Editing Franz Liszt (section)

=== Rome ===
[[File:Liszt-1870.jpg|thumb|upright|Liszt, photo (mirror-imaged) by Franz Hanfstaengl, June 1870]]

After a visit to Rome and an audience with [[Pope Pius IX]] in 1860, Carolyne finally secured an annulment.{{sfn|Hilmes|2016|p=181}} It was planned that she and Liszt would marry in Rome, on 22 October 1861, Liszt's 50th birthday. Liszt arrived in Rome on 21 October, but a Vatican official had arrived the previous day in order to stop the marriage. This was a result of the machinations of [[Gustav Adolf, Cardinal Prince of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst|Cardinal Hohenlohe]], who wanted to protect a complex inheritance agreement brokered by [[Alexander II of Russia|Tsar Alexander II]]. Carolyne subsequently gave up all attempts to marry Liszt, even after her husband's death in 1864;{{sfn|Eckhardt|Mueller|Walker|2001|loc=§20}}{{sfn|Sitwell|1967|p=224}} she became a recluse, working for the rest of her life on a long work critical of the Catholic Church.{{sfn|Walker|1973|pp=71-72}}

The 1860s were a period of great sadness in Liszt's private life. On 13 December 1859, he lost his 20-year-old son Daniel to an unknown illness.{{sfn|Hilmes|2016|p=177}} On 11 September 1862 his 26-year-old daughter Blandine also died, having contracted [[sepsis]] after surgery on a breast growth which developed shortly after giving birth to a son she named in memory of Daniel.{{sfn|Hilmes|2016|p=189}} In letters to friends, Liszt announced that he would retreat to a solitary living.{{sfn|Hilmes|2016|pp=191-192}}

He moved to the monastery {{lang|it|Madonna del Rosario}}, just outside Rome, where on 20 June 1863 he took up quarters in a small, spartan apartment.{{sfn|Hilmes|2016|pp=191-192}} He had a piano in his cell, and he continued to compose.{{sfn|Walker|1973|p=74}} He had already joined the [[Third Order of Saint Francis]] previously, on 23 June 1857.{{sfn|Burger|1986|loc=209}} On 25 April 1865 he received the [[tonsure]] at the hands of Cardinal Hohenlohe, who had previously worked against Carolyne's efforts to secure an annulment; the two men became close friends.{{sfn|Hilmes|2016|pp=181,197}}{{sfn|Walker|1973|p=79}} On 31 July 1865 Liszt received the four minor orders of [[Ostiarius|porter]], [[lector]], [[exorcist]] and [[acolyte]]. After this ordination he was often called "{{lang|fr|[[Abbé]]}} Liszt". On 14 August 1879, he was made an honorary [[canon (priest)|canon]] of [[Albano Laziale|Albano]].{{sfn|Eckhardt|Mueller|Walker|2001|loc=§21}}

In 1867 Liszt was commissioned to write a piece for the coronation ceremony of [[Franz Joseph]] and [[Elisabeth of Bavaria]], and he travelled to [[Budapest]] to conduct it.{{sfn|Walker|1973|p=80}} The ''Hungarian Coronation Mass'' was performed on 8 June 1867, at the coronation ceremony in the [[Matthias Church]] by [[Buda Castle]] in a six-section form. After the first performance, the Offertory was added and, two years later, the Gradual.{{sfn|Fend|Noiray|2005|p=542}}