling created the mystical "philosophy of revelation".