Editing Gematria (section)

===Greek===
{{main|Isopsephy}}
According to [[Aristotle]] (384–322 BCE), [[isopsephy]], an early Milesian system using the Greek alphabet, was part of the [[Pythagoreanism|Pythagorean tradition]], which originated in the 6th century BCE.<ref name=Acevedo/>

[[Plato]] (c. 427–347 BCE) offers a discussion in the ''[[Cratylus (dialogue)|Cratylus]]'', involving a view of words and names as referring (more or less accurately) to the "essential nature"<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 27, 2022 |title=The Project Gutenberg eBook of Cratylus, by Plato |url=https://www.gutenberg.org/files/1616/1616-h/1616-h.htm |access-date=2023-08-06 |website=www.gutenberg.org}}</ref> of a person or object and that this view may have influenced—and is central to—isopsephy.<ref>Marc Hirshman, ''Theology and exegesis in midrashic literature'', in Jon Whitman, [https://books.google.com/books?id=7EjIm3pAfhQC&pg=PA113 Interpretation and allegory: antiquity to the modern period]. Brill, 2003. pp. 113–114.</ref><ref>John Michell, [https://books.google.com/books?id=7nyuYu4TBAYC&pg=PA59 The Dimensions of Paradise: Sacred Geometry, Ancient Science, and the Heavenly Order on Earth], 2008. pp.59–65 ff.</ref>

A sample of graffiti at [[Pompeii]] (destroyed under volcanic ash in 79 CE) reads "I love the girl whose name is phi mu epsilon (545)".<ref>Adela Yarbro Collins, ''Cosmology and Eschatology in Jewish and Christian Apocalypticism'', Brill 2000, p116.</ref>

Other examples of use in Greek come primarily from the Christian literature. Davies and Allison state that, unlike [[rabbinic]] sources, isopsephy is always explicitly stated as being used.<ref>* {{cite book |last1=Davies |first1=William David |last2=Allison |first2=Dale C. |title=A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the Gospel According to Saint Matthew |publisher=Continuum International Publishing Group |year=2004 |page=164}}{{missing ISBN}}</ref>