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====Keyboards==== [[File:Isaac hayes 1973.jpg|thumb|right|170px|[[Isaac Hayes]] playing keyboards in 1973]] A range of keyboard instruments are used in funk. Acoustic piano is used in funk, including in "September" by [[Earth Wind & Fire]] and "[[Will It Go Round in Circles]]" by [[Billy Preston]]. The electric piano is used on songs such as [[Herbie Hancock]]'s "Chameleon" (a [[Fender Rhodes]]) and "Mercy, Mercy, Mercy" by [[Joe Zawinul]] (a [[Wurlitzer]]). The [[clavinet]] is used for its percussive tone, and it can be heard in songs such as [[Stevie Wonder]]'s "[[Superstition (song)|Superstition]]" and "[[Higher Ground (Stevie Wonder song)|Higher Ground]]" and Bill Withers' "[[Use Me (Bill Withers song)|Use Me]]". The [[Hammond B-3 organ]] is used in funk, in songs such as "Cissy Strut" by [[The Meters]] and "Love the One You're With" (with Aretha Franklin singing and Billy Preston on keyboards). [[Bernie Worrell]]'s range of keyboards from his recordings with [[Parliament Funkadelic]] demonstrate the wide range of keyboards used in funk, as they include the Hammond organ ("Funky Woman", "Hit It and Quit It", "Wars of Armageddon"); [[Rocky Mount Instruments|RMI electric piano]] ("I Wanna Know If It's Good to You?", "[[Free Your Mind... and Your Ass Will Follow|Free Your Mind]]", "Loose Booty"); acoustic piano ("Funky Dollar Bill", "Jimmy's Got a Little Bit of Bitch in Him"); clavinet ("Joyful Process", "Up for the Down Stroke", "Red Hot Mama"); [[Minimoog]] synthesizer ("Atmosphere", "[[Flash Light (song)|Flash Light]]", "Aqua Boogie", "Knee Deep", "Let's Take It to the Stage"); and ARP string ensemble synth ("[[Chocolate City (album)|Chocolate City]]", "[[Give Up the Funk (Tear the Roof off the Sucker)]]", "Undisco Kidd"). Synthesizers were used in funk both to add to the deep sound of the electric bass, or even to replace the electric bass altogether in some songs.<ref name="autogenerated51">Lacy, Travis K., ""Funk is its own reward" : an analysis of selected lyrics in popular funk music of the 1970s" (2008). ETD Collection for AUC Robert W. Woodruff Library. Paper 22. p. 51</ref> Funk synthesizer bass, most often a [[Minimoog]], was used because it could create layered sounds and new electronic tones that were not feasible on electric bass.<ref name="autogenerated51"/>
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